黄河三角洲耐盐紫花苜蓿品种(系)筛选

为探明苜蓿成株期耐盐性评价方法并筛选耐盐苜蓿资源,采用多个鉴定指标对30份苜蓿品种进行耐盐性综合评价。试验采用大田鉴定法,以株高、鲜重产量、综合评价等3个指标为评价依据,以无棣苜蓿为对照,对30份紫花苜蓿种质的耐盐性进行了综合评价。结果表明:供试的30个苜蓿品种中,耐盐之星、WL366HQ、WL354HQ、WL656HQ、WL525HQ、WL903、WL168HQ、WL363HQ、WL353LH、巨能995、WL440HQ、维多利亚、巨能7、中苜6号、中苜3号、WL298HQ、WL712、SR4030和WL319HQ的产量与无棣苜蓿相比增产比较高,耐盐性较好,适合在黄河三角洲推广应用。     

枣林间作对四个高秋眠级苜蓿品种产量及营养价值的影响

为了筛选出适宜阿克苏地区林果间作的饲草品种,以期为农、林、牧协调发展提供理论依据,试验在枣林下种植四个高秋眠级苜蓿品种WL712、WL903、WL525HQ、WL656HQ,并对四个苜蓿品种进行了生产性能和营养品质的测定。结果表明:WL525HQ四茬总鲜草产量最高,显著高于另三个品种(P0.05);WL656HQ四茬总干草产量最高,与WL903差异不显著(P0.05),显著高于WL525HQ、WL712(P0.05),WL712最低;粗蛋白含量以WL525HQ较高,中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量以WL525HQ较低;选择干草产量、粗蛋白产量、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、粗蛋白含量和相对饲喂价值作为综合评价四个紫花苜蓿品种优劣的指标,紫花苜蓿WL525HQ关联度值最大,其他依次是WL903、WL656HQ、WL712。     

低温胁迫对不同品种紫花苜蓿种子萌发的影响

为了比较低温(4℃)胁迫下15种紫花苜蓿种子在萌发期的抗寒性差异并筛选抗寒品种,试验以15种紫花苜蓿为研究材料,低温(4℃)胁迫处理各品种紫花苜蓿种子,并以25℃为对照,每个处理3个重复。培养第10天时,每个处理随机选取15株苗测量胚根长和胚芽长,重复测量3次,统计发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数,利用隶属函数法计算每个紫花苜蓿品种的3对指标(发芽势和发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数、胚根长和胚芽长)的隶属函数值,研究低温处理对紫花苜蓿种子萌发的影响。结果表明：低温胁迫对WL168HQ、WL363HQ、巨能2和斯贝德的发芽势和发芽率有一定的促进作用;对15种紫花苜蓿种子的发芽指数、活力指数、胚芽长和胚根长呈不同程度的抑制作用。15种紫花苜蓿萌发期的抗寒性表现为大富翁>沃苜1号>斯贝德、驯鹿>巨能2>巨能201>WL440HQ>皇冠>SR4030>要塞>佰苜202>可汗>SK3010>WL168HQ>WL363HQ。15种紫花苜蓿分为强抗寒型(大富翁)、中等抗寒型(WL440HQ、驯鹿、巨能201、巨能2、斯贝德、...     

13个紫花苜蓿品种对滴灌模式的适应性

为筛选出适宜在新疆北疆地区滴灌栽培的紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)新品种,本研究分析了滴灌栽培技术对13个紫花苜蓿品种在北疆地区适应性的影响。结果表明,滴灌条件下易建植成功的品种有巨能7、WL319HQ和SK3010;较差的是龙牧806和龙牧801。在产量性状上,品种4010干草产量最高,并且耐寒性强,光温敏感性弱,最适宜新疆北疆地区滴灌种植。SK3010耐寒性强,适合冷凉地区种植。WL343HQ和WL319HQ在冬前寒冷季节生长速度较慢,不适宜滴灌种植。巨能7、WL363HQ和WL354HQ干草产量与对照三得利相当(P0.05)。品种4010、巨能7、WL363HQ和WL354HQ更适宜在滴灌模式下种植。     

紫花苜蓿形态和生理指标响应干旱胁迫的品种特异性

为研究紫花苜蓿在叶片和根系水平上响应干旱胁迫的形态和生理的品种特异性规律,在温室内分析了干旱胁迫下WL363HQ和巨能7紫花苜蓿株高、分枝数、生物量及叶片和根系中丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸、抗氧化酶类物质、C、N含量、C/N、稳定性C同位素(δ13C)和稳定性N同位素(δ15N).结果表明:干旱胁迫显著降低了供试品种地上...     

苏打盐碱胁迫下不同来源苜蓿品种抗盐性综合评价

用不同浓度的Na_2CO_3,NaHCO_3混合液对10种紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)种子进行盐碱胁迫,研究不同胁迫浓度下种子的萌发特性和芽苗的生长情况,分析盐胁迫对不同苜蓿品种种子萌发的影响。结果显示:低浓度(30mmol·L~(-1))胁迫对种子发芽有促进作用,随着浓度的升高苜蓿种子发芽率、根长、芽长和活力指数呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,但不同品种降低幅度不同。利用隶属函数法对苜蓿种子的抗盐性进行综合排序,由强到弱依次为:‘WL343HQ’‘WL903HQ’‘驯鹿’‘WL525HQ’‘肇东’‘赛特’‘标杆’‘惊喜’‘龙牧801’‘中苜1号’。     

不同秋眠级紫花苜蓿在贵州地区的引种试验

为了解紫花苜蓿在贵州省不同地区的适应性,分别对WL系列7个秋眠级的紫花苜蓿在贵州3个地区的株高、产量及干鲜比等指标进行了品比试验。结果表明:参试7个紫花苜蓿品种第1次刈割时的株高、干草产量最高,第2、3次刈割时逐渐降低。不同茬次间紫花苜蓿干鲜比存在差异,随着刈割次数的增加,干鲜比逐渐升高,但品种间差异性不显著。不同品种间紫花苜蓿株高及干草产量也存在显著性差异;初花期WL712、WL656植株的平均高度最高,但WL712的干草产量较低。贵阳麦坪地区适宜种植的品种有WL440和WL354;独山地区适宜种植的品种有WL440和WL525;威宁地区适宜种植的品种有WL440和WL366。     

锰胁迫对紫花苜蓿生理和生长特性的影响

为探讨重金属锰离子胁迫对两个紫花苜蓿品种WL525和WL440生理生态方面的影响,在温室可控环境下,采用盆栽试验进行锰胁迫处理,并分别测量其株高、生物量、根冠比、养分含量、酶活性和丙二醛含量。结果表明:随着锰离子胁迫程度增大,紫花苜蓿的株高生长速率、地上和地下生物量先升高后下降,根冠比在浓度为300mg/L时最大,根系受到明显抑制;苜蓿粗蛋白质含量在10mg/L处理下最高,ADF和NDF含量在300mg/L浓度下最低;酶活性随胁迫程度表现出先上升后下降的趋势,MDA含量则呈现上升的趋势。     

弥渡县紫花苜蓿引种试验研究

为了筛选出适合弥渡县种植和利用的紫花苜蓿品种,弥渡县畜牧站对云南省草山饲料站提供的18个紫花苜蓿品种进行引种种植试验.通过4年(2007～2010年)的观测结果表明:WL525HQ和WL903HQ 2个苜蓿品种鲜草产量最高,全年总产都在240 t/hm2以上,明显高于其它16个紫花苜蓿品种,其中以WL525HQ鲜草产量最高,1年可刈割7～9次,全年总产达255 t/hm2,平均株高达78 cm; WL903HQ次之,全年总产为240 t/hm2,平均株高达75cm,可在弥渡县大面积推广种植.     

大庆地区不同品种紫花苜蓿生长差异性研究

为了更好的在大庆地区推广苜蓿种植业,本文通过对引进的8个紫花苜蓿品种进行生长差异性研究。研究表明不同品种间株高、茎叶产量、种子产量、单株重、分枝数等均存在差异。综合各个影响条件得出结论:巨能551、斯贝德、斯普雷德三个品种的种子产量较高,产量较低的为WL354HQ和WL319;茎叶产量最高的品种为巨能551、WL319和斯贝德,其次为WL354HQ、斯普雷德和巨能耐盐,产量较低的为耐盐之星和巨能耐湿。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。