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试验选用4头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的西门塔尔牛阉牛。采用4×4拉丁方设计,分5期试验测定异丁酸、异戊酸、2-甲基丁酸、戊酸及混合酸(每天每千克体重0、0.02、0.04和0.06g)对纤维物质消化率的影响。结果表明:日粮添加支链脂肪酸或混合酸后,0.04g/kg异丁酸、2-甲基丁酸或戊酸组中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);异戊酸或混合酸处理组中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),0.04g/kg组显著高于0.02g/kg组(P<0.05)。添加各种支链脂肪酸在0.04g/kg对纤维物质消化有显著促进作用,因此适宜添加水平为0.04g/kg。 相似文献
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选用7头体重420kg、2.5岁的中国西门塔尔牛。采用7×7拉丁方设计,研究添加赛乐硒(7.5、15和22.5m$e/d)和亚硒酸钠(7.5、15和22.5mgSe/d)对日粮营养物质消化和氮平衡的影响。结果表明,7.5~15mg/d赛乐硒组OM、CP、EE、NFE、NDF和ADF表观消化率显著提高,15-22.5m岛『d亚硒酸钠组显著降低。赛乐硒较亚硒酸钠显著提高了采食氮、消化氮、沉积氮和消化氮,沉积氮比例。以上结果表明,赛乐硒较无机硒能更有效促进营养物质的消化与利用。提高抗氧化能力,其适宜添加量为7.5—15mg/d。 相似文献
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硒对西门塔尔牛营养物质消化、氮平衡和生化指标的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了研究硒对西门塔尔牛营养物质消化、氮平衡和生化指标的影响,试验选用16头体重450kg的西门塔尔牛阉牛,采用随机区组设计分为4组,以亚硒酸钠为硒源,分别在日粮加硒0、0.3、0.6和0.9mg/kg。结果表明:OM、CP、EE、NFE、NDF和ADF消化率均以0.3mg/kg组最高(P<0.05);沉积氮及氮利用率均以0.3mg/kg组较高(P>0.05);0.6mg/kg组血清甘油三酯显著提高(P<0.05),0.9mg/kg组血糖显著降低(P<0.05),处理组白蛋白含量增加(P<0.05),0.9mg/kg组总蛋白显著下降(P<0.05);血清GOT、GSH-Px活性提高,以0.6mg/kg组最高(P<0.05);0.6和0.9mg/kg组MDA显著降低(P<0.05)。表明加硒0.3mg/kg提高了营养物质消化代谢,0.6mg/kg对血清酶活性和抗氧化能力影响较显著。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究不同饲喂方式对肉牛的生产性能、日粮养分消化和经济效益的影响。试验选取36头12月龄左右、体况良好、体重近似的西门塔尔牛,随机分成3组,对照组采取先粗后精饲喂方式,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组分别采取先精后粗和全混合日粮(TMR)的饲喂方式。结果表明,试验Ⅱ组总干物质的采食量、结束体重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组平均日增重、饲料转化效率显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组干物质、有机物、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、无氮浸出物、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维的消化率以及增重收入和毛收益都显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05);对照组与试验Ⅰ组差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验证实,全混合日粮(TMR)饲喂方式是最有利于肉牛育肥的饲喂方式。 相似文献
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假设随着身体组织中脂肪酸的改变,试验用的随机化的棕桐油能够提高它的消化率,特别是棕榈酸(C16:0)组分的消化率。肉鸡饲喂包括天然的或是随机化的棕榈油日粮,且也饲喂天然的或按1:1比例混合的天然的和加氢的向日葵油日粮。随机化的棕榈油都能够使C16:0在甘油分子中的sn-2含量有所提高(14%-32%)。氢化的向日葵油降低了脂肪酸和饱和脂肪酸酸的消化率,并且没有改变总不饱和脂肪酸酸的消化率。随机化的棕桐油组的C16:0的表观消化率在试验前期和试验后期分别提高了2.6%和5.8%。在试验后期主要研究消化率,结果显示:C16:0在sn-2和sn-1,3位置的消化率分别为90%和51%。饲喂随机化的棕榈油组比天然的棕榈油组显著提高了胸肌、腹脂的棕榈酸的成分和降低了不饱和与饱和脂肪酸酸的比率。结论:与天然的棕榈油相比,随机化的棕榈油可以作为植物油添加在肉鸡日粮中对饱和脂肪酸酸的消化率起到积极作用,且与富含不饱和脂肪酸酸的植物油相比,对肉的硬度有好的效果。 相似文献
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硒酵母对西门塔尔牛日粮养分消化代谢和血清生化指标的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本试验旨在研究硒酵母对西门塔尔牛营养物质消化代谢和血清生化指标的影响。选用16头平均体重420 kg,年龄2.5岁的西门塔尔牛阉牛,采用随机区组设计分为4组,以硒酵母为硒源,分别在日粮中添加硒0、0.3、0.6和0.9 mg/kg。结果表明:日粮养分表观消化率、矿物元素表观存留率、消化氮和沉积氮/消化氮比例均以0.3 mg/kg与0.6 mg/kg组较高(P<0.05);0.6 mg/kg组甘油三酯显著提高,处理组血糖显著增加,0.6 mg/kg和0.9 mg/kg组白蛋白增加(P<0.05),总胆固醇、总蛋白和尿素氮差异不显著(P>0.05);0.6 mg/kg和0.9 mg/kg组血清GOT和GPT含量显著提高(P<0.05),AKP、ACP和LDH差异均不显著(P>0.05);处理组GSH-px活性显著提高(P<0.05),以0.6 mg/kg组最高;0.6 mg/kg和0.9 mg/kg组MDA显著降低(P<0.05);0.6 mg/kg组GSH含量显著增加(P<0.05);0.6 mg/kg和0.9 mg/kg组血清硒含量显著增加(P<0.05)。日粮以硒酵母为硒源时,添加硒0.6 mg/kg显著促进营养物质消化代谢和提高机体抗氧化能力,建议日粮加硒为0.6 mg/kg。[动物营养学报,2007,19(4):379-385] 相似文献
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丙酸钙对西门塔尔牛日粮养分表观消化率的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选用4头体重500kg,年龄3.5岁的中国西门塔尔牛阉牛,采用44拉丁方设计,以混合精料和玉米秸秆为基础日粮,研究丙酸钙(0、100、200和300g/d)对日粮养分表观消化率的影响。结果表明:日粮添加丙酸钙200g/d组干物质(DM)、有机物质(OM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、无氮浸出物(NFE)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率与对照组相比均显著提高(P〈0。05);高于其它丙酸钙处理组,但差异不显著(P〉0.05)。根据实验结果推断,日粮中丙酸钙的适宜添加水平为200g/d。 相似文献
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The positive relationship between fecal CP concentration and diet OM digestibility in cattle, which is based on increasing undigested microbial CP and decreasing fecal OM as OM digestibility increases, may be used as an indirect method for estimating diet OM digestibility from fecal CP concentration. Results of digestibility trials (445 individual observations) conducted at Hohenheim and Braunschweig, Germany, and at Gumpenstein, Austria, were used to study the relationship between CP concentration in feces (x, g/kg OM) and OM digestibility (y, %). The best fit was obtained with the curvilinear relationship y = ai -107.7e(-0.01515 x x), with a1 = 79.76 and a2 = 72.86 (R2 = 0.82; residual SD = 2.7; SE = 0.13), which takes into account the effects of location (i = 1 for Braunschweig and Hohenheim, and i = 2 for Gumpenstein). Dietary CP and crude fat concentration, and DMI had no effect on fecal CP content, whereas crude fiber content, proportion of concentrate in the diet, and forage type significantly affected CP concentration in feces; however, the magnitude of these effects was less than 2 percentage units, and the direction of the effect of proportion of concentrate in the diet was not uniform. The curvilinear relationship between fecal CP concentration (observed range, 100 to 300 g/kg of OM) and diet OM digestibility (observed range = 57 to 80%) may be used to estimate diet OM digestibility, particularly for field trials, as it requires no feed samples and does not physically restrict the animal. 相似文献
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选用4头体重420 kg,年龄2.5岁装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的中国西门塔尔牛阉牛,采用4×4拉丁方设计,以混合精料和玉米秸秆为基础日粮,研究异戊酸(0、0.02、0.04和0.06 g/kg体重)对瘤胃pH、氨态氮、挥发性脂肪酸浓度及乙酸/丙酸比例的影响。结果表明:0.06 g/kg体重组显著降低瘤胃pH(P<0.05),饲喂后3~6 h 0.04 g/kg体重组和0.06 g/kg体重组NH3-N浓度显著低于对照组和0.02 g/kg体重组(P<0.05);0.04 g/kg体重组瘤胃乙酸、丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著增加(P<0.05),乙酸/丙酸比例显著提高(P<0.05)。异戊酸的适宜添加水平为0.04 g/kg体重。 相似文献
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选用4头体重420 kg、2.5岁装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的中国西门塔尔牛,采用4×4拉丁方设计,研究包被铜(0、8、16和24 mg/kg)对瘤胃营养物质降解率的影响.结果表明:包被铜对瘤胃玉米秸秆和豆粕营养物质有效降解率影响均不显著(P>0.05);根据试验结果推断包被铜可安全通过瘤胃,避免了铜对瘤胃微生物的影响. 相似文献
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异戊酸对西门塔尔牛瘤胃营养物质有效降解率的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选用4头体重420kg,年龄2.5岁装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的中国西门塔尔牛阉牛,采用4×4拉丁方设计,以混合精料和玉米秸秆为基础日粮,研究异戊酸(0、0.02、0.04和0.06g/kgW)对瘤胃营养物质有效降解率的影响。结果表明:0.04g/kgW组和0.06g/kgW组豆粕干物质、有机物质和粗蛋白质有效降解率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);0.04g/kgW组玉米秸秆干物质、有机物质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的有效降解率显著提高(P<0.05)。异戊酸的适宜添加水平为0.04g/kgW。 相似文献
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异戊酸对西门塔尔牛瘤胃发酵及尿嘌呤衍生物的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选用4头体重(420±8.6)kg,年龄2.5岁装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的中国西门塔尔牛阉牛,采用4×4拉丁方设计,以混合精料和玉米秸秆为基础日粮,研究异戊酸(0、0.02、0.04和0.06 g/kgW)对瘤胃pH、NH3-N、VFA、营养物质降解率及尿嘌呤衍生物浓度的影响。结果表明:0.06 g/kgW组显著降低瘤胃pH(P<0.05),饲喂后3-6 h,0.04 g/kgW组和0.06 g/kgW组NH3-N浓度显著低于对照和0.02 g/kgW组(P<0.05);0.04 g/kgW组和0.06 g/kgW组,豆粕干物质、有机物质和粗蛋白质有效降解率显著低于对照(P<0.05);0.04 g/kgW组玉米秸秆干物质、有机物质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的有效降解率显著提高(P<0.05),0.04 g/kgW组瘤胃乙酸、丁酸、乙酸/丙酸比例、总挥发性脂肪酸和尿嘌呤衍生物显著增加(P<0.05)。异戊酸的适宜添加水平为0.04g/kgW。 相似文献
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The apparent precaecal (pc) digestibility of crude protein (CP) and the apparent pc absorption of the key amino acids (AA) lysine, methionine, cystine, isoleucine, threonine and tryptophan from two yellow sweet lupine (L. luteus) varieties (Bornova, Borluta) and one narrow-leafed sweet lupine (L. angustifolius) were determined with ileorectostomized pigs. When the influence of the basal diet (barley or protein free rations) was checked with regard to absorption there were significant differences in a few cases only. In comparison to soybean meal (SBM) the methionine of the lupines was significantly worse, the cystine significantly better absorbed. The CP and the other key AA of the lupines showed approximately the same or even slightly higher pc absorption than those of SBM. With the example of the pc-absorbable AA amounts it was shown that sweet lupines with an approximately equally high CP content as in SBM cannot completely substitute the latter even after lysine and methionine supplementation because the absorbable tryptophan is by far insufficient, and isoleucine and threonine make up only 75% in comparison to SBM. On the basis of the content of pc-digestible CP and pc-absorbable AA it becomes possible to substitute high-grade imported protein concentrates according to their ability of AA supply in the feeding of pigs completely or partly by home-made protein feeds. 相似文献
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异丁酸对西门塔尔牛瘤胃发酵及尿嘌呤衍生物的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文旨在研究异丁酸对西门塔尔牛瘤胃pH、NH3-N、VFA和营养物质降解率及尿嘌呤衍生物浓度的影响。选用4头平均体重420 kg,年龄2.5岁装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的中国西门塔尔牛阉牛,采用4×4拉丁方设计,以混合精料和风干玉米秸秆为基础日粮,在基础日粮中分别添加异丁酸0、0.02、0.04和0.06 g/(kgW.d)。结果表明:各组瘤胃pH差异不显著(P>0.05),0.04 g/(kgW.d)组和0.06 g/(kgW.d)组NH3-N浓度极显著低于对照和0.02 g/(kgW.d)组(P<0.01);0.02 g/(kgW.d)组豆粕干物质、有机物和粗蛋白质动态降解率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);0.04 g/(kgW.d)组玉米秸干物质、有机物、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的降解率显著提高(P<0.05),0.04 g/(kgW.d)组瘤胃乙酸、乙酸/丙酸、总挥发性脂肪酸和尿嘌呤衍生物显著增加(P<0.05)。根据试验结果推断日粮中异丁酸的适宜添加水平为0.04 g/(kgW.d)。 相似文献