肉鸡传染性法氏囊病的诊治

1发病情况 2010年9月23日,某肉鸡饲养户饲养的一批肉鸡1 600只,于16日龄接种传染性法氏囊病疫苗后,18日龄个别鸡只开始出现零星死亡,当天使用抗病毒中药拌料,20日龄时大群鸡出现排黄白色稀粪,打盹,扎堆,死亡未停止反而增加到每天30只左右.     

中西医结合治疗肉鸡肾型传染性支气管炎

1 发病情况 蓬莱市刘家沟镇肉鸡专业户李某于2008年7月24日购进AA肉雏鸡13 400只,放养在4栋鸡舍内,采用全封闭,网上饲养,锅炉燃煤吹热气取暖,大型排气扇控制舍内空气流动,电动刮粪板取粪,全程使用3个不同型号的全价颗粒料,并分别于7日和13日龄进行新城疫和法氏囊免疫接种.     

肉鸡肾型传支的诊制

一发病情况 蓬莱市刘家沟镇肉鸡专业户李某于2008年7月24日购进AA肉雏鸡13400只。放养在4栋鸡舍内,采用全封闭,空中网上饲养,运用锅炉燃煤吹热气取暖．运用大型排气扇控制舍内空气流动,运用电动刮粪板取粪,全程使用三个不同型号的全价颗粒料。并分别于7日和13日龄进行新城疫和法氏囊炎免疫接种。每栋鸡舍固定一人管理．至15日龄生长一直良好。     

笼养肉鸡巴氏杆菌病的诊治

发病情况蓬莱市某肉鸡饲养场于2006年2月从外地购进肉仔鸡28600只，分别饲养于4栋鸡舍中，采用全封闭式笼养，利用排气扇通风换气，利用电灯照明，锅炉燃煤喷气取暖，电动刮粪板取粪。曾分别于7、14、21日龄时接种过新城疫、传染性法氏囊、新城疫疫苗，至27日龄时肉鸡长势良好。28、29日龄时因线路发生故障连续两次停电，停电时间长达14h。30日龄时发现鸡群中有的鸡出现呼吸道症状，用青霉素和链霉素进行饮水治疗，2d后病情未见好转，反而出现死亡现象。     

一例蛋鸡非典型新城疫与球虫病混合感染的诊治

发病情况2007年5月8日,江苏省滨海县东坎镇孟某饲养的3200只210日龄蛋鸡突然出现伸颈呼吸,采食量减少,拉稀粪,产蛋量下降,并伴有零星     

一起河田鸡暴发传染性法氏囊病的诊治

2000年12月1日，江西瑞金市某乡光荣院从河田鸡公司购进河田鸡雏苗3 000羽，于12月20日发病，病鸡精神高度沉郁，拉灰白色稀粪，12月23日前往诊治，确诊为鸡传染性法氏囊病，现报道如下：1 发病情况该光荣院养鸡场现有散养鸡若干群（未免疫），购进河田鸡公司的2批鸡后，隔离措施不严。本批雏鸡到19日龄时，成活率为99％。鸡群健康、食欲正常，于8、15日龄法氏囊疫苗免疫，9日龄新城疫疫苗免疫，到20日时发现食欲不正常，精神状态极差，晚上开始零星死亡，至25日死亡725羽，死亡率高达24.2％。2 临床症状病鸡精神沉郁，羽毛松乱，畏寒，不愿…     

一起鸡传染性支气管炎的诊治

1发病情况2010年11月14日我县某养鸡场购进的肉鸡2 100只,饲养至7日龄出现呼吸症状,15日龄开始死亡,并波及全群,发病鸡群表现精神沉郁,羽毛松乱,不愿采食,但时而饮水,排白色稀粪,面部及全身     

雏鸡发生传染性法氏囊病并继发感染沙门氏菌病和球虫病的诊断

2007年某鸡场23日龄肉雏鸡发生以排白色、绿色和红色稀粪,羽毛蓬乱为特征的传染性疾病.在整个疫病流行期间,累计死亡雏鸡1 400余只,死亡率约为35%.通过流行病学、剖检病变及实验室检验,诊断为传染性法氏囊病并继发沙门氏菌病、球虫病.     

鹌鹑传染性法氏囊病的诊制

1 发病情况和临诊症状 1999年4月10日,牡丹江市桦林镇王某饲养的600只20日龄雏鹌鹑突然发病.表现为精神沉郁、震颤昏睡、厌食、羽毛蓬乱、拉白色水样稀粪.当天死亡11只,第二天死亡35只,病程较短,一般经过1天左右死亡,死亡率为10%.户主曾给病鹌鹑用恩诺沙星纯粉饮水、料中拌服氯霉素粉剂2天,但未见效.而同户另一群10月龄的400只鹌鹑却没有发病.     

肉鸡接种传染性法氏囊病活疫苗的抗体水平检测

为了确定肉鸡进行IBD活疫苗免疫的最佳日龄,90只肉鸡随机平均分成6组,分别于10、13、17日龄进行IBD活疫苗CH/80和法倍灵免疫接种,剂量为1.5羽份.免疫后10 d、21 d用IDEXX试剂盒检测ELISA抗体滴度.同时设对照组,分别于2、10、17、24、31、38日龄用IDEXX试剂盒检测ELISA抗体滴度.试验组和对照组均于38日龄时进行新城疫(ND)抗体检测.抗体检测发现,各试验组免疫接种后10d ELISA阳性率均小于50%,免疫接种后21 d检测发现,A组和B组ELISA抗体阳性率分别为71.4%和78.5%;C、D、E、F组ELISA抗体阳性率均为100%,而且抗体滴度明显高于A、B组;对照组IBD母源抗体逐渐下降,大约每7 d为1个半衰期,至31日龄鸡群IBD抗体均为阴性;试验组和对照组38日龄ND抗体滴度无显著差异(P>O.05).结果表明,试验用鸡于13日龄进行IBD活疫苗免疫接种效果较好,两种IBD活疫苗免疫接种效果没有显著差异.     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。