伊维菌素注射剂对黄牛痒螨病的治疗效果观察

应用伊维菌素注射剂,对自然感染牛痒蜻的29头黄牛进行治疗效果试验,并设阳性对照组.结果:伊维菌素治疗组黄牛在用药后72～96h,瘙痒症状明显减轻,用药后21d检查,未查到活的牛痒螨.试验表明,伊维菌素0.2mg/kg体重剂量对初期感染牛痒螨的病牛一次给药即可治愈;对严重感染者间隔10d再次给药具有良好的杀螨效果.     

伊维菌素注射剂对绵羊疥螨病的治疗效果观察

应用伊维菌素注射剂,对自然感染绵羊疥螨的33只病羊进行治疗效果试验,并设阳性对照组。结果:伊维菌素注射剂治疗组绵羊在用药后48~72h,瘙痒症状明显减轻,用药后7、14d检查,查到部分活的疥螨:21d检查,未查到活的疥螨。试验表明,伊维菌素注射剂0.2mg/kg体重剂量对初期感染绵羊疥螨的病样一次给药即可治愈;对严重感染者间隔7~10d再次给药具有良好的杀螨效果。     

伊维菌素片剂对绒山羊螨病的治疗效果观察

应用伊维菌素片剂对青海省互助县108只绒山羊进行了螨病治疗效果实验,并设阳性对照组.结果表明,伊维菌素治疗组山羊在用药48～72 h后,瘙痒症状明显减轻,用药后21 d检查,未查到活的螨虫.实验表明,伊维菌素0.3 mg/kg体重剂量对初期感染绒山羊螨病一次给药即可治愈,对严重感染者间隔7～10 d再次给药后,得到良好的治疗效果.     

“寄生虫一次净注射液”对绵羊疥螨病的治疗效果观察

应用寄生虫一次净注射液针剂,对自然感染绵羊疥螨病的38只病羊进行治疗效果试验.结果表明:寄生虫一次净注射液治疗组绵羊在用药后2～3 d,瘙痒症状明显减轻,用药后21 d检查,未查到活的痒螨;寄生虫一次净注射液0.04 ml(1mg)/体重剂量对初次感染绵羊痒螨病的绵羊一次给药即可治愈;对严重感染者间隔7～10 d再次给药具有良好的杀螨效果.     

寄生虫一次净注射液对绵羊疥螨病的治疗效果观察

应用寄生虫一次净注射液针剂,对自然感染绵羊疥螨病的38只病羊进行治疗效果试验,并设阳性对照组。结果:寄生虫一次净注射液治疗组绵羊在用药后2～3d,瘙痒症状明显减轻,用药后21d检查,未查到活的痒螨。试验表明,寄生虫一次净注射液0.04mL(1mg)/体重剂量对初次感染绵羊痒病的绵羊一次给药即可治愈;对严重感染着间隔7～10d再次给药具有良好的杀螨效果。     

伊维菌素注射剂对黄牛痒螨病的治疗效果观察

本次主要试验了伊维菌素注射剂对黄牛痒螨病的治疗效果。选择青海省兴海县1个牛养殖者自然感染痒螨的黄牛90头,设置试验组、常规治疗组和对照组。观察试验后试验组、常规治疗组和对照组的治疗效果。结果显示,试验组患病牛在使用伊维菌素注射剂治疗72~96h后,瘙痒症状好转,患病部位皮肤组织变软。连续用药2次,牛体表未检查到成活的痒螨。使用伊维菌素注射剂,对黄牛痒螨病具有很好的治疗效果,值得在临床治疗中进一步推广应用。     

害获灭注射剂对绵羊痒螨病的治疗效果观察

应用害获灭注射剂按0.2 mg/kg体重剂量皮下注射给药,对自然感染痒螨的病羊进行治疗效果观察,并设空白对照组.结果表明,对感染绵羊痒螨的病羊进行2次用药治疗,即第1次用药后间隔10 d进行第2次用药,可完全杀灭绵羊痒螨,治愈率达100%,对未感染羊进行预防注射,可阻止痒螨的传播.     

中西联合用药治疗羊螨病的方法

目的:探讨治疗羊螨病运用中西医联合用药的临床诊断价值.方法:选取180头在养殖场内患有羊螨病的绵羊,随机分为三组,每组各为60头,分别为对照组、试验1组、试验2组.将伊维菌素为试验1组的绵羊注射,并将驱虫散拌入到饲料中;将阿维菌素B和阿苯达哇的混合药为物试验2组的绵羊注射,并将驱虫散拌入饲料中.对照组绵羊不采取任何治疗措施.给药完成后3组绵羊分开饲养,在投药后的第7,30,40 d,对是否有虫体寄生在羊体表和头部进行观察,对3组绵羊的螨病治愈率和虫体转阴率进行观察.结果:试验组1羊螨病病采用伊维菌素联合驱虫散治疗.取得了显著的疗效,和试验组2和对照组绵羊相比,螨虫病治愈率和虫体转阴率均均显著增高,且P<0.05具有统计学意义.和对照组2组相比,试验组2的螨虫病治愈率和虫体转阴率均显著增高,且P<0.05,具有统计学意义.结论:羊螨病运用传统西药和复方中药联合治疗,临床效果非常显著.在使寄生虫的驱虫效果提升的同时,还可实现羊螨病运用中西联合投药的治疗效果.     

阿维菌素复方缓释制剂在绵羊寄生虫病防治中的应用

选择伊维菌素-丙硫咪唑复方片剂、伊维菌素-丙硫咪唑亚砜注射液和阿维菌素-丙硫咪唑亚砜复方长效油胶,对新疆阿克苏一群未进行驱虫和药浴的当年生羔羊进行试验。结果表明,复方片剂、伊维菌素-丙硫咪唑亚砜注射剂和阿维菌素-丙硫咪唑亚砜长效油胶在用药以后7 d就可以100%地杀灭发病绵羊的多种体内外寄生虫,第25天绵羊痒螨病的临床症状均已缓解或消除,并开始生长新毛。用药后40 d复方片剂组就出现了再感染现象,而阿维菌素-丙硫咪唑亚砜长效油胶组,维持100 d左右才出现肠道线虫感染,感染率为80%,但感染强度只是复方片剂组的10%,对绵羊疥癣可基本控制。     

伊维菌素注射治疗绵羊螨病的疗效观察

1999年 5月在红旗马场 ,我们采用伊维菌素注射治疗绵羊螨病 ,收到很好的效果。1　材料和方法药物采用由北京中农华威科技有限公司生产的含 0 .1%伊维菌素的伊力佳注射液。治疗绵羊 ,选自然感染的个体羊群的绵羊 2 0只 ,临床症状非常严重 ,有掉毛现象。给药绵羊 (18只 )按 0 .3ｍＬ/ｋｇ .ｂ .ｗ(含伊维菌素 0 .3ｍｇ)剂量股内侧皮下注射。 15ｄ后重复注射一次。对照组绵羊 (2只 )。2　治疗结果2 .1　临床变化　从第一次注射给药后 ,给药组的绵羊骚痒症状逐渐减轻 ,在第 5天时 ,严重的皮肤病变部位的痂皮开始松动脱落 ;第 10～ 2 0天时 ,所有…     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

Evaluation of serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism and results of radiography as indicators of severity of osteochondrosis in foals

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis.