牛乳菌落总数测定的不确定度评定

对牛乳样品菌落总数的测定结果进行不确定度评定,为检测过程的质量控制提供科学依据.依据GB 4789.2—2016《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验菌落总数测定》检测牛乳样品的菌落总数,按照JJF 1059.1—2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》分析该检测结果不确定度的来源并建立数学模型,然后分别对引入的不确定度分量进行...     

Factors influencing consumer demand for U.S. pork exported to the Republic of Korea (South Korea)

The potential market for single-ribbed bellies and Boston butts in South Korea was characterized and quantitative selection criteria were identified for use by U.S. packers when selecting pork for export. South Korean retail meat market managers and traders/wholesalers in Seoul and Pusan were interviewed and asked to identify the quality attributes that are considered when making pork-purchasing decisions. In addition, pork labeling characteristics and meat display case measurements and space allocations were recorded in each retail store. Data from box labels were recorded in retail storage coolers to characterize pork products currently being merchandized in South Korea. Sample retail packages of belly and butt slices were collected and sent to a commercial laboratory for analysis of iodine values, ether-extractable fat content, total aerobic plate count (APC), total coliform count (TCC), and generic Escherichia coli count (ECC). No quality attributes of U.S. products exceeded the expectations of retailers. Quality attributes of U.S. pork products that exceeded the expectations of traders included presence of foreign material, marbling, tenderness, juiciness, flavor, and overall eating satisfaction. Traders/wholesalers assigned negative ratings for overall workmanship and adherence to purchase criteria for U.S. pork products. Retail APC for South Korean belly samples were higher (P < 0.05) than APC for U.S. belly samples. Retail TCC and ECC for butts and belly samples and APC for butt samples did not differ by country of origin. Retail prices for South Korean bellies were higher (P < 0.05) than prices for retail U.S. and Danish bellies. Pork butt prices did not differ (P > 0.05) by country of origin. Beef, pork, and poultry products comprised 66.8, 27.8, and 5.4%, respectively, of the total meat display case frontage. U.S. beef products occupied, on average, 18% of the total beef display area, whereas U.S. pork products comprised 2.6% of the total pork display case area.     

Microflora of two different types of poultry litter

1. The microbiological composition of litter (straw and wood shavings) was sampled, prior to placing 1-d-old chicks, during housing of the birds and after depopulation. Two independent trials were conducted. 2. The total aerobic plate count (APC) was determined and the predominant microflora of the samples was identified using flow charts. 3. Before chick placement, the APC of wood shavings (about 4.0 log/g) was lower than the APC of straw (about log 7.5/g). With stocking, in both types of litter the APC increased to about log 9.76/g straw-litter and log 9.89/g wood shavings, respectively. After depopulation, the APC remained high (> log 9 in both types of litter) within the period of observation. 4. From both experiments, 1981 isolates were collected and identified, most of them were Gram-positive. During stocking the birds, the number of Gram-positive isolates (in particular Gram-positive irregular rods and Micrococcaceae) increased; after depopulation it stayed at that high value, whereas the number of Gram-negative isolates remained low. In both types of litter the isolates were obtained in a comparable proportion.     

Positive effects of treatment of donor cells with aphidicolin on the preimplantation development of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos in Chinese Bama mini-pig (Sus Scrofa)

To optimize somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) procedures in mini-pigs, the present study was designed to examine the effects of donor cell types and aphidicolin (APC) treatment on in vitro development of reconstructed embryos. Oviduct epithelial cells (OEC), ear fibroblast cells (EFC) and cumulus cells (CC) derived from mini-pigs were treated with serum starvation only or serum starvation followed by treatment of 0.1 µg/mL APC. The reconstructed embryos were cultured for 7 days to evaluate their developmental competency. Cleavage and blastocyst formation rates of reconstructed embryos derived from the OEC by APC treatment were significantly higher than the serum starvation (61.82% vs. 56.25%, 24.55% vs. 17.86%; P < 0.05). The cleavage rate from the EFC was significantly increased by APC treatment compared to serum starvation only (63.36% vs. 57.01%; P < 0.05). In the ooctyes with the CC, the reconstructed embryos could yield high blastocyst formation rate by APC treatment (29.63%; P < 0.05). In the presence of APC, CC gave rise to the highest cleavage and blastocyst formation rates among the three cell types. Therefore, our results suggest that treatment of CC with serum starvation plus APC prior to nuclear transfer is more suitable in SCNT of mini-pigs.     

Presence of inoculated Campylobacter and Salmonella in unabsorbed yolks of male breeders raised as broilers

Day-old male broiler breeder chicks were obtained from a commercial hatchery and raised as broilers. For Experiment 1, at 5 wk of age, the broilers were orally inoculated with a 10(6) cfu/ml of a characterized strain of Campylobacter jejuni and a cocktail (three naladixic acid-resistant strains) of Salmonella serovars. One week after inoculation, the birds were euthanatized and defeathered. The abdominal cavity was examined and any unabsorbed yolk material (and remaining yolk stalk) and ceca were aseptically removed for microbiological analyses. For each pooled sample (two birds per pool), an aerobic plate count (APC), an Enterobacteriaceae (ENT) count, and a test for the presence of Campylobacter and Salmonella was performed. For Experiment 2, at 5 wk of age, the broilers were orally inoculated with 10(5) cfu/ml of a characterized strain of Campylobacter jejuni. One week after inoculation, the birds (n = 20) were killed, defeathered, and the yolk stalk, attached yolk, or free-floating yolk and ceca were individually analyzed for presence of Campylobacter. For Experiment 1, the Salmonella-inoculated birds had 2/12 ceca and 0/12 unabsorbed yolk samples positive for Salmonella. The average yolk APC was log10 3.4 cfu/g and the average ENT was log10 1.9 cfu/g. For the Campylobacter-inoculated birds, 12/12 ceca and 9/12 unabsorbed yolk samples were positive for Campylobacter. The average yolk APC was log10 3.5 cfu/g and the average ENT was log10 3.1 cfu/g. For Experiment 2, the inoculated Campylobacter birds had 19/20 ceca, 5/20 free floating yolks, and 19/20 yolk stalks positive. In Experiment 1, the inoculated Campylobacter colonized the ceca in every instance and were present in 75% of the unabsorbed yolks. Alternatively, the inoculated Salmonella were not found in any of the unabsorbed yolks and only rarely in the ceca. In Experiment 2, the inoculated Campylobacter was found in very high numbers in the yolk and internal body samples. Determining to what extent these internal bodies and unabsorbed yolks play in bacterial colonization and contamination of the birds at processing has not been determined. The next step will be to determine the incidence of unabsorbed yolks and presence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in these bodies of commercial broilers at processing.     

Effect of cattle management practices on raw milk quality on farms operating in a two-stage dairy chain

In many developing countries, milk production varies greatly according to farm size, cattle breed, and milking practices. However, production systems often are dominated by smallholder farms. Therefore, relatively small volumes of milk are delivered daily from numerous farms to intermediate cooperatives which supply industrial units. This paper argues that in such two-stage dairy chains, milk quality could be improved by focusing on farming practices rather than on the testing of individual deliveries. Indeed, it is difficult to analyze their quality due to technical, economic, and logistic limitations. The objective of this study is to link on-farm practices with milk chemical quality parameters (fat and protein) and hygienic quality criteria (Aerobic Plate Count, APC and Coliforms). Cattle management practices were monitored monthly over one year on 23 farms located on an irrigation scheme in Morocco. 276 milk samples were analyzed. The monthly variability of milk quality parameters was then characterized. Results show that average cow milk chemical parameters vary within a normal range. They remain primarily linked to the genetic type of cows, the lactation stage, and the conversion of feed concentrates’ net energy into milk. Overall milk hygienic quality was poor (APC and Coliforms counts were 100 fold international norms), due essentially to a lack of hygiene and inadequate milking conditions (hands, udder, and teat washing, type of bucket used, dirtiness of cows...). It is suggested that a close monitoring of herd management practices may allow the indirect control of milk quality parameters, thereby avoiding costly analyses of numerous smallholder milk deliveries.     

Application of European standards for health and quality control of game meat on game ranches in South Africa

The health and quality compliance of game carcasses (n = 295) intended for the South African export market and aspiring to comply with the strict hygiene requirements of the European Union were compared with game carcasses (n = 330) available for the local market and currently not subjected to meat safety legislation. Samples were collected in similar seasons and geographical areas in South Africa from 2006 to 2009. Aerobic plate counts (APC) of the heart blood verified that both groups possessed similar ante mortem bacterial status. For health compliance APC, tests for Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus were performed on the carcasses. Surfaces of the local carcasses were swabbed using the European Enviro-biotrace sponge technique at 3 and 72 h post mortem. Unskinned but eviscerated export carcasses in the abattoir were skinned and sampled by incision using a corkborer 72 h post mortem. Temperature and pH readings were recorded at 3 and 72 h post mortem from the longissimus dorsi muscle and the readings at 3 h differed (P = 0.035). Temperatures at 72 h were lower for export than local carcasses (P < 0.001) because of earlier introduction and maintenance of the cold chain. The pH readings also differed between groups at 3 and 72 h (P < 0.001). APC results for the local group exceeded the maximum permissible count (< 10(5)). S. aureus results showed differences (P < 0.001), with readings from the local group being higher. The same tendency was exhibited for E. coli (P = 0.008). Imposition of hygiene guidelines for game ranchers producing meat for the local market is therefore recommended.     

Analysis of microbiological and chemical quality of poultry meat in the vicinity of the Mbeubeuss landfill in Malika (Senegal)

A total of 100 samples of poultry meat were collected in poultry farms in the vicinity of the Mbeubeuss landfill in the Niayes (Senegal) for microbiological and chemical analysis. Fifty-four (54) samples were collected in farms located less than 1 km from the landfill and 46 samples were collected in farms located a bit further (more than 1 km from the landfill). Microbiological quality was determined using techniques recommended by Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR). Lead and cadmium concentration in poultry meat was measured by flame spectrometry while total mercury was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Three percent (3%) of the samples’ quality were unsatisfactory for E. coli, 1% for Staphylococci and 7% for Salmonella spp. Poor meat quality was found either in farms located less than 1 km of the landfill or in farms located at more than 1 km of the landfill. Except for Salmonella, only meat samples from poultry receiving drinking water from well showed unsatisfactory microbiological quality. The samples were free of cadmium and lead but were contaminated by mercury. Sixty-eight percent (68%) of the samples contained mercury with a high contamination level (>0.011 mg/kg) in 20% of the samples. No significant difference was found between the farms that were nearest to and further away from the landfill while the source of drinking water seemed to be the main cause of contamination of poultry meat by mercury.     

四川烤烟主产区烟叶感官质量及主要化学成分分析

本研究通过在四川烤烟主产区设置田间试验,分析了不同烟区烟叶的外观质量、内在质量以及糖、总氮、烟碱、氯、钾、有机酸以及石油醚提取物等常规化学成分。分析结果显示,烟叶的外观质量以德昌、元坝、盐边点的为好;烟叶感官质量以德昌、盐边点较好;烟叶化学成分方面,所有点的烟叶总糖与还原糖的含量均较高;在总植物碱含量方面,上部烟叶的含量偏高(基本大于2.5％),而中下部叶表现适宜;总氮及氯的含量基本适宜(1.5％～2.5％);钾含量变化较大(1.50%～2.46%);石油醚提取物含量均超过了2.0％;部分烟叶有机酸含量均超过16.0％。在糖碱比方面,大多数烟叶样品的糖碱比在8~12适宜范围内。本研究结果表明,攀枝花与凉山地区是四川省最适宜发展优质烟叶生产的区域。     

Effects of oils on feed mildew and quality

This study was performed to determine the effects of oils on feed mildew and feed quality. Under different moisture content conditions (10%, 13% and 16%), the basal feeds were supplemented with 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and 12% soybean oil. In addition, at different moisture content levels (10%, 13% and 16%), the basal feed was supplemented with 12% of various types of oil (soybean, peanut, corn and fish). Subsequently, a mixed mold spore suspension was added. The feed samples were incubated at 28°C, and the total mold, water activity (Aw), moisture, acid value, crude protein (CP), crude lipid (CL), crude ash (CA) and nitrogen‐free extract (NFE) levels were determined at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. The results showed no significant variations in the feed moisture, CP, CL, CA and NEF contents. However, the acid value gradually increased in the feed samples with an extended incubation time and increasing initial moisture. The feed moisture content was a critical factor controlling feed mildew, and high levels of oil supplementation caused an elevated Aw. Additionally, peanut oil promoted mold growth in feed. These results provide a reference for the production and scientific management of formulated feed.     

Prospective Evaluation of Coagulation in Critically Ill Neonatal Foals

Background: Coagulopathy is a potentially underrecognized complication of sepsis and septic shock in critically ill neonatal foals.
Hypothesis: Critically ill neonatal foals have abnormalities in coagulation that are associated with disease severity and outcome.
Animals: Foals <72 hours old admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit.
Methods: Prospective, observational study. Blood was collected at admission, 24, and 48 hours for platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, antithrombin activity and concentrations of fibrin degradation products, and fibrinogen in plasma from all foals.
Results: Sixty-three foals were enrolled and classified as Septic Shock (12), Septic (28), and Other (23). At least 1 abnormal value was found in 18/28 (64%) samples from the Septic Shock group, 66/85 (78%) from the Septic group, and 30/59 (51%) from the Other group ( P = .01). Coagulopathy (3 or more abnormal values) was present in 7/28 (25%) samples in the Septic Shock group, 14/85 (16%) samples in the Septic group, and 3/59 (5%) samples in the Other group ( P = .0028). Clinically detectable bleeding occurred in 8/12 (67%) Septic Shock cases, 11/28 (39%) Septic cases, and 3/23 (13%) Other cases ( P = .009). Foals in Septic Shock were 12.7 times more likely to have clinical evidence of bleeding than those in the Other group (95% CI 2.3–70, P = .004). Treatment with fluids or plasma did not have a detectable effect on coagulation values.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Coagulopathy commonly occurs in critically ill neonatal foals, especially those with sepsis and septic shock.     

Immunologic factors related to survival and performance in neonatal swine

Logistic regression was used to develop models predicting preweaning survival in 334 neonatal swine. Measured risk factors included birth weight, litter size (live born), dam parity, serum IgG concentration, serum ELISA titers recognizing common gram-negative core antigens, and serum concentrations of the third component of complement. Larger birth weights were associated with increased probability of preweaning survival. The highest mortality was observed in litters with more than 12 pigs. Pigs with serum concentration of the third component of complement (C3) in the lowest stratum, less than 20% adult pooled C3 standard (APC3), had reduced mortality, compared with high (greater than 38% APC3) and middle (20 to 38% APC3) groups. Associations between all other variables, including total serum IgG concentration and preweaning survival were not significant. Few pigs had hypogammaglobulinemia, less than 3% of the study population had serum IgG concentrations less than 1 g/dl. Of all measured variables, only birth weight and dam parity were significant predictors of preweaning gain. Larger pigs and pigs born to third or greater parity dams had more preweaning gain than other pigs.     

Evaluation of the hygienic quality and associated public health hazards of raw milk marketed by smallholder dairy producers in the Dar es Salaam region, Tanzania

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine three parameters of the quality of the raw milk marketed by milk selling points (MSPs) in Dar es Salaam region. Total bacterial count (TBC) was used as an indicator of the microbial quality of the milk; antimicrobial residues were determined; and the California mastitis test (CMT) was used to screen for milk somatic cells as an indication of the mastitis level in the cows that provided the milk. Moreover, a water sample at each MSP was taken for bacteriological culturing. Finally, a questionnaire survey was conducted with the milk sellers at the MSPs to identify risk factors for poor milk hygiene. A total of 128 milk samples and corresponding water samples were collected from randomly selected milk selling points in Dar es Salaam region. The mean TBC was (8.2± 1.9) × 10⁶ cfu/ml, and major bacterial isolates from the milk samples were Escherichia coli (6.3%), Bacillus cereus (6.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (6.3%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (6.3%), Enterobacter aerogenes (5.6%) and Enterococcus faecalis (4.7%). In most cases, the organisms identified in milk corresponded to those isolated from the corresponding water samples. Of milk samples, 79.0% were positive to the CMT and 7.0% were positive for antimicrobial residues. TBC was normalized by log-transformation, and the possible predictors of TBC were identified by fitting two linear regression models. In a random effect model, water microbial quality, frequency of cleaning the milk containers, frequency of milk supply, milk storage time and the type of containers, and mixing of fresh and previous milk were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the mean log TBC. In a fixed effect model, in addition to these indicators, water shortage, water source and the refrigerator condition were significantly (p ≤ 0.01) associated with log TBC. It was concluded that the milk sold in Dar es Salaam region is of poor quality and is of public health significance.     

传染性支气管炎病毒青岛腺胃分离株(SD/97/02)基质蛋白、5a、5b 蛋白基因的克隆和序列分析

参考 Gen Bank上的传染性支气管炎病毒 (IBV)序列 ,自行设计合成了 3条引物 ,对 IBV青岛腺胃分离株 (SD/97/ 0 2 ) RNA进行 RT- PCR扩增 ,扩增含基质蛋白 (M)及 5 a、5 b蛋白基因的约 1.6 5 kb的片段 ,对 PCR产物进行克隆后测序。序列分析显示 ,M蛋白基因与其他 IBV相应的基因同源性在 90 .33%～ 92 .75 %之间 ,氨基酸序列比较 ,同源性在 89.82 %～ 94.2 5 %之间 ;5 a基因与其他 IBV的基因同源性在 84.34 %～ 87.37%之间 ,氨基酸同源性在 81%～82 %;5 b基因与其他 IBV的基因同源性在 91%～ 92 %之间 ,氨基酸同源性在 93%左右。     

Cryopreservation of llama semen using a combination of permeable cryoprotectants

Semen cryopreservation is not available for massive use in South American Camelids (SACs) due to the lack of an efficient protocol and the low pregnancy rates obtained with artificial insemination (AI). The use of a single cryoprotectant (CP) is commonly used in SACs frozen semen. The objective of the study was to evaluate the combined cryoprotective capacity of two permeable CPs at different stages of the cryopreservation protocol in llama semen. Sixteen ejaculates from 4 llama males were analysed, and sperm quality was assayed in raw semen, at 5°C, after equilibration of samples with the CPs and when samples were thawed. The following CPs and combination were used: 6% glycerol (GL), 6% dimethylformamide (DMF) and the combination of both CPs: 3% GL and 3% DMF. A Kruskal–Wallis test and an experimental factorial design, considering one factor with four levels (raw semen, 6% GL, 6% DMF and GL/DMF), were used. Total sperm motility and live sperm with intact acrosomes remained unchanged after equilibration of samples (p > .05). A significant decrease in the percentage of functional membrane, motile and live sperm with intact acrosomes was observed when samples were thawed (GL, DMF and GL/DMF). Nevertheless, the cryopreservation protocols used preserved sperm DNA quality; thus, sperm chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation were unaffected (p > .05) when GL, DMF and GL/DMF were used. To conclude, no superiority was found between the use of a single or a combination of permeable cryoprotectants to freeze llama semen.     

Survival of Enterococcus hirae in ripened cheese subjected to ultra high pressure

The samples of a sliced, hard cheese were placed in commercially used polyamide-polyethylene bags, inoculated with E. hirae and sealed under vacuum. The samples were exposed to high hydrostatic pressure of 300, 400 and 500 MPa for 5, 10 and 15 min. The number of surviving E. hirae and Aerobic Plate Counts (APC) were determined. The bacterial counts were transformed to logarithms and D-values (time required for decimal reduction of E. hirae at given pressure) were calculated using linear regression method. It was found that numbers of E. hirae decreased with the increase of pressure and prolongation of treatment time. D-values amounted to: D300MPa - 33.67 min, D400MPa - 17.83 min and D500MPa - 16.03 min. The obtained results indicate that E. hirae is one of the most resistant vegetative bacteria to ultra high pressure treatment.     

新型青贮添加剂对玉米青贮品质的影响

试验采用近红外光谱分析,评价了自主研发的新型复合青贮添加剂(主要成分为乳酸菌和纤维素酶)对玉米青贮品质的影响.样品来自宁夏、新疆和河南等12个牧场,分别采集新型复合青贮添加剂使用前后的玉米青贮样品各3份,共72份青贮样品.结果 显示,在使用新型复合青贮添加剂的青贮样品中,乳酸含量比对照组提高了2％,pH值降低了1.5％...     

Udder health in dairy cattle infected with Neospora caninum

Blood samples were collected from 3449 cows on 57 representative Ontario dairy herds during the summer of 1998 and analysed for antibody to Neospora caninum using an ELISA. Forty-eight herds (2742 cattle) contained at least one N. caninum-seropositive animal. Two composite milk samples were collected from all cattle: the first on the day of blood collection and the second 68 to 365 days later. All milk samples were submitted for bacteriological culture. Ontario Dairy Herd Improvement Corporation (DHI) data were available for 3162 cattle in the 57 herds at the time of bleeding. Furthermore, complete DHI data were available for 1658 cattle that were culled between 12 and 24 months following blood collection. Using a standardised ELISA sample-to-positive (S/P) cut-off of ≥0.45, the corrected seroprevalence was 8.2% overall and 10.1% within seropositive herds. At blood collection the odds of N. caninum-seropositive cows having a high linear score (≥4.0; equivalent to a somatic cell count ≥200,000 cells/ml) was 27% less than for seronegative animals. Similarly, at the time of culling, the odds of having a high linear score was 22% less in N. caninum-seropositive cattle. Overall, linear score was lower in N. caninum-seropositive cattle at culling. After controlling for herd, parity, days in milk, and the interval between collection of milk samples, the odds of N. caninum-seropositive cattle testing positive for an environmental pathogen (i.e. environmental Streptococcus species and coliforms) on the second milk sample was 56% less than for seronegative animals. The odds were 83% less at a higher ELISA S/P cut-off of ≥0.70. Finally, the odds of N. caninum-seropositive cattle developing a new infection with a major pathogen (environmental or contagious) were 60% less than seronegative cows using the higher ELISA S/P cut-off.     

Diversity of chemical composition, dry matter intake, in vivo digestibility and in situ dry matter degradability of oat hay (Avena sativa)

Diversity of chemical composition, in vivo digestibility and in situ dry matter degradability of oat hay (Avena sativa) were studied. Oat hay samples obtained from 22 batches imported were analyzed for chemical composition. The result showed a wide range of variations in crude protein (3.9–8.8%, on a dry matter basis), crude fiber (22.1–35.2%), nitrogen free extract (50.0–66.0%), organic cellular contents (23.4–40.0%), organic cell wall (53.1–70.8%), organic a (4.1–9.8%), organic b (49.0–63.8%) fractions and the estimated total digestible nutrients (50.3–63.8%) from the organic components. Of these, four oat hay samples were used for the measurement of dry matter intake, in vivo digestibility and in situ dry matter degradability in sheep. Significant differences were observed for the dry matter intake, in vivo digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber and nitrogen free extract, dry matter disappearance at 48 h and effective degradability at k = 0.05 h^?1 of the samples (P < 0.05). The results revealed a wide range of diversity of nutritional quality of the imported oat hay that could have an affect on production potential in animals.     

植物乳杆菌和含水量对辣木叶青贮品质和单宁含量的影响

试验旨在探讨含水量和添加植物乳杆菌对辣木叶青贮品质、单宁含量的影响。采用双因素(水分×植物乳杆菌)完全随机设计,含水量分别为60%、70%和75%,植物乳杆菌设置添加组(1×10^6 cfu·g^-1鲜样)和对照组。分别于青贮的60和120 d,开袋取样测定发酵品质、蛋白组分和单宁含量。辣木叶干物质中粗蛋白(CP)含量为16.72%,可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量为10.72%。含水量对辣木叶青贮品质有显著影响,70%含水量组与60%水量组相比,氨态氮(NH3-N)、氨基酸类游离氮(FAA)、乙酸(AA)、丙酸(PA)和乳酸(LP)含量均显著降低(P<0.05);在70%含水量条件下,添加植物乳杆菌,有机酸(LA、AA、PA)含量显著升高(P<0.05),乳酸菌(LAB)和酵母菌(Yeast)数目显著降低(P<0.05);发酵60 d时,在60%和75%含水量条件下,添加植物乳杆菌,pH值显著降低(P<0.05);所有处理的大肠杆菌数量均小于2.0 log cfu·g^-1FM。不同含水量和植物乳杆菌对辣木叶青贮后单宁含量均有降低作用,但无显著差异(P>0.05)。辣木叶蛋白丰富,易于调制青贮饲料,70%含水量和添加植物乳杆菌对辣木叶青贮品质有明显的改善作用,对降解单宁含量并未产生显著影响。