Über die Ursachen und Kriterien der Immissionsresistenz bei Fichte,Picea abies (L.) Karst1

Causes and criteria of resistance to air pollution in Norway spruce. 1. Morphological and anatomical resistance. Pollution resistance of selected visibly resistant clones is not due to environmental causes or to length of the growing season. Between the resistant and other clones there are significant differences in morphology and anatomy of the needles. The average length, width and weight of the needles of resistant spruce grafts arc greater than those of none resistant. The resistant grafts have more stomata and, at least in winter, lower permeability of needle tissue to gases.     

Über die Ursachen und Kriterien der Immissionsresistenz bei Fichte,Picea abies (L.) Karst

Causes and criteria of resistancë to air pollution in Norway spruce. 3. Tolerance of toxic materials (“internal” resistance). Comparing relatively resistant and not resistant Norway spruce clones, an attempt was made to find differences by investigating the relation of needle colour and absorption of sulfur, needle pH-value and buffer capacity, sulphur distribution within several of their needle components and within the total plant, the ratio of organically fixed sulfur to total sulfur content of noedles, and content of sulfhydril groups, protein and chlorophyll of needles. Significant differences were shown only in buffer capacity of unfumigated needles, and in thc propornon of organically fixed sulfur before and after SO₂ fumigation.     

Über die Ursachen und Kriterien der Immissionsresistenz bei Fichte,Picea abies (L.) Karst.

Causes and critcria of resistance to air pollution in Norway spruce. II. Reflexive resistance . The different reactions of stomata of resistant and “normal” spruce grafts were investigated. Resistant grafts were shown to have a more sensitive reaction by measuring water potentials and by analyzing S content in SO₂ fumigated needles or F contents in grafts exposed to polluted air. Other tcsts involving gas permeability of stomata, clecrrical conductivity of needle cxtracts and watcr content of SO₂ fumigated needles were less effective.     

Beziehungen zwischen dem Standort und der Kernfäule-Disposition der Fichte (Picea abies Karst.)

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Über die Infektion von Fichtenwurzeln (Picea abies Karst.) durch Forties annosus (Fr.) Cke.

Infection of roots of spruce (Picea abies Karst.) by Fomes annosus present in the soil. 108 roots of spruce were severed at approximately 50 cm from the base of the tree. The resulting wounds were invaded by Fomes annosus originating as mycelium or basidiospores in the soil. Infection rate on limestone soils was 41 %, on other soils 10 %. Odontia bicolor also grew into spruce roots from the soil.     

Eine Methode zur Prüfung der Anfälligkeit und Ausbreitungsresistenz der Fichte (Picea abies Karst.) gegenüber dem Wurzelschwamm Fomes annosus (Fr.) Cooke1

A method for examining Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) for susceptibility and resistance to the spread of Fomes annosus (Fr.) Cooke . An easily applied method is described for determining the results of infections and the reactions of young Norway spruce to Fomes annosus. By the use of genetically homogeneous material, e. g. clonal plants, the importance of environmental factors such as nutrient supply and also the varying virulence of different fungal strains can be studied.     

Der Wurzelschwamm (Fomes annosus) und die Rotfäule der Fichte (Picea abies)

Ohne Zusammenfassung