2012年鸡重要疫病的流行动态分析

文章结合临床观察、流行病学调查和实验室检测与分析,对2011年出现新变化并可能在2012年对养禽生产造成影响的部分重要的鸡疫病进行了流行动态分析和预测,仅供广大养禽业者及相关研究人员参考。     

2010年鸡重要疫病的流行动态分析

本文结合实验室检测、现场调查、主要疫病的实验室深入研究,对2009年出现新变化并可能在2010年对养禽生产造成影响的某些重要的鸡疫病进行了流行动态分析与预测,供广大养禽业者及相关研究人员参考.     

目前我国禽病的发生与流行特点及防治对策

1、当前禽病发生和流行特点。1.1、禽病防治的总体形势随着我国养禽单位的增多,经营规模的扩大,禽及产品市场经济的发展,给禽病发生流行造成有利条件,其次,养禽生产的经营主体多元化,一些养禽单位和个人盲目扩大生产,外出引种,片面追求一时的经济效益,忽视养禽的防疫工作;特别是农村的个体养殖户,普遍忽视养禽的防治工作;另外,我国动物医学基础研究薄弱,技术储备不够,防疫,检疫网络系统不够完善,基层防疫队伍不稳定,缺乏大规模控制疫病的手段和经验.旧病未除,新病又来,不能适应养禽的发展.     

2007鸡重要疫病的流行动态分析（摘要）

通过对2006年鸡重要疫病的跟踪调查并结合实验室检测和相关研究情况，对2007年需特别关注鸡重要疫病的流行动态进行了分析和预测。     

兽医领域国家重点实验室

为可从事高致病性禽流感实验活动的实验室： 1．中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所生物安全三级实验室 2．中国动物卫生与流行病学中心国家外来动物疫病诊断中心ABSL-3实验室 3．华南农业大学农业部养禽与禽病防治重点开放实验室生物安全三级实验室     

2007年鸡重要疫病流行动态分析

通过2006年的跟踪调查,综合实验室检测和相关研究,对2007年需特别关注的鸡疫病流行动态进行分析和预测。流行动态是发展的,近期有些主要疫病变化发生频率较快,因此必须用发展的眼光对待动态分析和预测。     

我国猪群疫病流行动态分析

通过流行病学调查与实验室检测分析,认为2016年我国猪群疫病总体平稳,流行强度保持着连续四年持续下降的态势.临床常见疫病有8种,主要疫病群流行率呈下降趋势;不同区域以及不同规模养殖场的疫病流行状况存在一定差异;临床健康猪群带毒率虽持续下降,但仍然偏高.结合以往调查监测数据与疫病的流行病学特点,提出2017年我国猪群疫病流行动态预警.     

2009年鸡重要疫病的流行动态分析

通过实验室大量样本检测,结合现场调查、病原分离、必要的生物学特性及分子生物学研究,在2008年禽病流行动态分析及研究基础上,对2009年需重点关注的疫病提出流行预测及分析,供广大养禽业者及相关研究人员参考.     

山东省种鸡场养殖现状调查分析

《国家中长期动物疫病防治规划》(2012~2020年)将种禽场疫病净化列为重点工作之一。山东省是养禽大省,连续20余年养禽量居全国首位,山东省拥有多家祖代禽场。祖代禽场的疫病状况直接影响全省甚至全国父母代禽及商品代禽的健康状况,因此,山东省种禽场疫病净化尤其重要。为了进行种禽场疫病净化,课题组对山东省种鸡场养殖现状进行了调查,调查内容包括养殖现状、疫病监测、疫病防控以及对疫病净化的认识和开展情况等内容。     

2005年度中国主要禽病的实验室检测特点及其流行动态分析

我们在大量实验室监测的基础上,对2005年度中国主要禽病的实验室监测特点、流行动态和今后动向进行了分析预测,仅供广大研究人员和养鸡生产者借鉴和参考。本文着重对2005年度有明显流行变化、已经形成生产问题因而在2006年度需要特别关注的疫病进行了分析预测。12005年疫病流行     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.