宁波地区多年生观赏草观赏价值和适应性评价

以植株长势、观赏性、花序美感、叶片颜色及成活率等作为观赏价值评价指标,以抗旱性、抗寒性、抗病虫、耐热、耐涝及土壤要求等生态适应性为评价指标,利用灰色关联分析,分别对宁波地区13种多年生观赏草品种的夏季、秋季和冬季的景观效果和适应性进行了综合评价。结果表明：蒲苇和矮蒲苇抗逆性较强,四季均能产生优良的景观效果。金线菖蒲和金...     

四翅滨藜饲料营养价值的综合评价及开发利用

通过对四翅滨藜饲料营养成分的测定分析和综合评价,以及对其适应性、生长情况等方面的调查研究,认为四翅滨藜是一种生长迅速、适应性强、营养丰富的优良生态饲料灌木树种.针对干旱荒漠区的自然条件及四翅滨藜的引种现状,对四翅滨藜的发展提出了建议.     

丰选等23个家蚕品种对人工饲料育的适应性研究

为探究广东省蚕业技术推广中心保存或培育的部分家蚕品种的人工饲料育适应性,以丰选、932、芙蓉、RC-1、RC-12、RC-32、RC-33、SLC-12、SLC-18、SLC-19、5457、7玉、7532、湘晖、RJ-15、RJ-19、RJ-31、RJ-32、RJ-33、RJ-34、SLJ-09、SLJ-14、SLJ-15等23个实用型家蚕品种为材料,采用桑叶粉含量约35%的人工饲料在1~2龄进行试验,调查了24 h疏毛率、眠蚕体质量、起蚕率和存活率等指标,并通过加权计算得到各家蚕品种人工饲料育的综合适应性评价分数。结果表明:两广二号4个母种对人工饲料育的综合适应性处于中等偏上水平,与之前的相关研究结果一致;单一的疏毛率指标对人工饲料育适应性评价具有局限性,不断完善规范各项调查指标对今后开展家蚕人工饲料适应性系统选育和评价具有重要意义;此次调查中,人工饲料育适应性较好的家蚕品种有中系RC-32、丰选和日系RJ-19、RJ-15、RJ-31等,这些品种是下一步进行定向选育人工饲料专用品种较理想的育种材料。     

四川主要野生观赏草

观赏草作为一类新型的植物造景材料,目前尚未引起国人的足够重视。本文对四川重要的16种野生观赏草的形态特征、生态特性、培育特点及利用途径进行了简要介绍。由于这些观赏草具有广泛的生态适应性,因而富有广阔的园林应用前景。     

四川主要野生观赏草

观赏草作为一类新型的植物造景材料,目前尚未引起国人的足够重视.本文对四川重要的16种野生观赏草的形态特征、生态特性、培育特点及利用途径进行了简要介绍.由于这些观赏草具有广泛的生态适应性,因而富有广阔的园林应用前景.     

基于AHP的黄土高原乡土地被植物评价体系的建立与应用

以充分发掘黄土高原地区乡土地被植物为目标，采用层次分析法(Analytic hierarchy process，AHP)构建了乡土地被植物综合评价体系，运用该体系对兰州野生地被植物进行了评价。结果显示，该体系中指标权重值的排序为生态适应性＞园艺学特性＞园林观赏性＞开发新颖性，生态适应性最为重要，符合黄土高原地区生态环境特点和绿化需求；在兰州市共调查采集到乡土地被植物70种，其中开发利用价值高的有草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis)、芨芨草(Achnatherum splendens)等共13种；地被特性较好、可适度开发的有细叶鸢尾(Iris tenuifolia)等共31种;开发利用价值一般的有甘青铁线莲(Clematis tangutica)等共14种；三裂绣线菊(Spiraea trilobata)等12种植物对生境要求严格，繁殖难度大，不适宜在兰州市作地被应用。该评价体系把定性判断和定量判断相结合，能准确、快速反映乡土地被植物资源特点，可为黄土高原地区开发利用乡土植物提供参考。     

平潭岛野生观赏草资源的评价及开发应用

观赏草因具有优良的生态性和特有的观赏性,近年来成为重要的园林绿化材料。本研究通过对平潭岛野生观赏草的调查,采用灰色关联度分析法对其进行综合评价。结果表明,1)平潭岛观赏草隶属于5科50属77种。2)生态适应性广,原生境以山坡草地及疏林灌木为主,占总数55.84%;抗性强,耐干旱占总数45.45%、耐水湿占总数31.17%、部分耐盐碱及抗风;观赏价值高,评价得分均≥2。3)参评的77种观赏草中与理想种的关联度≥0.6有66种,均有开发利用潜力;与理想种的关联度≥0.7有19种,均具有较高的观赏性和适应性;与理想种关联度≥0.8有5种,分别是芒(Miscanthus sinensis)、五节芒(Miscanthus floridulus)、甜根子草(Saccharum spontaneum)、野百合(Lilium brownii)和间型沿阶草(Ophiopogon intermedius),可考虑直接用于园林绿化。     

兰州地区森林旅游资源质量评价模型的研究

以兰州地区所有的森林公园为研究对象，通过现场评价及全面调查资料，建立了兰州地区森林旅游资源质量评价模型，利用得出的相关矩阵和偏相关系数分析各指标要素对森林公署客流量，旅游总收入的相对贡献大小。结果表明，在兰州地区对森林公园客流量贡献最大的指标是人文景观，森林覆盖率和水体，对旅游总收入贡献最大的指标是人文景观，其次为森林覆盖率，旅游设施，水体，贡献最小的山体。     

若干蚕品种对人工饲料育的适应性研究

本试验比较了30个家蚕品种对人工饲料育的适应性.通过调查各品种的疏毛率、眠蚕体重、起蚕率和存活率等指标,得出了各品种对人工饲料育的综合适应性指数.与疏毛率等单项指标相比,利用综合适应性指数能够更全面、准确地反映出品种间对人工饲料育的适应性差异.     

桑树在生态修复和园林绿化中的应用情况概述

桑树兼具经济价值和生态价值,除作为家蚕的饲料树种外,也是适合生态修护和园林绿化的树种.从桑树在三峡库区消落带生态修复以及园林景观、观赏盆景和观光旅游采摘园等方面的应用,简述了重庆地区的桑树多元化开发利用途径.     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。