黄颡鱼高效人工繁殖技术

以人工饲养的2、3冬龄黄颡鱼为研究对象,进行4批次的人工催产和孵化试验。催产雌亲鱼5960尾,平均体重120.6～148.2g,雄亲鱼350尾,平均体重278.6～310.5g。催产药物为LHRH-A2、DOM和HCG合剂。亲鱼注射后放入水泥池暂养,到达效应时间时实施人工采卵、采精液和人工授精,受精卵脱黏后用孵化桶孵化。雌雄亲鱼为20∶1。共收获受精卵4389.6万粒,孵出水花鱼苗3774.2万尾。平均催产率和受精率达到94.6%和84.1%,每尾雌亲鱼平均产受精卵约0.74万粒,孵化出鱼苗约0.63万尾。结果表明,该方法操作简便,亲鱼产卵率、受精卵孵化率和出苗率均较高,同时,节省人力、物力和空间,可大大提高黄颡鱼人工繁殖生产效率。     

黄颡鱼人工繁殖技术研究

2002～2003年进行了黄颡鱼人工繁殖6批次人工催产试验。结果表明，黄颡鱼亲鱼采用在成鱼池或亲鱼池中套养方式培育，其催产效果优于专池培育的催产效果。黄颡鱼人工繁殖催产三率分别为催产率69％～82％、受精率63％～81％、孵化率63％～73％。同时进行了不同孵化水源对黄颡鱼催产孵化效果的比较试验．池塘过滤水孵化效果好于曝气的自来水。     

黄颡鱼的人工繁殖与苗种培育试验

2003年4月21日至7月3日进行了黄颡鱼较大规模的人工繁殖试验,人工催产黄颡鱼6批,其中催产雌性黄颡鱼1017尾,计82.7kg,雄性黄颡鱼1080尾,计130kg,获黄颡鱼苗40万尾左右.本文对黄颡鱼的繁殖季节,雌雄比例,注射方法,几种催产激素对黄颡鱼的催产效果,流水孵化与静水孵化的效果,人工鱼巢的设置,苗种培育等进行了分析和比较.     

黄颡鱼繁育技术

在黄颡鱼养殖过程中很多地区难以取得规格整齐的黄颡鱼苗,阻碍了黄颡鱼的大批量生产,致使很多地方市场上黄颡鱼供不应求。笔者在2000～2002年这几年内经过试验,基本上掌握了黄颡鱼的人工繁殖与鱼苗培育技术,现将其方法介绍如下:一、黄颡鱼的人工繁殖1.亲鱼的选择要求选择体表光滑、体色鲜艳、无病无伤、体质健壮的黄颡鱼作亲鱼,雌性体重每尾在100克以上,雄性每尾在150克以上。倘若是从市场收购来的,用3%～4%的食盐水浸泡4～5分钟,而且要先进行驯食,强化培育之后方可进行人工催产。2.人工催产雌雄鉴别:雄性体型较长大,只有一个泄殖孔。而雌性…     

黄颡鱼规模化繁殖试验

2005，2006年在黑龙江省肇东市涝洲镇新江村渔场进行了黄颡鱼规模化繁殖试验，共催产黄颡鱼亲鱼2736组，获得受精卵724．5万粒，孵化鱼苗489．3万尾，平均催产率87．3％、受精率85．1％、孵化率80．6％。     

黄颡鱼的规模人工繁殖试验

１９９８年５月４日至５月３０日在湖北省孝感市猪湖和武汉市大舒特各水产养殖场进行了黄颡鱼较大规模的人工繁殖试验,共进行７次人工催产,其中催化雌鱼６１２尾,计４５．８ｋｇ、雄鱼３８３尾,计４５．９ｋｇ,获鱼卵１５０万粒左右。本文对黄颡鱼的繁殖季节,雌雄比例,注射方法,几种催产激光对黄颡鱼催产效果,流水孵化与静水孵化的效果,人工鱼巢的设置,苗种培育等进行了分析和比较。最后总结了这次黄颡鱼规模人工繁殖４     

鱼苗超亿尾 产值逾十万

浙江省永康市水产养殖试验场,今年家鱼人工繁殖搞得非常出色、鲢、鳙、草三大家鱼苗产量达10170万尾,产值达10万元,销售收入6.7万元。该场在4月27日就开始了鱼苗人工繁殖,比往年提早一星期。催产草鱼七次,计89组,179尾(親鱼总重1414.4kg),全产84组,获下塘鱼苗6700万尾,催产率94.3％,平均每尾母親鱼获下塘鱼苗75万尾。催产鲢鱼三次,计57组,127尾(親鱼总重489.3kg),全产54组,催产率94.6％,平均每尾母親鱼产下塘鱼苗45.5万尾。催产鳙鱼一     

鄱阳湖黄颡鱼胚胎发育观察

黄颡鱼 (Pseudobagrusfulvidraco)是江西各类型水域中常见的经济鱼类。我们对鄱阳湖黄颡鱼进行了人工繁殖及苗种培育 ,并对该鱼的胚胎发育进行了观察。本文就鄱阳湖黄颡鱼的胚胎发育观察结果报道如下 :1　材料和方法黄颡鱼亲鱼于 2 0 0 1年早春从鄱阳湖水系的江河、湖泊、水库和池塘等水体收集。选择纯种 ,体质健壮且已达性成熟的鱼作为繁殖用亲鱼专池培育。6月上旬 ,选择成熟度好的雌雄亲鱼以 1∶1配比进行催产。雌鱼催产剂量为 :LRH—A2 3～ 5 μg kg亲鱼重 +HCG80 0～ 12 0 0IU kg亲鱼重 +DOM 3～ 5mg kg亲鱼重 +催产灵 80 0～ 10 …     

黄颡鱼人工繁殖技术

利用野生黄颡鱼成熟亲本通过人工催产、授精、孵化等措施，进行黄颡鱼人工繁殖。2001年的研究结果表明，催产率平均为73．6％，受精率平均为72．7％，孵化率平均为76．8％。生产1．0--1．5cm苗种316万尾。     

黄颡鱼早繁试验

在北方黄颡鱼每年开始自然繁殖的时间为6月20日左右。本试验通过提温培育亲鱼,将黄颡鱼的繁殖时间提早20d。4月10日开始给亲鱼池提温,到4月30日水温达到25℃。亲鱼精心培育30d,于5月30日进行人工催产。共催产2087组,实产1723组,催产率为82.56%,共产约222.199万粒卵。抽样估算受精率为87.25%,受精卵约为193.869万粒。孵出水花约160.291万尾,孵化率为82.68%。结果表明,黄颡鱼在寒区可以提早20d进行繁殖。     

光棘球海胆(♀)×中间球海胆(♂)杂交育苗试验

以光棘球海胆为母本,中间球海胆为父本进行杂交试验及苗种培育.试验结果表明,通过筛选同时得到自然成熟的父母本精、卵,在比正常海胆自交精子量高40倍以上的精子作用下,杂交受精率为2.5%.在适宜的水温、光照及饵料等的培养条件下,杂交海胆能够生长附着变态,变态时间与母本相近.培育出的杂交海胆外部颜色及棘色、棘长介于两亲本之间.杂交海胆经过6～7个月的中间暂养,出苗量为0.6×10~4个/m~3,个体壳径3～30 mm,平均壳径8.8 mm.     

Carotenoid composition in wild-caught spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) broodstocks: effects on gonad development

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry - The carotenoid reserves of broodstocks have a considerable impact on reproductive performance, maturity, fecundity, spawning, and yolk-sac larvae quality. The...     

Seasonal shift in spawning of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) by photoperiod manipulation: egg quality in relation to temperature and intensive larval rearing

Commercial intensive fry production of Atlantic cod will be dependent on production of viable eggs independent of season. This can only be done by manipulation of maturation by photoperiod, but little is known about potential effects on egg characteristics and larval viability. In two cod broodstocks, maturation was successfully advanced or delayed 6 months compared with normal spawning season (March–April) by manipulation of photoperiod. The advanced broodstock spawned both in spring and autumn the same year. In two of the spawning tanks during autumn, ambient temperature was reduced after reaching 13.7°C during the first half of the spawning period. Egg quality and viability were monitored, and several egg batches were incubated, hatched and start‐fed for examination of growth and survival. Temperatures above 9.6°C resulted in significant reductions in fertilization and normal egg development. Concurrently, fractions of dead and unfertilized eggs increased with elevated temperature. Actual relative fecundity was not affected by temperature. Egg characteristics improved when temperature was controlled and lowered below 9.6°C. Occurrence of irregular spawners suggests that handling of broodstock fish should be avoided during maturation and spawning. Cod larvae originating from eggs of the advanced or delayed broodstocks were successfully reared beyond metamorphosis. Survival was 9.0–46.6% and 29.3% in green and clear water respectively. Survival correlated with both initial and average feeding conditions, but growth rate did not correlate with either of survival and feeding conditions. Specific growth rates (8.3–13.6% day⁻¹) is comparable with other intensive rearing trials with cod, but were lower than reported from nature‐like systems.     

金头鲷全人工育苗技术研究

利用金头鲷亲鱼202尾,获受精卵39900万粒,选取产卵盛期受精卵583万粒,孵化初孵仔鱼462万尾,平均孵化率78．2％,培育出3—4cm的幼鱼34．2万尾,平均成活率7．4％,最高达18．4％。     

Variation in the distribution of yellowfin sole Limanda aspera larvae in warm and cold years in the eastern Bering Sea

Multiyear periods of relatively cold temperatures (2007–2013) and warm temperatures (2001–2005 and 2014–2018) altered the eastern Bering Sea ecosystem, affecting ocean currents and wind patterns, plankton community, and spatial distribution of fishes. Yellowfin sole Limanda aspera larvae were collected from the inner domain (≤50 m depth) of the eastern Bering Sea among four warm years (2002, 2004, 2005, 2016), an average year (2006), and three cold years (2007, 2010, 2012). Spatial distribution and density of larvae among those years was analyzed using generalized additive models that included timing of sea-ice retreat, areal coverage of water ≤0°C, and water temperature as covariates. Analyses indicated a combination of temperature effects on the location and timing of spawning, and on egg and larval survival, may explain the variation in larval density and distribution among years. During warm years, higher density and wider spatial distribution of larvae may be due to earlier spawning, an expansion of the spawning area, and higher egg and larvae survival due to favorable temperatures. Larval distribution contracted shoreward, and density was lower during cold conditions and was likely due to fish spawning closer to shore to remain in preferred temperatures, later spawning, and increased mortality. Predicted drift trajectories from spawning areas showed that larvae would reach nursery grounds in most years. Years when the drift period was longer than the pelagic phase of the larvae occurred during both warm and cold conditions indicating that settlement outside of nursery areas could happen during either temperature condition.     

岩虫室内人工繁育的初步研究

通过人工培育方法,在岩虫亲体3种培育密度(100、200、300尾/m2)于水温(25±0.6)℃、盐度(31±0.5)条件下,获得幼体0.58×104～1.5×104尾;由3种幼虫培育密度(0.2×104尾/m2、0.5×104尾/m2和1.0×104尾/m2)经50 d后获得幼虫0.09×104～0.43×104尾/m2,幼虫体长2.10～2.68 cm,成活率达42%～57%。     

Spatial and temporal patterns in summer ichthyoplankton assemblages on the eastern Bering Sea shelf 1996–2007

Larval and early juvenile fishes were sampled from the eastern Bering Sea (EBS) shelf from 2001 to 2005, and in 2007. Data from these collections were used to examine spatial and temporal patterns in species assemblage structure and abundance. The years 2001–2005 were unusual because the EBS water temperature was ‘warm’ compared with the long‐term mean temperature. In contrast, 2007 was a ‘cold’ year. The abundance of the five most numerous taxa at 12 stations common to all years sampled (1996–2005, 2007) were significantly different among years. Larval and early juvenile stage Theragra chalcogramma (walleye pollock), a commercially important gadid, were by far the most abundant fish in all years. Bottom depth alone best explained assemblage structure in most years, but in others, bottom depth and water column temperature combined and percent sea‐ice coverage were most important. Abundance of T. chalcogramma larvae increases with water column temperature until 5°C and then becomes level. Higher abundances of Gadus macrocephalus (Pacific cod) larvae occur in years with the greatest percent sea‐ice cover as indicated by GAM analysis. Larvae of Lepidopsetta polyxystra (northern rock sole) increase in abundance with increasing maximum wind speed, but decrease at a later date during the last winter storm. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that oceanographic conditions, specifically water temperature and sea‐ice coverage, affect the spatial and temporal pattern of larval abundances. In general, ichthyoplankton species assemblages can be important early indicators of environmental change in the Bering Sea and potentially other subarctic seas as well.     

真蛸人工繁殖及受精卵孵化技术研究初报

真蛸为福建省近年来新兴的海水养殖优良种类,具有较高的营养价值、商品价值和产业化养殖前景。本文报道了福建省水产研究所2008年-2011年真蛸人工繁殖及受精卵孵化结果：127头雌亲蛸经强化培育,共有77头产卵,获卵194×10^4粒,孵出143．4×10^4头浮游幼体。雌亲蛸获产率46．2％～86．7％,卵子受精率75．6％-91．8％,受精卵孵化率77．9％～95．0％。在20．0～22．5℃水温条件下,真蛸受精卵经21～36d开始孵出,孵出后4～6d为孵出高峰,每窝卵开始孵出至孵化结束维持10—16d。     

Characterization of Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis, male broodstock in terms of sperm production and quality

Sperm quality and production have never been characterized in Solea senegalensis males. Reproduction in captivity in this species has been obtained mostly with wild-captured animals, because it is common that the F1 generation fails to reproduce. However, there is no information on sperm quality from both types of broodstocks. The aim of the present study was to characterize sperm production and to describe the profiles of spermiation in individual wild-captured males. Also, sperm quality and production were determined in two types of broodstocks established in our facilities; wild-captured and F1 individuals. The males were analyzed for their fluency and identified as fluent or non-fluent. The sperm volume, cell concentration, sperm production and motility were recorded from mid February until mid November in both broodstocks. Results showed that S. senegalensis males can produce motile sperm during all this period, with specific peaks of high spermiation and a high percentage of fluent males. This fact was observed in both male broodstocks. There was a large variability in terms of sperm profiles in males maintained under the same conditions. Sperm volume collected in this species was very small and ranged from 5 to 20 μl in F1 broodstock and 10 to 80 μl in wild-captured broodstock. Cell density ranged from 0.7 to 1.2 × 10⁹ spermatozoa/ml in F1 males to values of 1-2 × 10⁹ spermatozoa/ml for the wild-captured males. Sperm production (total spermatozoa per stripping) was also very low and ranged from 20 × 10⁶ spermatozoa for F1 broodstock to 40-60 × 10⁶ spermatozoa for wild-captured broodstock. Our results demonstrated that sperm production in this species is very low and variable according to the type of males. These results suggest that a previous selection of males according to their fluency, sperm production and provenience (wild-captured or F1) should be taken into account in the establishment of a S. senegalensis broodstock.     

Genetic divergence among broodstocks of Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus in eastern Canada derived from the same founding populations

We examined the amount and distribution of molecular variation at microsatellite loci in 21 broodstocks of Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus derived from the Fraser River, Labrador and the Nauyuk Lake, Nunavut, Canada. Our goal was to assess the amount of genetic diversity and differentiation as broodstocks are subdivided and propagated in different hatcheries and grow‐out facilities. We observed significant heterogeneity across pairs of ancestral and descendant broodstocks in the mean numbers of alleles at microsatellite loci. We detected a significant decrease in the observed heterozygosity between ancestors and descendants but the amount of decrease did not depend on either the degree of removal from the wild (number of sequential transfers) or the strain (Fraser vs. Nauyuk). Based on allele frequency distributions, there was little genetic evidence of bottlenecks during the creation of subsequent broodstock populations after the initial founding events. All broodstock samples were significantly differentiated from each other but those within the same strain were more similar to each other than to broodstocks from different strains. Broodstocks from the Nauyuk Lake broodstocks showed greater differentiation from each other than did Fraser River broodstocks, which could be attributed to differences in the number of founders.