Growth retardation in young mice treated with d1-methadone

Newborn mice injected daily for 6 weeks with dl-methadone in dosages of 2 to 8 milligrams per kilogram grew significantly more slowly than their saline-treated littermates. Litters given d-methadone, 4 milligrams per kilogram, grew normally. Concomitant treatment with naloxone, 10 milligrams per kilogram, prevented growth inhibition. A weight deficit persisted in mice observed 6 weeks after cessation of methadone treatment.     

Cellular adaptation to morphine in rats

The respiration of KCl-stimulated cortical slices of brain from control rats is markedly depressed by morphine, whereas the respiration of those from rats chronically dosed with morphine is unaffected. The results demonstrate an adaptation to morphine at the cellular level which is concomitant with the adaptation of the whole animal to morphine     

大剂量亚慢性染镉对雌性大鼠血清性激素水平的影响

通过亚慢性皮下注射CdCl2,研究了镉对雌性大鼠血清性激素（E2、P、FSH、LH）水平及卵巢脏器系数的影响。结果表明：镉对卵巢系数及血清中FSH水平无显著影响（P〉0．05）;高剂量组血清中的E2、P、LH水平比对照组的有显著降低（P〈0．05）;低剂量组血清中的P水平比对照组的极显著降低（P〈0．01）。结论为,镉可能通过损伤卵巢和垂体的分泌功能降低了血清中E2、P、LH的水平,具有生殖内分泌干扰效应。     

Prenatal stress reduces fertility and fecundity in female offspring

Female rats subjected to prenatal stress later experienced fewer conceptions, more spontaneous abortions and vaginal hemorrhaging, longer pregnancies, and fewer viable young than nonstressed rats. The offspring of the prenatally stressed rats were lighter in weight and less likely to survive the neonatal period. Prenatal stress may influence the balance of adrenal and gonadal hormones during a critical stage of fetal hypothalamic differentiation, thereby producing a variety of reproductive dysfunctions in adulthood.     

Failure of nicotine to affect development of offspring when administered to pregnant rats

Absolute influx and efflux of potassium-42 have been measured in isolated rabbit atria during acetylcholine-induced fibrillation. The efflux of potassium was increased three to four times; influx was not changed. The data are interpreted as indicating that an inhibition of active K uptake is not involved in the initiation of fibrillation, and that the process results from a marked increase in Na permeability.     

Parathyroid hormone effects in rats treated with diphosphonate

The ability of disodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP; 40 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day) to reduce the hypercalcemic effect of parathyroid hormone in thyroparathyroidectomized rats was confirmed. However, treatment with this large dose of EHDP enhanced the hypophosphatemic effect of a low dose of parathyroid hormone (10 international units per100 grams of body weight), apparently by promoting the renal excretion of phosphate. The data suggest that EHDP may have a direct effect on the renal action of parathyroid hormone and, in this way, may also affect vitamin D metabolism by the kidney.     

LSD: injection early in pregnancy produces abnormalities in offspring of rats

One of five rats given a single subcutaneous injection of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) early in pregnancy appeared to abort early; two delivered stunted stillborn offspring at term, one delivered a littler of seven healthy and one underdeveloped young, and the last one delivered an apparently normal litter. All five matched controls, given saline injections, went to term and delivered healthy litters of 11 to 16 offspring; there were no abortions and no stillbirths. In a replicate experiment, one of five rats given LSD on the 4th day of gestation aborted, two delivered some stillborn offspring, one gave an abnormally small litter of four, and the last one produced an apparently normal litter of ten. All matched controls delivered healthy litters, totaling 66. Some surviving offspring treated with LSD failed to develop as well as control animals. Treatment of five additional rats with LSD late in pregnancy had no obvious effect on the offspring.     

Prolactin stimulation of maternal behavior in female rats

Inexperienced, hypophysectomized female rats treated with steroids were used in experiments to investigate the roles of the pituitary gland and prolactin in the expression of maternal behavior. Administration of ovine prolactin or treatment with ectopic pituitary grafts, which release prolactin into the circulation, stimulated maternal care in these females toward rat young. Steroid treatment alone, while stimulating maternal behavior in rats with intact pituitary glands, did not facilitate maternal responsiveness in hypophysectomized females. These findings indicate a stimulatory behavioral role for pituitary prolactin in the establishment of maternal care and suggest that exposure to prolactin during pregnancy helps to stimulate the immediate onset of maternal behavior at parturition.     

成蜂饲养密度和繁蜂益害比对阿里山潜蝇茧蜂子代的影响

当成蜂饲养密度为300对.笼-1时,子代雌蜂数量占总出蜂量的60.34%;随着成蜂饲养密度的增大,子代雌蜂比例逐渐降低;当成蜂饲养密度达700对.笼-1时,子代雌蜂所占比例降至38.30%.当寄主橘小实蝇卵与寄生蜂雌蜂的比例为5∶1时,寄主发育至蛹期的数量和羽化的寄生蜂数量分别为10.25粒和8.88只;随着寄主卵比例的增大,寄生蜂子代出蜂量也随之增多;当寄主卵与寄生蜂雌蜂的比例增至25∶1后,寄生蜂子代出蜂量不再增多.     

Copulatory behavior can inhibit pregnancy in female rats

If female rats received genital stimulation soon enough after their male partners had ejaculated, sperm transport and subsequent pregnancy were inhibited. Manual stimulation by the experimenter or five intromissions by a male rat were sufficient stimuli to reduce the number of sperm found in the uterus and to reduce the number of uterine implantation sites.     

Addiction liability of albino rats: breeding for quantitive differences in morphine drinking

Selective breeding produced two strains of rats that differ in their susceptibility to morphine addiction. Inbreeding the more susceptible rats in an unselected population produced susceptible offspring; inbreeding resistant rats produced resistant offspring. Further selection and inbreeding increased the strain difference in the F(2) and F(3) generations. The F(3) generation also differed in their susceptibility to alcohol addiction.     

红松优树无性系及其子代的生长评价与选择研究

  目的  评价和选择优质红松种质资源,为种子园升级换代提供材料。  方法  本研究以吉林省汪清林业局国家红松良种基地相同优树的30个37年生亲本无性系和35年生生子代半同胞家系为材料,对其生长性状进行评价分析。  结果  方差分析结果表明,无性系和家系各测定指标差异均达极显著水平（P < 0.01）。无性系或家系各指标表型变异系数变化范围分别为4.19% ~ 25.88%和4.51% ~ 34.33%,无性系各指标重复力变化范围为0.45 ~ 0.74,家系各指标遗传力变化范围为0.70 ~ 0.85,家系单株遗传力变化范围为0.29 ~ 0.66,属于中高重复力和遗传力。相关性分析结果表明,无性系和家系间胸径、树高、材积和冠幅均呈极显著正相关（r > 0.47,r > 0.57）。主成分分析结果表明,无性系和家系的两个主成分的累计贡献率分别达68.50%和73.37%,胸径、树高、材积和冠幅对主成分Ⅰ的贡献最大,因此可以作为红松种质资源评价的指标。利用多性状综合评价法对无性系和家系进行筛选,以10%为入选率,分别筛选出3个优良无性系和3个优良家系,入选无性系和家系胸径、树高、材积和冠幅遗传增益变化范围为3.03% ~ 14.40%。对优良家系内单株进行综合评价选择,筛选出9株优良单株,入选优良单株胸径、树高、材积和冠幅遗传增益变化范围为6.98% ~ 37.37%。  结论  利用生长性状初选出优良无性系、优良家系和优良单株,可用于红松良种申报,并为红松良种选育提供理论基础。      

苯甲酸雌二醇对L-谷氨酸单钠损毁弓状核雌性大鼠血脂代谢的影响

目的观察苯甲酸雌二醇（EB）对L广谷氨酸单钠（MSG）损毁弓状核雌性大鼠体质量、脂肪湿质量及血脂代谢的影响。方法皮下注射MSG建立新生SD雌性大鼠弓状核损毁模型。造模大鼠于30日龄时分别肌肉注射EB0．24mg／kg（MSG＋EBL组）、0．48mg／kg（MSG＋EBH组）,隔天1次,共30次;停止注射后15d处死大鼠,检测体质量、脂肪湿质量、血脂、血清雌二醇（E2）。结果模型组大鼠体质量、脂肪湿质量／体质量、血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）都明显升高（P〈0．05）,而E2、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）显著降低（P〈0．05）。EB处理后大鼠的体质量、脂肪湿质量／体质量、TC、TG、LDL-C均显著回降（P〈0．05）,而E2、HDL—C显著回升（P〈0．05）;MSG＋EBH组与MSG＋EBI组比较,其各项指标差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论EB对弓状核损毁的雌性大鼠血脂代谢紊乱有治疗作用。     

以读者为本创新高校图书馆流通服务工作模式

图书馆是高等学校的信息中心,而流通部门则是面对全校广大师生的一个"窗口".就创新开发馆藏资源,活跃师生学术氛围、提供丰厚资料、营造教材建设环境等方面,加强流通服务的工作模式.流通工作应该树立以读者为本的理念,加强自身素质建设,增强服务意识,为提高学校综合办学实力作出贡献.     

以人为本理念下旅游发展的再思考

我国旅游发展在取得巨大成就的同时,也因线性发展观的影响造成了诸多方面的悖论与潜在危机。在以人为本的核心价值观指导下,从文化的视角探索旅游发展的长远目标,转变旅游发展范式,进行旅游经济的深度开发,是旅游走出现代性困境、实现可持续发展的重大战略选择。     

Increased brain size and cellular content in infant rats treated with an opiate antagonist

From birth to day 21, rat offspring received daily injections of naltrexone at a dosage that blocked morphine-induced analgesia 24 hours a day. At 21 days, body, brain, and cerebellar weights of naltrexone-injected animals were 18, 11, and 5 percent greater than corresponding control weights. In addition, morphometric analysis of the cerebrum revealed a somatosensory cortex that was 18 percent thicker than that of the controls. The cerebellum of naltrexone-treated rats was 41 percent larger in total area and contained at least 70 percent more glial cells and 30 percent more granule neurons. Neurons derived prenatally were unaffected by drug treatment. These results show that naltrexone can stimulate body and brain growth in rats and suggest a role for the endorphin and opiate receptor system in development.     

Evidence for active immunity to morphine in mice

The serum from mice actively immunized with a morphine immunogen contained antibodies that could bind dihydromorphine. Morphine effects were diminished in these "immunized" mice, and the concentration of morphine in their plasma was altered.     

Sexual behavior: normal male patterning in androgenized female rats

Female rats treated with testosterone as neonates and as adults exhibited a temporal patterning of male copulatory behavior identical to that of normal males, although such females displayed few intromission reflexes and almost no ejaculatory patterns. With prenatal, postnatal, and adult testosterone treatment, female rats displayed all the characteristic masculine responses and intervals, including the ultrasonic postejaculatory vocalization.     

Activation of lordotic responding in female rats by suppression of serotonergic activity

After systemic administration of several serotonergic antagonists, female rats that had been ovariectomized, adrenalectomized, and estrogen-primed showed lordotic responding. Lordosis could also be elicited after direct placement of serotonergic receptor blockers into hypothalamic sites known to contain serotonergic terminals. None of the treatments activated the soliciting component of the estrous behavior pattern of the female rat. It is postulated that the hypothalamus contains serotonergic terminals which suppress lordotic responding.