稀释液中添加还原型谷胱甘肽对猪精液液态保存效果的影响

为了研究还原型谷胱甘肽对猪精液液态保存效果的影响,实验通过在稀释液中分别添加不同浓度的还原型谷胱甘肽,研究了它对猪精液液态保存后的精子活力、顶体完整率、质膜完整率、DNA损伤率、体外受精卵裂率及囊胚率等影响。结果表明,向稀释液中添加1 mmol/L,5 mmol/L,10 mmol/L GSH均能显著提高精子保存质量。其中添加1 mmol/L还原型谷胱甘肽效果最好,10 mmol/L效果较差,但大部分指标仍显著高于对照组。证实了稀释液中添加还原型谷胱甘肽有助于提高液态保存猪精液的质量。     

谷胱甘肽对猪精液常温保存效果的影响

为研究谷胱甘肽(GSH)对猪精液常温保存效果的影响,在基础稀释粉Modena中加入0、1、5、10和15 mmol/L的GSH,每隔24h观察精子活率,统计精子有效保存时间,检测精液中丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢(H2O2)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力,分析GSH对猪精液常温保存效果的影响。结果表明,猪精液稀释中加入1 mmol/L和5 mmol/L GSH精子有效保存时间无明显差异(P0.05),精子有效保存时间为5 d,但是精子活率分别为0.607和0.630,且差异显著(P0.05);加入1 mmol/L的GSH能够减少精子的氧化损伤,明显降低精液中MDA、H2O2含量(P0.05),显著提高精液SOD活力(P0.05)。因此,稀释液中加入GSH可以提高猪精液常温保存品质,延长有效保存时间,GSH添加量为1 mmol/L。     

谷胱甘肽对杜洛克猪精子冷冻保存效果的影响

为了探讨冷冻保存Ⅰ液中添加不同浓度谷胱甘肽(GSH)对杜洛克公猪精子冷冻保存效果的影响,试验将冷冻-解冻处理的精液分为6组,分别为对照组(冷冻保存Ⅰ液)和试验组(分别在冷冻保存Ⅰ液中添加1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0 mmol/L的GSH),在液氮中保存,然后检测精子活力、运动参数、质膜完整率、顶体完整率、线粒体活性,活性氧(ROS)水平,丙二醛(MDA)和ATP含量,以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性,以此来评价解冻后的精液品质。结果表明：与对照组相比,除GSH添加浓度为3.0 mmol/L时精子活力降低外,其他添加浓度精子活力均提高,其中添加浓度为2.5 mmol/L时提高最显著(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,GSH添加浓度为2.5 mmol/L时猪精子在解冻后各项运动参数均显著提高(P<0.05),添加浓度为2.0,3.0 mmol/L时对猪精子部分运动参数也有一定提高,而添加浓度为1.0 mmol/L时各项运动参数降低。与对照组相比,添加不同浓度GSH时精子质膜完整率、顶体完整率、线粒体活性均提高,其中...     

不同稀释液中添加十二烷基硫酸钠对吐鲁番黑羊精液冷冻保存的影响

为改善吐鲁番黑羊精液的冷冻保存效果,提高精液冻后的精子活率,本实验在3种精液冷冻稀释液中添加不同浓度(0、1%、2%)的十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),TrⅠs-葡萄糖-柠檬酸钠为Ⅰ液,蔗糖-葡糖糖-柠檬酸钠为Ⅱ液,OptⅠdyl稀释液做对照为Ⅲ液。熏蒸冷冻后解冻,用精子分析系统(CASA)和流式细胞仪检测冷冻效果。结果表明:Ⅰ液1%SDS组精子活率最高(65.4%),与Ⅰ液2%SDS组精子活率没有差异,高于其他7组(P<0.05);Ⅲ液1%SDS组畸形率(9.4%)低于Ⅱ液0%SDS组、Ⅱ液2%SDS组和Ⅲ液2%SDS组(P<0.05);Ⅰ液1%SDS组直线运动速率(51.4μm/s)高于Ⅰ液0%SDS组、Ⅱ液2%SDS组和Ⅲ液0%SDS组(P<0.05);Ⅰ液1%SDS组和Ⅲ液1%SDS组的质膜完整率高于Ⅰ液2%SDS组和Ⅱ液1%SDS组(P<0.05),且Ⅰ液1%SDS组最高;Ⅰ液1%SDS组的顶体完整活精子比率高于Ⅱ液1%SDS组(P<0.05),各组的活精子顶体完整率无显著差异;Ⅰ液1%SDS组高线粒体膜电位比率(43.0%)高于Ⅱ液1%SDS组(P<0.05)。因此,采用添加1%SDS的Tris-葡萄糖-柠檬酸钠稀释液配方显著提高了吐鲁番黑羊精液冷冻保存效果。     

水牛冷冻精液稀释液中添加SOD、GSH对精子品质的影响

试验对在水牛精液稀释液中加入SOD和GSH对水牛精子活率、顶体完整率、体外受精卵母细胞分裂率、囊胚率和孵化率的影响进行比较研究。300IU／ml SOD结合1．0mM GSH效果要好于单独添加3001U／ml SOD和1．0mM GSH,提高精子的活率和存活时间显著（P〈0．05）,在分裂率和囊胚的孵化率方面也明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。从试验结果可以看出SOD和GSH都能明显减缓水牛精子的死亡时间。且SOD与GSH组合在减缓水牛精子的死亡速度方面效果更为明显。     

冷冻稀释液和抗氧化剂对金华猪精液冷冻效果的影响

为了探究不同冷冻稀释液及抗氧化剂对金华猪精液冷冻效果的影响,试验通过手握法采集健康的20月龄纯种金华猪公猪精液,采用两种常用的商品冷冻稀释液(A、B)稀释精液,然后液氮冻存1 d,解冻后测定精液精子活力、顶体完整率和质膜完整率指标,筛选最适金华猪精液冷冻保存的稀释液;在最适冷冻稀释液中添加20,30,40,50μmol/L表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate, EGCG),以未添加EGCG和上述添加EGCG的冷冻稀释液稀释金华猪精液,然后液氮冷冻保存精液1 d,解冻后测定精液精子活力、顶体完整率、质膜完整率及抗氧化指标[包括活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)活性],筛选EGCG的最适添加量。结果表明：两种商品冷冻稀释液的精子活力、顶体完整率、质膜完整率差异不显著(P>0.05),但考虑到价格成本,选择B冷冻稀释液作为后续试验的冷冻稀释液。随着EG...     

谷胱甘肽对湖羊精液低温保存效果的影响

为探究谷胱甘肽(GSH)对湖羊精液低温保存效果的影响,在基础稀释液中分别添加了0(对照组)、2、4、8、10 mM的GSH,在4℃保存过程中对精子的活率、活力及直线速率等运动性能指标进行了检测.结果表明,与对照组相比,在保存1～3 d时,4～8 mM的GSH显著提高了精子活率(P<0.05),10 mM的GSH对精子活...     

褪黑素、谷胱甘肽对猪精液冷冻保存效果的影响

本试验旨在研究褪黑素、谷胱甘肽两种抗氧化剂对精子冷冻的保护效应。以成年杜洛克公猪为研究对象,在猪精液冷冻稀释液中先后单独、联合添加褪黑素、谷胱甘肽,解冻后精子质量通过检测活率、活力、顶体完整性、线粒体活性以及活性氧（ROS）含量来判定。结果表明：分别单独添加0.25mg/mL褪黑素、5mmol/L谷胱甘肽,或联合添加0.125mg/mL褪黑素和1mmol/L谷胱甘肽,均能减少精液冷冻过程中ROS的生成,显著提高冷冻精子解冻后的质量（P〈0.05）,其中联合添加效果显著优于单独添加效果。     

温度和稀释液对猪精液保存效果的影响

为了提高猪精液的保存效果,对不同温度和稀释液环境条件下猪精液活力的影响展开综述．以分析探讨保存猪精液最佳的温度和稀释液的环境条件。     

谷胱甘肽对犬精液冷冻保存效果的影响

为探讨在冷冻稀释液中添加谷胱甘肽（GSH）对犬精液冷冻保存效果的影响,采用按摩法采集5只杂种土犬的精液,离心去精清后,在冷冻液中分别加入0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5 mmol/L的GSH,制成0.25 mL的冻精进行冷冻保存,以不添加GSH的处理组作为对照组。解冻后在含有5% CO₂的空气、37 ℃、相对饱和湿度条件下孵育10 h,分别在孵育0、2、4、6、8、10 h时检查精子活力。结果显示：冻融后0 h,0.5、1.0 mmol/L GSH处理组的精子活力较高,分别为0.36和0.38,均显著（P<0.05）高于对照组和2.0、2.5 mmol/L处理组,且两者之间差异不显著（P>0.05）;1.0 mmol/L处理组的精子顶体完整率最高,为85.10%,显著（P<0.05）高于对照组,同时,其精子畸形率最低,为23.00%,显著（P<0.05）低于对照组。冻融后体外孵育2、4 h时,0.5、1.0 mmol/L处理组的精子活力均较高,其中,0.5 mmol/L处理组在体外孵育4 h时,其精子活力仍可达到0.30;孵育6 h时,1.0 mmol/L处理组精子活力最高,显著（P<0.05）高于对照组和2.0、2.5 mmol/L处理组;孵育8 h时,各GSH处理组的精子活力均显著（P<0.05）高于对照组;在孵育至10 h时,各GSH处理组的精子活力较其他孵育时间均有较大幅度的下降,未检测到对照组中有呈直线运动的精子。综上提示,在犬精液冷冻液中添加0.5~1.0 mmol/L的GSH能够显著提高冻融后的精子质量和体外存活时间。     

Effect of nicotinic acid on the plasma membrane function and polyunsaturated fatty acids composition during cryopreservation in boar sperm

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of nicotinic acid on plasma membrane integrity and fatty acid composition in frozen–thawed boar sperm. Boar semen was cryopreserved using freezing extender containing nicotinic acid (NA), then plasma membrane integrity, osmotic equilibration, lipid peroxidation and fatty acid were analysed. The plasma membrane integrity of frozen–thawed sperm was significantly higher in the 10 mM NA than in the 0 and 20 mM NA treatment groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, the osmotic equilibration ability was not different in treatment groups, but lipid peroxidation was significantly decreased in the 10 mM NA treatment group (p < 0.05). The saturated fatty acids were significantly decreased in the 10 mM NA treatment group, and C18:1n‐9, C18:2n‐6, C20:4n‐6, C22:5n‐6 and C22:6n‐3, and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were significantly increased in the 10 mM NA treatment groups (p < 0.05). In summary, 10 mM NA improved plasma membrane integrity, inhibited lipid peroxidation and increased PUFAs in frozen–thawed boar sperm. These results suggest that NA may be useful to protect the plasma membrane and inhibit the loss of PUFAs for sperm cryopreservation in pigs.     

Effect of dilution temperature on boar semen quality

As boar semen is very sensitive to cold shock and changes in temperature during semen processing can have a profound impact on semen quality, the effect of the extender temperature at the time of dilution was investigated in a two-step dilution protocol for boar semen being processed for liquid storage. Fifteen boars of different breeds and ages from a commercial artificial insemination centre were included. One ejaculate per boar was collected and processed with Beltsville Thawing Solution semen extender. Each ejaculate was diluted (1 : 1) at 30 °C, and subsequently, the samples were diluted (30 × 10(6) sperm/ml) with either preheated extender [29.3 °C ± 0.2 °C, group A (GA)] or extender at room temperature [22.7 °C ± 0.6 °C, group B (GB)]. Samples were transported to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (University of Ghent, Belgium) in two isotherm boxes (one per group), stored at 17 °C and investigated for three consecutive days (D0 to D2). At D0, D1 and D2, motility parameters [computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA)] and the per cent of sperm with intact membrane (% IM) by eosin nigrosin staining were evaluated. At D0 and D2, the % of sperm with intact acrosome (% IA) was studied by Pisum sativum agglutinin staining. The average temperature of the 1 : 1 dilution was 29.4 °C ± 1.1 °C immediately after extender addition. No significant differences were found between groups for per cent motility [79.3 ± 9.0 for GA and 81.1 ± 9.2 for GB (p = 0.372)], % progressive motility [56.5 ± 13.3 for GA and 58.4 ± 13.8 for GB (p = 0.737)] or any CASA parameter. No differences were found for % IM [85.1 ± 10.7 and 84.5 ± 3.8 for GA and GB, respectively (p = 0.761)] and % IA [72.2 ± 9.4 for GA and 68.3 ± 16.6 for GB (p = 0.792)]. In conclusion, when a two-step dilution is performed, preheating the extender for the second dilution to match the semen temperature did not result in better semen quality compared to a dilution at a moderate room temperature.     

氢化可的松对保存过程中猪精子的影响

动物长期处于应激状态会影响其生育能力。应激对雄性动物生殖影响的研究多在体内进行,但在体外研究甚少,因此本试验在体外添加糖皮质激素研究其对猪精子各项生理指标的影响。试验首先在液态保存中分别添加不同质量浓度的氢化可的松(0.1,0.25,0.5,10.0,50.0 mg/L),检测其对猪精子活力的影响。结果显示,从0.25 mg/L应激质量浓度氢化可的松开始精子活力逐渐下降且均低于对照组(P<0.05)。之后通过蛋白质印迹法在射出的猪精子中证明存在糖皮质激素受体(glucocorticoid receptor,GR)。免疫荧光检测表明GR主要在精子顶体后区及尾部中段表达。精子保存第5天时,氢化可的松+米非司酮处理组精子活力显著高于氢化可的松单独处理组(P<0.05)。随后又检测了长期(5 d)处于应激质量浓度氢化可的松作用下,精子DNA碎裂(DFI)、线粒体膜电位(MMP)、精子凋亡水平。结果表明,精子DFI增加,线粒体功能下降,凋亡比例增加,而这些作用可以被米非司酮拮抗。因此表明氢化可的松可能是通过与其受体GR结合干扰线粒体功能而影响猪精子。     

白藜芦醇对松辽黑猪精液冷冻的影响

试验旨在评价白藜芦醇(resveratrol,Res)对松辽黑猪公猪精液冷冻的影响。试验分为5组,分别为对照组(不添加Res)和Res处理组(在冷冻基础液中分别加入25μM、50μM、100μM、200μM浓度的Res)。采用手握法采集松辽黑猪精液,用5种冷冻基础液稀释,在25℃平衡1 h,17℃平衡2 h,4℃平衡3 h后灌装于0.5 mL细管中,在液氮上方3 cm处熏蒸10 min,保存在液氮罐中30 d后进行检测。样本解冻后分别检测精子活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、质膜完整性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、顶体完整性、线粒体活性、活性氧簇(ROS)水平、DNA完整性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)水平。结果显示:与对照组相比,冷冻基础液中添加50μM Res可以显著提高冻融后精子的活力、SOD活性、质膜完整性、CAT活性、线粒体活性、GSH-Px活性、顶体完整性(P0.05);可以显著降低精子ROS水平和MDA水平(P0.05);添加Res对DNA完整性未表现出具有显著影响(P0.05)。结论:猪精液冷冻前添加Res可改善冻融后精子质量,添加量50μM效果最佳,但Res是否可以改善公猪冷冻精液的体外受精及人工授精能力,有待于进一步的研究。     

不同稀释剂对梅山猪精液冷冻保存效果的研究

为了探讨稀释剂对梅山猪精液冷冻保存效果的影响,本文选用3种不同的常温稀释液进行常温保存试验,结果发现配方Androhep(A)、Schonow(B)优于葡-柠-EDTA(C)。选用常温配方A、B与3种冷冻稀释液进行配伍组合试验,应用液氮熏蒸法制成试管冻精,结果表明:1A稀释液组合在精子活力和顶体完整率均优于其他组合,解冻后精子活率最高达0.55;不同时间点保存效果检测结果显示,解冻后精子活力和顶体完整率指标稳定。     

The benefits of cooling boar semen in long‐term extenders prior to cryopreservation on sperm quality characteristics

This study investigated the effects of long‐term extenders on post‐thaw sperm quality characteristics following different holding times (HT) of boar semen at 17 and 10°C. Sperm‐rich fractions, collected from five boars, were diluted in Androhep^® Plus (AHP), Androstar^® Plus (ASP), Safecell^® Plus and TRIXcell^® Plus (TCP) extenders. The extended semen samples were held for 2 hr at 17°C (HT 1) and additionally for 24 hr at 10°C (HT 2), after they were evaluated and frozen. CASA sperm motility and motion patterns, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), plasma membrane integrity (PMI) and normal apical ridge (NAR) acrosome integrity were assessed in the pre‐freeze and frozen‐thawed semen. The Vybrant Apoptosis Assay Kit was used to analyse the proportions of viable and plasma membrane apoptotic‐like changes in spermatozoa. Results indicated that boar variability, extender and HT significantly affected the sperm quality characteristics, particularly after freezing‐thawing. Differences in the pre‐freeze semen were more marked in the sperm motion patterns between the HTs. Pre‐freeze semen in HT 2 showed significantly higher VCL and VAP, whereas no marked effects were observed in the sperm membrane integrity and viability (YO‐PRO‐1^?/PI^?) among the extenders. Post‐thaw sperm TMOT and PMOT were significantly higher in the AHP and ASP extenders of HT 2 group, whereas VSL, VCL and VAP were markedly lower in the TCP extender. Furthermore, spermatozoa from the AHP‐ and ASP‐extended semen of HT 2 group were characterized by higher MMP, PMI and NAR acrosome integrity following freezing‐thawing. In most of the extenders, the incidence of frozen‐thawed spermatozoa with apoptotic‐like changes was greater in HT 1. The findings of this study indicate that holding of boar semen at 10°C for 24 hr in long‐term preservation extenders modulates post‐thaw sperm quality characteristics in an extender‐dependent manner. These results will further contribute to the improvement in the cryopreservation technology of boar semen.     

Effect of butylated hydroxytoluene on dog sperm longevity in chilling storage and cryopreservation

This study evaluated the effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a lipid-soluble antioxidant, on dog sperm in chilling storage and cryopreservation. In Experiment 1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 mM BHT were added to egg yolk Tris extender (EYT), and sperm were stored at 4°C for 96 hr. Sperm motility, viability, acrosomal integrity and morphological abnormality in the BHT treatment groups were not different from those of the control (0 mM BHT). In Experiment 2, the effect of BHT in EYT containing 0.75% Equex STM paste and 5% glycerol on survivability of cryopreserved sperm was examined after culture at 39°C for 3 hr. Sperm motility, viability and acrosomal integrity in the 0.2 to 0.8 mM BHT treatment groups were not different from those of the control. However, sperm motility, viability and acrosomal integrity decreased when 1.6 mM BHT was added to the extender (P<0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of the extender with 0.2 to 0.8 mM BHT did not affect characteristics of dog sperm in chilling storage and cryopreservation. Supplementation of 1.6 mM BHT did not affect characteristics of chilled sperm but impaired longevity of cryopreserved sperm in the dog.     

Antioxidant effects of supplementation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl glycol on sperm parameters and oxidative markers following cryopreservation in canine semen

Supplementing the extender with antioxidants with low molecular weight can enhance the quality of the post-thaw sperm during the freezing process. This study was aimed at determining the impacts of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl glycol (DHPG) on the spermatozoa of the canine undergoing freeze-thawing process. In this study, 24 ejaculates were obtained from three mixed-breed dogs and were diluted in a Tris-based extender. The diluted semen was divided into aliquots for supplementation of 10, 30, 50 and 70 µg/ml of DHPG, control (without antioxidant) and control sham (DMSO). After being extended, the semen was equilibrated at a temperature of 4°C and then transferred to the straws and kept 4 cm above the liquid nitrogen for 20 min and was finally immersed in the liquid nitrogen. They were cryopreserved for seven days; then, sperm parameters including sperm motility evaluation, motility characteristics, viability, DNA and plasma membrane integrity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione content (GSH), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT] and glutathione peroxidase [GPx]) activity malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated. This study showed that spermatozoa cryopreservation with 50, 30 and 70 µg/ml of DHPG concentrations had better progressive motility, Curvilinear Velocity, Linearity, viability, intact plasma membrane and the levels of TAC, GPx and GSH were higher than the control group. The 50, 30 and 70 µg/ml of DHPG concentrations led to the significant decrease of DNA damage compared to the control group. Total motility, average path velocity, straight-line velocity and CAT activity were significantly improved in 30 and 50 µg/ml of DHPG concentrations, compared to the control group. Also, the 50 and 30 µg/ml of DHPG concentrations, decreased MDA levels compared to the other groups, significantly. In conclusion, our study showed that the addition 50 µg/ml of DHPG to the canine semen extender improved the semen characteristics and oxidative markers in the cryopreservation process.