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收集32头雌性贵州从江香猪的生长繁殖指标,同时测定其血液基因组的甲基化水平,探讨贵州从江香猪基因组甲基化修饰对其生长繁殖的影响。结果表明:(1)从江香猪基因组的甲基化水平比柯乐猪和大白猪的相应甲基化水平低;(2)从江香猪基因组的总甲基化水平、全甲基化水平与香猪的最高产仔数和第三胎产仔数显著正相关(P0.05),结果提示在一定范围内从江香猪血液基因组的总甲基化和全甲基化水平越高,其产仔数越多;(3)将香猪高产群和低产群甲基化的PAGE分析图谱分析并扩大样本量验证,发现香猪低产群基因组中ATP10A基因第六内含子中甲基化位点的甲基化频率明显较高。根据研究结果,香猪基因组的甲基化水平与其繁殖性状存在相关性。 相似文献
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为了探讨BOLL-I6-sv285(15号染色体BOLL基因第6内含子)和STRA8-I4-sv447(18号染色体STRA8基因第4内含子)这两个结构变异在地方猪与欧洲猪品种中的群体分布差异,试验采用PCR方法对从江香猪、江口萝卜猪、荣昌猪和大白猪4个猪品种进行基因分型,并通过在线软件miRBase、UCSC、RegRNA 2.0对结构变异序列所含的功能元件进行分析。结果显示,BOLL-I6-sv285为一段285bp的插入,经群体验证,3个地方猪品种以DI和DD基因型为主,I等位基因的频率高于大白猪,插入基因型(II)对应较高的产仔数,基因型与从江香猪产仔数之间呈显著相关(P0.05);STRA8-I4-sv447为一段447bp的插入突变,群体中DD基因型占优势,从江香猪、江口萝卜猪和大白猪的I等位基因频率高于荣昌猪,插入基因型(II)对应较低的产仔数,基因型与从江香猪产仔数之间呈显著相关(P0.05)。本试验鉴定的BOLL-I6-sv285和STRA8-I4-sv447两个结构变异可作为从江香猪产仔数的候选分子标记。 相似文献
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为了探讨BOLL-I6-sv285(15号染色体BOLL基因第6内含子)和STRA8-I4-sv447(18号染色体STRA8基因第4内含子)这两个结构变异在地方猪与欧洲猪品种中的群体分布差异,试验采用PCR方法对从江香猪、江口萝卜猪、荣昌猪和大白猪4个猪品种进行基因分型,并通过在线软件miRBase、UCSC、RegRNA 2.0对结构变异序列所含的功能元件进行分析。结果显示,BOLL-I6-sv285为一段285 bp的插入,经群体验证,3个地方猪品种以DI和DD基因型为主,I等位基因的频率高于大白猪,插入基因型(Ⅱ)对应较高的产仔数,基因型与从江香猪产仔数之间呈显著相关(P<0.05);STRA8-I4-sv447为一段447 bp的插入突变,群体中DD基因型占优势,从江香猪、江口萝卜猪和大白猪的I等位基因频率高于荣昌猪,插入基因型(Ⅱ)对应较低的产仔数,基因型与从江香猪产仔数之间呈显著相关(P<0.05)。本试验鉴定的BOLL-I6-sv285和STRA8-I4-sv447两个结构变异可作为从江香猪产仔数的候选分子标记。 相似文献
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《养猪》2017,(3)
以从江香猪母猪为研究对象,选取卵泡刺激素β亚基(FSHβ)基因作为影响从江香猪繁殖性能的候选基因,采用PCR-SSCP(单链构象多态性)和测序技术,对从江香猪母猪的FSHβ基因进行单核苷酸多态性研究,寻找与繁殖性状相关联的遗传标记。结果表明:在受试群体中,发现FSHβ基因第2外显子86 bp处发生C/T突变,该突变为同义突变,产生3种带型,分别命名为TT、CT、CC基因型。关联性分析显示:在初产母猪的产活仔数和经产母猪的总产仔数中,TT基因型均比CC、CT基因型多,均未达到差异显著水平(P0.05);但初产母猪总产仔数TT基因型比CC基因型多1.66头,差异显著(P0.05),经产母猪的产活仔数TT基因型比CC基因型多1.95头,差异显著(P0.05);对于乳头数,TT基因型比CC基因型多1.38对,差异显著(P0.05)。遗传效应分析发现,等位基因T对从江香猪母猪的繁殖性能表现为正效应,TT基因型对母猪总产仔数、产活仔数、乳头数的估计育种值分别为0.87、1.03、0.72。总体上,TT基因型为有利基因型,对从江香猪母猪的繁殖性状数量值具有一定的促进作用,在选育过程中可注重TT基因型个体的选育。 相似文献
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为了探索抑制素α基因(inhibin-α,INHA)与从江香猪繁殖性状之间的相关性,试验采用特异性聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术克隆从江香猪INHA基因,测定其核苷酸序列,通过等位基因特异性PCR(allele-specific PCR,AS-PCR)方法检测从江香猪低产群与高产群之间INHA基因的多态性变化,以实时荧光定量PCR技术检测高产、低产从江香猪卵巢组织中INHA基因的表达量。结果表明,从从江香猪基因组中成功克隆了INHA基因,编码区完整,全长1095 bp,编码364个氨基酸;经比对发现, INHA基因外显子2序列中存在2个候选SNPs位点(G359A和A373G)。经大样本检测,从江香猪高产群与低产群之间2个候选SNPs位点的基因频率没有明显差异;相比之下,高产从江香猪卵巢中INHA基因的表达量较高。研究结果提示,从江香猪INHA基因结构保守,可能主要通过基因的表达量变化调节从江香猪卵巢的生长和卵泡的发育。 相似文献
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从江香猪、苏太猪不同杂交组合繁殖性能比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了提高从江香猪的繁殖性能,试验选择苏太猪对其进行正交和反交,比较不同杂交组合和纯繁组母猪的产仔及哺育成绩,探索不同杂交组合母猪的繁殖性能,包括母猪产仔数、仔猪初生窝重和个体重、仔猪21日龄窝重和个体重、仔猪断奶窝重和个体重、断奶头数等指标。结果表明:从江♂×苏太♀正交组合(香苏猪)仔猪哺乳期生长性能最佳,初生个体重、初生窝重显著高于纯繁组和苏香猪(P0.05);21日龄个体重、21日龄窝重、断奶窝重显著高于纯繁组和苏香猪(P0.05);其余指标差异不显著(P0.05),但香苏猪、苏香猪指标均优于纯繁组。说明选择从江香猪和苏太猪进行正反交可提高母猪窝产仔数和仔猪哺育成绩,从而提高从江香猪杂交猪的繁殖性能。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2016,(3):54-58
为了研究拷贝数变异与香猪生长及产仔数之间的关系,采用荧光定量PCR方法,测定香猪高、低产群体基因组中CNVR36的拷贝数变化,并与柯乐猪、荣昌猪、大白猪和糯谷猪4个猪品种相比较,进而分析拷贝数变异与香猪生长及产仔数性状之间的关系。结果显示,从香猪基因组中检测到CNVR36的拷贝数存在多态性变化:高产群体中以拷贝数增加为主,低产群体中以拷贝数缺失为主,经卡方检验,两个群体间的拷贝数变异频率差异极显著(P0.01)。柯乐猪、荣昌猪、大白猪和糯谷猪4个猪品种的CNVR36拷贝数以增加为主,相关性分析结果表明,香猪CNVR36拷贝数与胸围之间存在弱的负相关关系,糯谷猪CNVR36的拷贝数与其体宽和胸围有一定的相关关系,荣昌猪的CNVR36拷贝数与体高有一定的负相关关系。推测香猪CNVR36的拷贝数变异可能与生长发育有一定的联系。 相似文献
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本研究采用PCR-RFLP技术检测了长白、约克夏和杜洛克猪群的RYR基因的多态性,分别分析了RYR基因与猪的产仔数(TNB)、初生重(LBW)、仔猪28日龄重(LWT28)、背膘厚(TheBackfatThickness)、死胎数(ND)之间的相关关系。对群体遗传结构分析表明,在约克夏、杜洛克猪群中,有氟烷基因存在;长白猪群中,未发现有该基因存在。通过对RYR基因分型研究,在约克夏和杜洛克猪群中,未发现有隐性纯合基因型(nn)个体,仅存在纯合基因型(NN)个体和杂合型(Nn)个体。不同氟烷基因型(NN,Nn)之间在产仔数方面存在差异性显著(P<0.05)。约克夏猪群中,比较了头胎的平均产仔数,结果发现,Nn个体的产仔数(TNB)比NN个体平均多1.7045头/胎;杜洛克猪群中,Nn个体的产仔数(TNB)比NN个体平均多2.5758头/胎;经产胎次中,平均产仔数分别多0.3898和0.9956头/胎。杂合型(Nn)个体显著高于纯合基因型(NN)个体(P<0.05)。在两层和三层膘厚检测中发现,在杜洛克猪群和约克夏猪群中,纯合基因型个体均低于杂合基因型个体,因此在背膘厚方面两种基因型(NN,Nn)个体存在差异性显著(P<0.05)。在仔猪28日龄重方面,杂合型(Nn)个体则低于纯合基因型(NN)个体,差异性显著(P<0.05);仔猪初生重方面,纯合基因型个体的仔猪初生重与杂合型个体差异不显著(P>0.05);死胎数方面,? 相似文献
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从江香猪开发利用现状与对策邵峰泉(贵州省农业厅品改站)从江香猪是1977年贵州地方猪种资源普查中发掘出来的一个小型猪种。以其体小、肉香、基因纯合、纯净无污染等特点,引起全国各地有关科研单位、农业院校专家学者的高度重视,被认为是理想的实验用动物和制作高... 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献