First report of sheep pulmonary adenomatosis in Cyprus

The first recorded cases of sheep pulmonary adenomatosis in Cyprus are described. The diagnosis was based on histopathological examination of lung material obtained from sheep showing clinical signs of respiratory distress. Three flocks in three different locations of Cyprus were involved.     

绵羊肺腺瘤病的病理学及RT—PCR诊断

对呼和浩特市四子王旗某种羊场的疑似绵羊肺腺瘤病的4只病羊,通过临床诊断、病理组织学观察,PCR、RT-PCR和半巢式PCR技术对疑似病羊进行检测诊断.结果显示:(1)"小推车试验"时有鼻液流出;(2)剖检时可见肺肿大实变,切开肺脏时可见大量泡沫状液体从切面渗出;(3)病理组织学观察肺脏有大小不一的腺瘤灶,而且肺泡上皮细胞呈乳头状增生;(4)根据GenBank中登录的绵羊肺腺瘤病毒全序列(AF105220),设计合成3对特异性引物和3条巢式引物,经RT-PCR、PCR及半巢式PCR法扩增并测序,利用RT-PCR和PCR分别扩增出与预期大小一致的条带U3(175 bp)、env(225 bp)、gag(300 bp),序列分析表明与引起该病的绵羊肺腺瘤病毒序列同源性较高,分别达97.2%、96.5%、94.4%.应用半巢式引物扩增片段分别为U3(133 bp)、env(178 bp)、gag(275 bp).经过以上方法确诊该羊场的疑似病例为绵阳肺腺瘤病.     

The etiology and pathogenesis of ovine pulmonary carcinoma (sheep pulmonary adenomatosis)

Ovine pulmonary carcinoma (OPC, sheep pulmonary adenomatosis, jaagsiekte) occurs naturally as a contagious bronchioloalveolar carcinoma of sheep in the Americas, Europe, Africa and Asia. The disease is endemic and economically important in Peru and apparently more common than previously suspected in the U.S.A. The tumor is a result of transformation of type II alveolar epithelial cells or non-ciliated bronchiolar cells of the lung. Clinically affected sheep develop dyspnea, tachypnea and often a watery nasal discharge that originates from tumor secretions. The course is progressive and death usually occurs within a few weeks. To study the viral etiology and pathogenesis of OPC in the U.S.A., the disease was experimentally transmitted to neonatal or young lambs with a success rate of 69%. Ovine lentivirus (OvLV), present in the inocula, was concurrently transmitted and induced lymphoid interstitial pneumonia in most animals. While morphological, immunological and other studies implicate a type D or type B retrovirus as the etiologic agent of OPC, this virus has not yet been cultured and the role of ovine lentivirus in the disease remains unknown.     

Maedi-visna and sheep pulmonary adenomatosis: a study of concurrent infection

The transmission of maedi-visna (MV) virus was studied within two groups of sheep, one of which was also affected with sheep pulmonary adenomatosis (SPA). Serological monitoring of sheep kept in contact with both groups indicated that MV virus replication occurred to a greater extent in the group with both diseases, three of five in-contact sheep being seropositive after 1 year's exposure compared with none of six held with MV-virus-only infected lambs.     

Abscess disease, caseous lymphadenitis, and pulmonary adenomatosis in imported sheep

The occurrence of abscess disease, caseous lymphadenitis, and pulmonary adenomatosis in sheep in Denmark is reported for the first time. Subcutaneous abscesses were observed in imported 4- to 5-month-old lambs of the Lacaune breed 10 days after arrival in Denmark. Abscesses were mostly located in the head, neck and shoulder regions close to the regional lymph nodes. Bacteriological examinations revealed growth of Staphylococcus aureus ssp. anaerobius in all animals with subcutaneously located abscesses containing a viscous white-yellow odourless mass. In addition, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis was isolated from abscesses in one animal and lesions consistent with pulmonary adenomatosis were found in four animals.     

Lesions and retroviruses associated with naturally occurring ovine pulmonary carcinoma (sheep pulmonary adenomatosis)

Five sheep with ovine pulmonary carcinoma were markedly dyspneic and had sporadic coughing; two had copious watery nasal exudate. In four, lesions consisted of multifocal nodules of neoplastic cuboidal epithelial cells in acinar or papillary patterns. Electron microscopically, cells had microvilli, tight junctions, and cytoplasmic lamellar bodies typical of alveolar type II cells. One sheep had a single lung tumor of nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial cells. Vacuolated alveolar macrophages surrounded adenomatous foci. One sheep had a metastatic lesion in the caudal mediastinal lymph node. All sheep had histologic lesions of lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP, ovine progressive pneumonia) consisting of peribronchiolar and interstitial lymphoid hyperplasia, and fibromuscular proliferation; all had serum precipitating antibodies to ovine lentivirus. Lung fluids or tumor homogenates contained a 26-kd peptide that crossreacted with a primate-derived type D retrovirus as detected by immunoblotting or interspecies competition radioimmunoassay. Ovine lentivirus was isolated from concentrated lung fluids or tumor tissues of four sheep tested and from tumor cell DNA of one animal transfected into ovine muscle cells. These studies document the presence of type D-related retrovirus antigen in ovine pulmonary carcinoma (OPC) in the United States and indicate that lentivirus-induced LIP is a lesion frequently associated with this disease.     

Retrovirus-associated ovine pulmonary carcinoma (sheep pulmonary adenomatosis) and lymphoid interstitial pneumonia. I. Lesion development and age susceptibility

To determine the lesion development of retrovirus-induced ovine pulmonary carcinoma (OPC), ten neonatal lambs were inoculated intratracheally with either 1) lung fluid preparations derived from a sheep with Type D retrovirus-associated OPC and concurrent ovine lentivirus (OvLV)-associated lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) (n = 8); or 2) lung fluid from a sheep with only OvLV-LIP (n = 2). Seven of eight neonates that received Type D retrovirus-associated OPC/OvLV-LIP lung fluid developed both OPC and LIP lesions between 9 and 32 weeks after inoculation. Mild OPC lesions consisted of foci of type II alveolar epithelial cells lining alveoli surrounded by minimal alveolar macrophage infiltrates. More severe OPC lesions consisted of multifocal aggregates of cuboidal to columnar neoplastic cells forming acini or masses associated with abundant alveolar macrophage infiltrates. Lesions of LIP consisted of peribronchiolar and perivascular lymphoid hyperplasia and heterogeneous interstitial leukocytic infiltrates. The two neonates that received OvLV-LIP lung fluid developed rapid and severe LIP, but not OPC lesions. Two lambs (inoculated as neonates with virus-free lung fluid) and three lambs (uninoculated contacts) served as controls and did not develop OPC. To investigate age susceptibility for development of OPC, 20 additional lambs within defined age groups (neonates, 2 weeks old, 5 weeks old, and 10 weeks old) received ultracentrifuged tumor homogenate. Neonatal to 5-week-old lambs inoculated with Type D retrovirus-associated OPC/OvLV-LIP tumor homogenate were equally likely to develop OPC, but lambs inoculated at 10 weeks of age were more refractory to tumor development.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)