新促孕液及其加味方和组分药对家兔离体子宫运动的影响

本研究利用多道生理信号采集处理系统测定了新促孕液(NFPL)和3个加味方及其组分药对家兔离体子宫运动的影响。结果表明,益母草、硼砂、丹参和黄柏均能显著增加子宫收缩波幅,元明粉和黄芩显著降低其波幅;元明粉、红花和黄芩均能显著增加子宫收缩频率,益母草、丹参、淫羊藿和硼砂均能显著降低其频率,并表现一定的量效关系。NFPL和方1均能显著增加子宫收缩波幅、降低其频率;方2在中、高浓度时能显著增加子宫收缩波幅,低浓度时能显著增加其频率;方3在低浓度时能显著降低子宫收缩波幅、中浓度时显著降低其频率。这些结果可为进一步改进NFPL组方的科学性和提高其防治效果提供理论依据。     

新型促孕灌注对母猪子宫内膜炎及促孕效果观察

应用新型中药促孕灌注液对连云港禽蛋开发中猪场经产母猪进行产后子宫内膜炎的治疗和预防实验,同时观察其促孕效果,治疗结果表明,新促孕液对子宫内膜炎有较好的疗效,且比常规用西药治疗疗程缩短,省时省力省钱;预防实验结果显示,该药能明显降低子宫内为的发病率,显著缩短母猪产后至发情的间隔时间,具有显著的催情促孕效果。     

母猪子宫孕角变位的诊治

2000年6月姜堰市张甸镇村民李某饲养一头老母猪，体重150kg左右，已经怀孕3个多月。该老母猪肚腹较大，平时吃食量多。有一天李某进猪舍查看情况时，突然发现母猪站立在猪圈里神情不安，频频用力努责，只见母猪阴户红肿微微张开，有一红色东西显露并堵在阴门处。李某急忙找来乡镇兽医，当地兽医看后建议转诊送来我校兽医院诊治。     

母猪子宫孕角变位的诊治

2000年6月，姜堰市张甸镇村民李某饲养一头老母猪，体重150kg左右，已经怀孕3个多月，该老母猪肚腹较大，平时食量大。一天突然发现母猪站立在猪圈里神情不安，频频用力努责，母猪阴户红肿且微微张开,有一红色东西显露并堵住在阴门外。转诊来我校兽医院诊治。     

母猪子宫孕角变位的诊治

1临床症状病母猪精神沉郁,两后肢叉开,频频努责,有少量的尿液滴出。阴部红肿,并见一红色半圆形物堵在阴户口。触摸检查,发现隔着阴道壁有一硬物,轻轻刺激,硬物动了一、二下,过一会儿硬物又动了几下。检查老母猪乳头,发现已能挤出少量的奶汁,结合配种时间得知离分娩时间约差3～4d。由此疑为子宫角和胎儿移位进入骨盆腔内。将患猪左侧卧保定手术床上,并将后躯抬高,用双手由耻骨前缘向前推压,感触到腹底壁紧张,腹压很高。经数次用力推压,都不能使变位的子宫角恢复原位,因此决定施剖腹术治疗。2手术治疗术部按常规清洗,剃毛和消毒,1%普鲁卡因溶…     

鸡局部黏膜免疫系统对细菌感染的IgA反应

黏膜免疫是区别于全身免疫的一种局部免疫系统。黏膜免疫的基础是机体存在着完整普遍的黏膜免疫系统。黏膜免疫系统在抵抗感染方面起着十分重要的作用，黏膜表面与外界抗原直接接触，是机体抵抗感染的第一道防线。多数病原微生物对机体的感染都是从局部感染开始的，其感染动物机体的主要途径是消化道、呼吸道等黏膜系统，     

Characterization of local and peripheral immune system in pregnant and nonpregnant ewes

Modulation of the immune system is known to be important for successful pregnancy but how immune function might differ between the lymph nodes draining the reproductive tract and peripheral lymph nodes is not well understood. Additionally, if immune system changes in response to the presence of an embryo during early pregnancy, and if this response differs in local versus peripheral immune tissue, has not been well characterized. To address these questions, we examined expression of genes important for immune function using NanoString technology in the ampulla and isthmus of the oviduct, endometrium, lymph nodes draining the reproductive tract (lumbo-aortic and medial iliac) as well as a peripheral lymph node (axillary), the spleen, and circulating immune cells from ewes on day 5 of the estrous cycle or pregnancy. Concentrations of estradiol and progesterone in plasma were also determined. Principal component analysis revealed separation of the local from the peripheral lymph nodes (MANOVA P = 3.245e-08, R² = 0.3) as well as separation of tissues from pregnant and nonpregnant animals [lymph nodes (MANOVA P = 2.337e-09, R² = 0.5), reproductive tissues (MANOVA P = 2.417e-14, R² = 0.47)]. Nine genes were differentially (FDR < 0.10) expressed between lymph node types, with clear difference in expression of these genes between the lumbo-aortic and axillary lymph nodes. Expression of these genes in the medial iliac lymph node was not consistently different to either the axillary or the lumbo-aortic lymph node. Expression of IL10RB was increased (FDR < 0.05) by 24% in the reproductive tissue of the pregnant animals compared to nonpregnant animals. Analysis of gene categories revealed that expression of genes of the T-cell receptor pathway in reproductive tract tissues was associated (P < 0.05) with pregnancy status. In conclusion, assessment of gene expression of reproductive and immune tissue provides evidence for a specialization of the local immune system around the reproductive tract potentially important for successful establishment of pregnancy. Additionally, differences in gene expression patterns in reproductive tissue from pregnant and nonpregnant animals could be discerned as early as day 5 of pregnancy. This was found to be associated with expression of genes important for T-cell function and thus highlights the important role of these cells in early pregnancy.     

免疫增强剂对IBD疫苗免疫雏鸡局部黏膜免疫功能的影响

分别将免疫增强剂“禽福”和“Inmunair”与鸡传染性法氏囊病（IBD）中等毒力活疫苗配合使用,检测免疫雏鸡哈德尔氏腺和盲肠扁桃体T细胞及IgA、IgM和IgG抗体生成细胞数量。泪液、气管液、胆汁、肠液中免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA含量的动态变化,结果发现,应用免疫增强剂IBD疫苗免疫雏鸡上述局部免疫组织及四种局部体液的相应各项免疫检测指标均较IBD疫苗单独免疫雏鸡不同程度地增高,表明免疫增强剂与疫苗联合应用,能显著提高疫苗免疫雏鸡眼部、呼吸道和消化道局部黏膜免疫功能;而IBD强毒攻击后,疫苗单独免疫雏鸡上述指标明显低于应用免疫增强剂的疫苗免疫雏鸡,同时。后者对IBD强毒攻击的有效抵抗力明显高于前者。     

植物多糖对动物免疫细胞的影响及调节机制研究进展

植物多糖是由10个或10个以上单糖聚合而成的大分子物质,是一类重要的生物活性天然产物,具有无毒副作用、来源广泛等特点,在调节动物机体免疫系统、预防疾病方面具有极高的利用价值.文章综述植物多糖对动物巨噬细胞、T淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞和树突状细胞的影响及其可能的作用机制,为植物多糖在动物生产中的应用提供参考.     

微生态制剂对肉鸡代谢和免疫系统的影响

本研究旨在观察一种由多种有益菌组成的微生态制剂（主要成分为乳酸杆菌和芽孢杆菌等）通过饮水摄入以后,对鸡舍氨气浓度,肉鸡血清中血氨、血清尿酸、总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白含量和免疫系统的影响。选用240只1日龄AA肉鸡,按试验需求随机分成4个试验组,即对照组、试验1组、试验2组和试验3组。每个试验组3次重复,每次重复20只。从1日龄开始,对照组按正常饮水,其余各组均在饮水中添加该液态微生态制剂,添加量分别为试验1组0.3%,试验2组0.6%,试验3组1.2%。结果表明,试验2组在第6周可显著降低鸡舍内的氨气浓度（P〈0.05）。各试验组血清总蛋白、球蛋白含量均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。试验1组肉鸡免疫后的抗体水平显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结果提示,适量添加该微生态制剂能在一定程度上降低鸡舍氨气浓度,使机体血液中总蛋白、球蛋白含量升高。同时可以增强机体体液免疫能力,但对细胞免疫的影响效果不显著。     

鱼类免疫系统的研究进展

免疫系统是指机体识别自身和非自身物质以抵御病害生物入侵和感染的一个防御系统,它的主要功能是防御和维护自身的稳定。鱼类的免疫系统主要包括：免疫组织和器官、细胞免疫、体液免疫因子三大类。本文就鱼类免疫系统的三个方面及与免疫系统有关的黏膜免疫、营养免疫等方面作一概述。     

动物黏膜免疫与细胞因子的研究进展

黏膜免疫系统是机体抵抗病原微生物的第一道防线,而黏膜相关趋化性细胞因子在生理病理过程中也发挥重要作用,其对研究黏膜免疫系统的特殊功能和独特性质具有重要意义.本文概述了黏膜免疫的特点、机制、途径及与之相关的几类重要的细胞因子.     

鸡贫血病雏鸡ND免疫后局部免疫组织抗体生成细胞变化

对感染鸡贫血病毒（ＣＡＶ）雏鸡新城疫（ＮＤ）疫苗免疫及其强毒攻击后局部免疫组织——盲肠扁桃体和哈德尔腺的ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ和ＩｇＭ抗体生成细胞数量的动态变化进行了检测。结果发现,ＣＡＶ感染雏鸡ＮＤ免疫后７、１４、２８ｄ及新城疫强毒（ｖＮＤＶ）攻击后,上述免疫组织的三种抗体生成细胞数量均不同程度地低于未感染ＣＡＶ的ＮＤ免疫对照雏鸡。其中盲肠扁桃体弥散区的ＩｇＡ减少最为明显。表明ＣＡＶ感染雏鸡消化道和呼吸道局部免疫组织对新城疫疫苗的体液免疫应答功能降低。新城疫强毒攻击后ＣＡＶ感染ＮＤ免疫雏鸡的免疫保护率也明显低于未感染ＣＡＶ的免疫对照雏鸡。     

The effects of an advanced uterine environment on embryonic survival in the mare

Reasons for performing the study: During embryo transfer (ET) the equine embryo can tolerate a wide degree of negative asynchrony but positive asynchrony of >2 days usually results in embryonic death. There is still confusion over whether this is due to the inability of the embryo to induce luteostasis or to an inappropriate uterine environment. Objectives: To assess embryo survival and development in an advanced uterine environment. Hypothesis: Embryo–uterine asynchrony, not the embryo's inability to induce luteostasis, is responsible for embryonic death in recipient mares with a >2 days chronologically advanced uterus. Methods: Experiment 1: Thirteen Day 7 embryos were transferred to the uteri of recipient mares with luteal prolongation, occasioned by manual crushing of their own conceptus, such that donor–recipient asynchrony was between +13 and +49 days. Experiment 2: Day 7 embryos were transferred to recipient mares carrying their own conceptus at Days 18 (n = 2), 15 (n = 2), 14 (n = 4), 12 (n = 4) or 11 (n = 4) of gestation. In addition, Day 8 embryos were transferred to 4 pregnant recipient mares on Day 11 of gestation. Results: No pregnancies resulted following transfer of Day 7 embryos to recipients in prolonged dioestrus with asynchronies between +13 and +49 days. However, the use of early pregnant mares as recipients resulted in 5/20 (25%) twin pregnancies, 4 of which came from the transfer of a Day 8 embryo to a Day 11 recipient. All transferred embryos showed retarded growth, with death occurring in 4/5 (80%). Conclusions and potential relevance: The results emphasise the importance of an appropriate uterine environment for embryo growth and the inability of equine embryos to survive transfer to a uterus >2 days advanced even when luteostasis is achieved. It is possible that in normal, non‐ET equine pregnancy, embryo–uterine asynchrony may account for some cases of embryonic death.     

葡聚糖对水生动物免疫功能的影响

葡聚糖作为一种免疫增强剂可以通过增强细胞的吞噬作用和增强免疫相关酶的活性来提高水生动物的非特异性免疫性能,提高抗病能力,其在水生动物的免疫系统上起着重要的作用。本文对葡聚糖对水生动物免疫功能的影响作一综述。     

刺参免疫系统及其免疫增强剂评价指标的研究进展

本文对棘皮动物的免疫系统和机制,以及不同免疫增强剂对棘皮动物免疫反应的影响进行了综述,旨在为今后开发刺参免疫增强剂,评定刺参免疫力,防治其病害提供参考。