甘薯秧苗存放对薯块与藤叶产量的影响

本文探讨了甘署秧苗存放对薯块与藤叶产量的影响。     

群体密度对紫薯新品种临薯2号的生长和商品薯产量的影响

为了构建紫薯新品种临薯2号的最佳群体结构,采用随机排列方法,设置42015(T1)、47055(T2)、53475(T3)、61920(T4)、73530株/hm2(T5)5个密度处理,分析不同群体密度对秧蔓生长、结薯习性及商品薯产量的影响.结果表明,随着群体密度提高,临薯2号地上部与地下部鲜质量比值(T/R)和单株结...     

甘薯新品种烟薯27生长动态研究

甘薯新品种烟薯27具有高产、优质、抗病、食用品质佳等特点。其高产机理在于光合面积大，净同化率高，茎叶和薯块鲜重的比例（T／R值）进展合理，同化物分配到块根的比率高。     

种薯二等分纵切对甘薯产秧量的影响

在美国,大多数商用甘薯是利用膨大了的贮藏根来繁殖秧苗。秧苗繁殖的特点随栽培品种而定。把生产有利用价值秧苗的数量提高到最大限度,同时把生产它们所需要的时间降到最低限度,可减轻育秧成本,便于提早移栽。尽管小贮藏根的产苗量常常少于大贮藏根的,然而通常却喜欢用小薯块排种,因后者比等量大薯块的产秧量多。催芽处理能增加早秧的产量。为了检查其薯块内部品质,可以把薯块切成薄片,而后将该薯块的近顶梢排种育苗。该方法可彻底评价其內部品质,但在很大程度上却削减了贮藏根的产苗潜力。在佐治亚州,很多栽     

甘薯一段苗和二段苗生长和产量性状比较

甘薯一段苗(带顶尖的0～25 cm)及二段苗(25～50 cm)试验结果表明：一段苗的薯干粗淀粉含量极显著高于二段苗，一段苗有利于提高迷你薯比率，而二段苗有利于提高大中薯率。在3个甘薯品种中，广薯87一段苗的单株结薯数、薯干产量、淀粉产量和鲜薯产量分别比二段苗提高51.7%、38.7%、41.9%和20.2%，前三者达显著差异；广薯79一段苗的鲜薯产量、薯干产量和淀粉产量分别比二段苗提高15.3%、11.9%和20.0%；相反，普薯24二段苗的单株鲜薯重、鲜薯产量、薯干产量和淀粉产量分别比一段苗提高12.0%、12.0%、15.7和11.8%。因此，应针对不同甘薯品种一段苗和二段苗的生长特性以及市场目标来择优选用。     

亏缺灌溉对大豆根系生长和养分积累及产量的影响

采用盆栽方法以新大豆8号为试验材料,研究了4种土壤水分处理(下限分别为田间持水量的80%、70%、60%、50%)对春大豆根系生长、根系活力和单株产量的影响.结果表明:随着水分亏缺加重,根干重、根系吸收表面积、根伤流、根活力均呈现显著降低的变化趋势,表现为80%>70%>60%>50%;7月20日前后亏缺灌溉降低大豆根...     

种薯生理成熟对早播马铃薯芽生长和产量的影响

种薯生理成熟对早播马铃薯芽生长和产量的影响Ｓｕｂｒａｔａｋｒｏｙ等著那凤琴译马铃薯（ＳｏｌａｎｕｍｔｕｂｅｒｏｓｕｍＬ．）在印度西北平原９月份播种，早期生长阶段易遭遇平均２９℃左右的高温。高温下生长的植株细弱、叶小，产量下降（Ｋｕｓｈｗａｈ和Ｇｏｖｉ...     

早熟甘薯鲜薯产量与其相关因素的灰色关联度分析

应用灰色系统理论中关联度分析法对７个早熟甘薯品种的６个相关因素与鲜薯产量的关联度分析，结果表明甘薯早熟品种与其相关因素的的关联度排列顺序依次为：上薯率ｒ５，藤叶重ｒ３，一次分枝数ｒ２，烘干率ｒ６，最长蔓长ｒ１，结薯数ｒ４。明确了各因素对鲜薯产量影响的主次关系，为选育早熟高产甘薯品种提供了理论依据。     

移栽与直播对油菜根系建成及籽粒产量的影响

为深入理解根系调控在轻简化栽培技术中的作用,以甘蓝型油菜品种中双11号和中油杂12号为材料,通过设置直播（4.5万株/公顷）和移栽（12万株/公顷）两种栽培方式,高氮和低氮两种施肥方式的田间试验,从群体的角度研究了油菜的根系分布特征。结果表明,直播油菜根系比移栽油菜分布更深,直播油菜在0～10cm土层的根系分布显著低于移栽油菜,但在10～20cm和20～30cm土层的根系显著高于移栽油菜;初花期根干重是决定油菜群体籽粒产量的主要因素,根干重越大,籽粒产量越高;粗壮的根系是油菜获得高产的关键,移栽油菜的根系比直播油菜更为粗壮,增施氮肥有助于根系的粗壮型生长。     

播种方式对费乌瑞它马铃薯生长与产量品质的影响

试验通过改变马铃薯种薯播种方式(芽眼朝向),研究其对南方冬作区费乌瑞它马铃薯生长、产量与品质的影响。结果表明,播种深度10 cm,以芽眼朝下方式播种马铃薯,收获的马铃薯产量与商品薯率(667 m22150.66 kg,90.59%)均比芽眼朝上(667 m2 2 001.95 kg,80.44%)播种方式高,并且植株长势健壮,青薯率低。南方地区适合运用种薯芽眼朝下播种方式进行马铃薯种植。     

棉花基质苗不同龄期移栽对产量及性状的影响

通过棉花基质苗5种不同龄期进行移栽试验,结果表明:随着棉花基质苗移栽期的推迟,棉花的子棉与皮棉产量、总桃数、果枝层数、单铃重、衣分等均相应减少;不同移栽期对棉花的株高和生育期无影响;基质苗一叶期移栽是最佳适宜期.     

诱导甘薯开花的病原菌鉴定及其粗毒素对甘薯生长的影响

甘薯‘胜利百号’根腐病株为何出现显蕾开花的研究未见报告。本文鉴定了茄病镰孢甘薯专化型[Fusarium solani（Mart）Sacc．f.sp．batatas McClure，简称FSB]引起甘薯‘胜利百号’根腐病和诱导其显蕾开花（图1，2）。就FSB的V100-93-06菌株室内接种‘胜利百号’的接种方法、对不同甘薯栽培型的致病性及其粗毒素对甘薯组培苗叶片，芽的萌发数量和根的影响进行了研究。结果表明。切根接种和针刺接种方法较好（图3），V100—93-06菌株对不同甘薯栽培型呈现不同的致病性（表1），其粗毒素能够使组培苗出现黄叶（图4，5A），抑制芽萌发，抑制根长度和数量（图5），并能够诱导和病原菌寄生相似的部分症状（表2）。     

Effects of growth regulators on the growth and yield of detached and transplanted potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) sprouts

Summary Roots of 15-day-old sprouts detached from tubers of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv., Local Red, were dipped for 1 min in a 0.25% solution of Ethrel (ethephon), Rootone-F (RF), or Transplantone (TP) or in water and then planted in the field. Plants treated with RF and TP were significantly (P<0.05) taller, had heavier haulm, produced more leaves, and yielded more tubers than those of the control treatment with water, ethephon had no effect. RF was significantly (P<0.05) superior to TP for all measured components except leaf number.     

Effects of desprouting on growth and yield of physiologically old seed of the potato variety Ulster Sceptre

Summary Desprouting of physiologically old seed at planting delayed emergence but had no effects on final number of above-ground stems, final number of tubers or leaf dry weight at the end of June. Tuber yields were reduced by desprouting throughout the harvesting period. At the beginning of harvesting desprouted seed had no saleable yield. The results suggest that desprouting delays but does not alter the morphology of plants, nor the growth pattern of physiologically old seed.     

Effects of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide on shoot and root growth of Kennebec and Russet Burbank potato plants

The effects of sulphur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), singly and in combination, on the shoot and root growth of two potato cultivars sensitive to these pollutant gases were determined using rooted cuttings in controlled conditions. Plants were exposed to 0.11 ppm SO₂ and/or 0.11 ppm NO₂ for 24 hours a day for 7 or 14 days. Kennebec plants had significantly lower root fresh and dry weights after 7 days in the mixture treatments and lower root fresh weight in the NO₂ treatment. Russet Burbank plants were more sensitive to SO₂ and NO₂ than Kennebec. Russet Burbank plants had significantly reduced leaf area, and leaf, stem, and root fresh and dry weights after 7 and 14 days of mixture treatment, and the leaf to root dry weight ratio was higher than in control plants. The combination treatment and SO₂ alone resulted in visible injury on leaves of both cultivars. Changes in tissue water concentration, decreased specific leaf area and decreased root growth suggested that SO₂ and NO₂ altered plant water status and interfered with partitioning of dry matter from the leaves to other plant parts.