民国时期六堡茶的生产加工工艺初探

六堡茶属黑茶类,因产自广西壮族自治区梧州市苍梧县六堡镇而得名,民国时期因盛销海外而声名大噪。本文根据民国时期的历史文献记载,结合实地调研内容对六堡茶的制作工艺加以探究,再现六堡茶在民国时期从种植、采摘到加工制作的过程。     

六堡茶之槟榔香味溯源和辨析

通过对六堡茶及槟榔的历史文献、槟榔感官品尝实验、分析、推理、实地调查、苍梧县民俗习惯、六堡茶品尝验证等研究得出,六堡茶之槟榔香气和滋味仅是似槟榔（Areca catechu L.）的干燥成熟种子或其切片之香气和滋味,即似淡雅果香、很轻微的木、麻、涩、苦等滋味,回味甘,但这些香气和滋味的浓度、强度、厚度不可能与槟榔的香气和滋味等量齐观,同时肯定没有强烈的臭青味、甜味、焦味或焦油味,与烟味没有关系。六堡茶在某一时间段内只要具有类似淡雅果香、回味呈现甘味,同时具有一种以上类似槟榔的其他香气和滋味即可以视为有槟榔香气或槟榔滋味。     

广西梧州六堡茶产业发展现状与对策研究

近年来，梧州市政府紧紧围绕产业扶贫和乡村振兴战略，大力发展六堡茶产业，使六堡茶产业发展迅猛，但在高质量发展过程中也存在着一些问题。文章在查阅相关资料、实地走访调研的基础上，分析六堡茶产业发展现状，并针对六堡茶原料品质不高、管理粗放、缺乏人才和六堡茶普及度低等六堡茶产业化发展过程中存在的问题，提出了加快六堡茶产业健康发展的对策和建议，为梧州市六堡茶产业转型升级及持续、快速、健康发展提供一定的借鉴和指导作用。     

新时代广西苍梧县六堡茶保护利用创新

六堡茶因原产于苍梧县六堡镇而得名，是广西优势特色历史名茶。历史悠久的六堡茶衍生出了丰富的茶文化，并成为了苍梧县的支柱产业。在新的时代背景下，六堡茶的保护与利用面临着许多新的影响与冲击。本文通过对苍梧县六堡茶保护利用现状和所取得成效的分析，针对六堡茶保护利用中存在的问题，基于新时代背景下，提出改善提升对策，助力推动六堡茶的保护与利用，发挥六堡茶在普及文化遗产知识、提升区域文化自信和乡村振兴中的作用。     

弘扬六堡茶文化做强六堡茶产业

一、六堡茶的历史渊源六堡茶是以地理名称命名的历史名茶,原产于广西梧州市苍梧县六堡乡。六堡茶的产制历史可追溯到一千五百多年前,享有盛名的历史也有二百多年。在六堡河的怀抱中孕育并最终成为著名侨销茶的六堡茶,是自然与人文共同打造的精灵。长期以来,在港、澳及东南亚华侨之中久负盛名,是传统出口商品。六堡茶成品有制成块状、砖状、金钱状的,如     

微生物种群在形成“六堡茶”品质中的作用研究兼论离开梧州生产不出纯正的“六堡茶”〈二〉

5微生物与"六堡茶"风味,色泽特征的关系杨抚林等研究表明,六堡茶与其它黑茶一样,其滋味是以黄酮类及其氧化产物,茶多酚及其氧化产物为主要成分的一种多味综合体,有儿茶素的涩味,咖啡碱的苦味,     

微生物种群在形成"六堡茶"品质中的作用研究兼论离开梧州生产不出纯正的"六堡茶"〈二〉

5微生物与"六堡茶"风味、色泽特征的关系 杨抚林[6]等研究表明,六堡茶与其它黑茶一样,其滋味是以黄酮类及其氧化产物、茶多酚及其氧化产物为主要成分的一种多味综合体,有儿茶素的涩味、咖啡碱的苦味,也有氨基酸的鲜甜味.     

六堡茶工厂化生产的起源及其演变

六堡茶系广西历史名茶,但由于消费者对六堡茶的历史及品质缺乏了解而造成目前市场混乱。本文概述了现代六堡茶产制的历史,并从制作工艺、编号、设备及技术等方面厘清六堡茶工厂化生产的起源及演变,阐述其在传统工艺与改制工艺上制作过程与品质的差异,肯定了三鹤牌六堡茶的悠久历史与优良品质。     

六堡茶风味轮的构建及解析

本研究的目的是构建一个与六堡茶风味特征相符合的风味轮.从标准化的六堡茶定义及加工工艺出发,通过对六堡茶的毛茶、新茶及陈茶进行感官审评、冲泡品饮、生产现场调研、文献查证,并与资深的质检师、制茶师、品鉴师进行品饮、切磋、交流,用标准化的、文献中有明确释义的及新创的术语描述其色、香、味、韵的特征,按风味的主要来源或呈现环节不...     

论六堡茶的选购——基于认证对茶叶质量安全的保证作用

为了解决选购六堡茶只重视感官指标而忽视卫生、安全的问题,本文介绍一般茶叶标准和六堡茶标准,指出产品标准的规定是不全面的,而认证则是对其不足的必不可少的补充;比较强制性官方认证、自愿性管理体系认证和产品认证对茶叶质量保证作用的差异,分析影响认证有效性的内、外因素,阐述六堡茶保健功效及其质量的鉴别方法等。同时指出,茶叶的感官质量是建立在卫生、安全基础上的,在选购六堡茶时,若只关注感官指标而不重视其卫生、安全,是本末倒置。选购六堡茶要从生产企业的认证情况、购买目的、品鉴水平、经济条件、贮藏条件、策略、技巧等方面综合考虑,才能选购到既卫生、安全,感官指标合适又经济的产品。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

Comparison of two methods of PCNB application for control of Rhizoctonia infection of potatoes

A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly.     

Prediction of the digestibility of the diet of horses: evaluation of faecal indices

Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R²= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r²= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r²= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r²= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands.     

橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用

以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。