增产菌对复种燕麦产草量影响的试验

采用拌种、喷洒和拌种+喷洒3种方法,对临夏县北塬灌区麦后复种燕麦草增产效果进行了初步研究。结果 表明,增产菌对麦后复种燕麦的增产效果极显著(p<0.01),最佳拌种量300 g/hm2,最佳喷洒量300 g/hm2,最佳处 理组合为300 g/hm2拌种+300 g/hm2喷洒。     

增产菌不同拌种量对燕麦几个经济性状的影响

用增产菌不同量进行拌种,结果表明,增产菌对燕麦分蘖数影响显著(P<0.05),对燕麦植株高度、茎叶比、鲜草产量影响极显著(P<0.01),最佳拌种量为300g/hm2。     

青莜麦双季栽培和麦茬复种技术的研究

青莜麦不同品种和播期的试验结果表明:第一季青莜麦比第二季晚熟品种的株高、叶面积系数均高;品种323和82的单季产草量达87544.5kg/hm2和85042.5kg/hm2,双季比单季增产68.0%~81.2%。麦茬复种青莜麦产草量达64500~67500kg/hm2;并以7月20日为最佳播种期,比其他播期增产38.9%~77.0%。品种323籽粒产量3789.8kg/hm2,比对照增产26.3%~66.7%,其粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量均比对照高;麦茬复种青莜麦比复种青玉米的粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量高。选用品种323和82进行双季栽培或麦茬复种青莜麦,可取得显著的经济、社会和生态效益。     

复种燕麦种子包衣对产草量的影响

在临夏新集灌区对燕麦Avena sativa种子进行包衣处理后复种.经测定,包衣组比未包衣组增产5 794 kg/hm2,青草产量提高22.96%,增产效果明显.     

增产菌对高寒地区燕麦产草量的增产效应

采用增产菌拌种,喷施２种方法的二因素随机区组设计,对燕麦草的增产效应进行了研究,研究结果,增产菌对燕麦的增产效果显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）,最佳拌种量３００ｇ／ｈｍ＾２,最佳喷施量为３００ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２拌种和喷施增产菌对燕麦的增产效果是相互独立的,拌种与喷施的交互作用不显著（Ｐ〉０．０５）,两者的增产效应是可加效应,最佳处理组合为３００ｇ／ｈｍ＾２拌种量＋３００ｇ／ｈｍ＾２喷施量。     

饲用黑麦与高丹草复种栽培技术研究

;2003～2005年在河北省农科院旱作所试验站内对饲用黑麦和高丹草复种栽培技术进行了研究,结果表明两者可以进行上下茬搭配,一年两作,形成了饲用黑麦与高丹草复种栽培种植模式.饲用黑麦刈割一次,高丹草刈割三次,全年共刈割四次,初步形成了河北低平原区能量型青鲜饲草的周年供应生产体系.饲用黑麦与高丹草复种栽培模式与吨粮田相比,生物产量是吨粮田的1.39倍,粗蛋白质产量是吨粮田的2.29倍,光能利用率及能量产出也均有较大幅度的提高;饲用黑麦和高丹草两茬的施肥量为:N 550kg/hm2、P2O5 300kg/hm2、K2O 300kg/hm2;灌溉较吨粮田节水600m2/hm2.     

施氮量对一年生黑麦草生长特性的影响

研究了不同施氮水平(0、100、200和300 kg/hm2,分别表示为N0、N100、N200和N300)对扬州地区一年生黑麦草产量、分蘖数、株高等生长特性及经济效益的影响.结果表明:施氮量为100,200和300kg/hm2时,黑麦草鲜草总产量分别比不施氮增产75%,146%和134%.当施氮量达到200 kg/h...     

松嫩平原苜蓿高产栽培技术研究

在松嫩平原,应用正交试验对苜蓿产量进行行距、灌水、施肥影响研究.结果表明,以30cm行距处理产草量最高,干草产量15389.66kg/hm2;灌水以3次和1次为好;施农家肥22500kg/hm2增产效果好于施磷酸二铵150kg/hm2和施复合肥150kg/hm2处理;施尿素112.5kg/hm2增产效果最佳,平均产干草14673.61kg/hm2;行距30cm、灌水3次、施磷酸二铵150kg/hm2、施氮肥112.5kg/hm2处理产干草19395.83kg/hm2,极显著高于其它处理.     

氮添加对科尔沁沙地羊草产量及氮肥利用效率的影响

为了探讨不同施氮水平对沙地羊草草产量、土壤全氮变化及羊草对氮肥利用率的影响,设置了0(CK)、100、200、300、400 kg/hm2的施氮(纯氮)量.结果 表明:随着施氮水平的提高,羊草产量呈先增加后平稳的趋势,309.66 kg/hm2施氮量草产量最高,羊草干草产量与施氮量的回归方程为y=--0.073x2 +45.21x+3808;羊草植株粗蛋白含量随着施氮水平的增加呈增加趋势,300 kg/hm2处理水平氮肥利用率最高;羊草生育期内土壤全氮含量、氮肥贡献率、氮肥吸收利用率与其产量呈显著正相关.施氮肥会提高羊草干草粗蛋白水平,施氮水平的高低决定土壤残留氮素的多少.施入309.66 kg/hm2氮时羊草干草产量最高,可以作为科尔沁沙地人工羊草草地的最佳施肥量.     

两种除草剂混配在燕麦田的应用效果研究

为了筛选安全高效的燕麦田除草剂,选用50%二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂和40%二甲·辛酰溴乳油两种除草剂,以不同浓度混配后施于燕麦田,研究其对燕麦田杂草的防除效果以及对燕麦安全性和产量的影响。结果表明:不同处理对杂草的防效差异显著(P0.05),混配处理的防效平均在75%,高于各单剂处理。药后15d40%二甲·辛酰溴乳油和50%二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂混配处理(1 400mL/hm2+225g/hm2)的株防效最高,为86.23%。药后30d的防效同样以40%二甲·辛酰溴乳油和50%二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂混配处理(1 400mL/hm2+225g/hm2)的最高,其鲜重防效可达到98.81%。40%二甲·辛酰溴乳油和50%二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂混配处理(1 400mL/hm2+225g/hm2)还能显著提高燕麦干草产量,与对照相比可增产16.4%,达到10 404kg/hm2。籽粒产量以40%二甲·辛酰溴乳油和50%二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂(700mL/hm2+225g/hm2)处理最高,为2 564.27kg/hm2,相比对照增产37.4%。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.