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南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒(Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus,SRBSDV)是由白背飞虱(Sogatella furcifera)传播的一种新病毒。为明确白背飞虱获毒的影响因子及南方水稻黑条矮缩病的流行规律,本文采用三因素试验,研究温度(22、27和32℃)、水稻生育期(三叶期、分蘖期和孕穗期)和白背飞虱若虫龄期(3龄和5龄)对白背飞虱获毒效率的影响。结果表明,白背飞虱在27℃和32℃下的获毒率显著高于22℃下的获毒率;在不同生育期水稻上,白背飞虱在分蘖期水稻上的获毒率高于三叶期和孕穗期;白背飞虱若虫龄期也显著影响获毒率,3龄若虫获毒率高于5龄若虫;但这些因素的交互作用对白背飞虱的获毒率无显著影响。 相似文献
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Yih-Shen Hwang Mir S. Mulla Mary Mistrot Pope Cesar Rodriguez 《Pest management science》1982,13(5):517-522
N,N-Diethyl-, N,N-dipropyl-, N,N-di-isopropyl, and N,N-di-isobutylalkanamides in which the acyl moiety ranged from C8 to C21 were synthesised, and their larvicidal activity was determined against the first-instar larvae of the southern house mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus Say. The four homologous series of amides generally showed an increase in their larvicidal activity as the carbon number in the acyl moiety of the amides increased, until the activity reached a maximum. Subsequently, an increment of carbon number resulted in declining activity in the higher homologues, until the activity disappeared. N,N-Diethyltetradecanamide, N,N-dipropylundecanamide, N,N-di-isopropylundecanamide, and N,N-di-isobutlynonanamide or -dodecanamide were the most active compounds in their respective homologous series of amides; however, they were less active than their analogous N,N-dimethylalkanamides previously studied. 相似文献
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The Illinois soybean crop was monitored in 1965, 1966, 1967, 1971, and 1974 for dieldrin residues resulting from aldrin applied to corn in the years before soybean cultivation. Residue levels of dieldrin in soybeans increased between 1965 and 1974. The percent of fields which had soybeans with a dieldrin level above 0.03 ppm increased between 1965 and 1974. Dieldrin residue levels in soybeans grown in Illinois are expected to decline now that the use of aldrin has diminished and will soon cease. No significant correlation was evident between the dieldrin levels in soybeans and the area of the State where they had grown, the date of planting, or the variety. 相似文献
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Mercury, arsenic, and cadmium in fish, water, and sediment of American Falls Reservoir, Idaho, 1974.
Mercury and cadmium were found in fish, water, and sediment of American Falls Reservoir (AFR), Idaho. Mercury and cadmium levels in some fish exceeded human health standards set by the Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, and the World Health Organization. Analyses performed on the flesh of rainbow trout showed mercury residues of up to 1.20 mg/kg, which were higher than residues previously reported in trout collected in 1970 and 1971 from AFR. Cadmium residue levels were as high as 0.80 mg/kg. Although arsenic was found in reservoir sediment at levels of 1.36-2.40 mg/kg, it was not detected in fish. 相似文献
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应用酶联免疫吸附试验法鉴定几种主要马铃薯病毒 总被引:19,自引:2,他引:19
制备了PVX,PVY_o,PVY~n,PVA,PVS,PVM,PLRV和TRV等8种主要马铃薯病毒抗体的辣根过氧化物酶结合物,在检测黑龙江省马铃薯主栽品种克新一、二、三、四号等品种的植株样品1155份和800余份正在脱毒中的试管苗样品中,发现上述8种马铃薯病毒在几个主栽品种中的侵染率较高,而且大多数感病植株是由3至7种病毒复合侵染,并首次查明本省存在PVY~n和PVM病毒。对不带上述8种病毒的样品又用双向反向聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳鉴定带马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒(Potato spindle Tuber Viroid)状况,现已获得无上述8种病毒和类病毒的种植材料。 相似文献
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长武旱塬不同麦玉轮作系统产量效应模拟研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用EPIC模型对不同麦玉轮作系统进行模拟,通过对其输出结果的分析,综合考虑产量、经济效益、干旱胁迫和氮肥生产率等因素,对不同麦玉轮作系统进行综合评价,从而比较不同麦玉轮作系统的优劣。结果表明:(1)在模拟研究期间,8种麦玉轮作系统的产量均呈波动性下降趋势,其平均值分别为4.61、4.40、4.16、4.48、4.28、4.29、4.714、.55 t/hm2。所有的麦玉轮作系统中,麦玉轮作系统"春玉米→冬小麦"的经济效益最好。(2)在模拟研究期间,麦玉轮作系统"春玉米→冬小麦→冬小麦"的冬小麦和春玉米所遭受的年均干旱胁迫日数最少(29.51d)。在干旱年份麦玉轮作系统中的冬小麦较春玉米更容易遭受干旱威胁。综合产量、经济效益、作物所遭受的干旱胁迫天数和麦玉轮作系统的氮肥生产率等因素,在长武地区适宜采用的麦玉轮作系统为春玉米→冬小麦。 相似文献
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运用温室葡萄水热平衡观测资料,分析了东北日光温室葡萄的能量平衡和能量分量日变化、生育期变化以及分配规律,同时也分析了潜热通量(λET)对环境因子的响应。结果表明:水热通量各分量在整个生育期日变化总体上呈现为单峰趋势,净辐射(Rn)的峰值最大为618.75 W·m-2,λET峰值最大为242.73 W·m-2,感热通量(H)峰值最大为327.93 W·m-2;在新梢生长期,白天λET较小,为34.55 W·m-2,随着生育期推进,λET逐渐增大,在果实着色成熟期达到最大值(78.49 W·m-2)之后减小;H在各生育期能量中均占了绝大部分;白天潜热通量占净辐射的比例(λET/Rn)在新梢生长期最小,为25.28%,在果实着色成熟期最大,为44.17%;感热通量占净辐射比例(H/Rn)整个生育期几乎都达50%以上,土壤热通量占净辐射比例(G/Rn)相对较小,变化范围为4.46~12.32 W·m... 相似文献