SECONDARY SUCCESSION OF NATURAL KOREAN PINE FORESTS

ThereisatractofsecondaryforestsinnatUfKoreanghn(Pinuskorniensis)forestndon-FenlinNatUrReserveswithanareaofl8l65.4hIn,locatedinthesouthslopeofXiaOking'anlingMountain.ThisresearchwascAnedoutonthesuccessionofhosstandNATURAL0unS0FwiSTANDSInl93l,therewasawildfireinthevir-ginKoreanPineforests,whichstretchedfromShanggedingalongTangwangffivertonorth-eastuntilstandNo.32OfFenglinNatureRe-serves.Thefiredareawasabout2,44Ohm2.TOdate,thestandsisbroadleavedmixedfOr-estsdOndnatedbywhitebirch(…     

SMALL-DIAMETER KOREAN PINES AND THEIR ROLES INNATURAL KOREAN PINE FOREST

lNTRODUCTloNKorcanpincforcst'asaclimaxofcastlnounta1nsinNortheast-isalt"a}simportantobjcctforforcstcrstostlld}.AIthougllman}'cxpcrtsllax'cn1assi\'cI}'stlldicdthcdy'nal11icsproccssofKorcanpincforest.thcstudlesinsolllcaspcctsstilIIackdcpth'ct'cnl1at'cgaps.Sillccslnall-dianlcterKorcanpincsplayaIinL-lllgIbrlllerandlattcrroIcinKorcanpincforcstd}'llaIl1icsproccss.tl1cstudicsaboutsn1all-dlan1ctcrKorcal1pil1cs-origlnatiol1'gro\Y1l1cllaractcrandthcirrclatiol1stostandstnICt1Ircundoubtcd1}oflbr…     

红松分杈原因分析及解决措施

红松林树干分杈不仅在天然林中非常普遍,而且在人工林中亦日益严重。通过对红松林木的分杈原因进行分析,提出了解决措施。     

The natural regeneration pattern and process of Korean pine population under natural Poplar-birch forest in Xiaoxing’an Mountains

According to a great deal of field investigation and detailed indoor analysis, the natural regeneration pattern and process of Korean pine population under natural Poplar-birch forest has been uncovered. The results show that the regeneration quantity and quality of Korean pine population under mountainous Poplar-birch forest and mountainous white birch forest are better than those under valley moss-grass White Birch forest and virgin broad-leaved Korean pine forest. Korean pine population shows aggregated distribution, the mass-occurrence period of Korean pine population is behind the mass-occurrence period of Poplar-birch population. Various aged Korean pines growth is affected by different stand structure factors. Man-made lighting tending can accelerate the regeneration process and increase the regeneration quality of Korean pine population. It is feasible to set up regeneration recombination of upper layer White Birch and lower layer Korean pines.     

The possibility analysis of natural poplar-birch forest recovery to broad-leaf Korean pine forest through the method of life table in the Xioaxing’an Mountains

The basic principle of life table method is described, and the method of tree height instead of tree age in static life table is suggested, and it is also discussed that the possibility of natural poplar-birch forest recover to broad-leaf Korean pine forest on low pitches in the Xiaoxing’an Mountains by this method. If there is no particular situation, Korean pines after high than 5m under natural Poplar-birch forest will basically survive and make their way into dominant canopy accompanied by climax broad-leaf species.     

THE NATURAL REGENERATION PATTERN AND PROCESS OF KOREAN PINE POPULATION UNDER NATURAL POPLAR-BIRCH FOREST IN XIAOXING''''AN MOUNTAINS

Broad-lcafKorcanpi11cforcstbccol11csPoplar-bircl1forcstaftcrburntandfcllcdinbigarcas.Ca11tl1iskindofPopIar-bircl1forcstrccot'crtoclin1axco1nl11unity-trirginbroadlcafKorcanpincforcst9Whatistl1erclationsl1ipbctt`.ccnPoplar-birchforcstandKorcanpil1cforcst?Ho`"docsKorcanpincPOpu1ationrc-gencratcundcrnaturaIPoplar-birchforcst?AllthescprobICInsl1a\'caIrcad}'attractcdforcstcrsattcntionforaIOI1gtil11c.Tllccarh'studicsshox'cd:itt'asinct-ita-blcthatbirchforcstcouldfonnonbun1ingsitesx"ithil1t'irg…     

THE POSSIBILITY ANALYSIS OF NATURAL POPLAR-BIRCH FOREST RECOVERY TO BROAD-LEAF KOREAN PINE FOREST THROUGH THE METHOD OF LIFE TABLE IN THE XIOAXING''''AN MOUNTAINS

ManyforcstcrsbasicallyaffirmedthatPoplar-birchforestcouldrecovertobroad-leafKoreanPineforcst.Thisconclusion,however,wasmainlygaincdthroughobsers'ationsontl1cspotandgencraldcductions.ThispaPCrex-ploitsthecharacterthatlifet9blecanshowpopuIationde\)cloplncnttoexprcssthcsituationofPOpulationsurvivalanddcathalongwithageincreasinga11dtheorclicalIycxplainthcPOssibility'ofPop1ar-birchforestreeoverytobroad-leafKorcanPineforcst.THEoRYANDMETHoDTheageoforganismPopulation--TledataofsPeCicsdeath…     

结构化森林经营方法在阔叶红松林中的应用

介绍了结构化森林经营的基本理论与主要技术,包括数据调查、林分状态特征分析、经营设计以及经营效果评价等,并以东北阔叶红松林经营实践为例,具体介绍了结构化森林经营方法的应用。应用结构化森林经营方法分析表明,经营阔叶红松林林分为次生林状态,经营类型为抚育间伐型,经营迫切性评价等级为比较迫切,经营方向为提高林分的健康水平和顶极树种的优势程度。本次经营调整顶极树种竞争势及树种混交76株,采伐不健康林木122株。经营后效果评价表明:经营强度属于轻度干扰,顶极树种和主要伴生树种红松、杉松、黄波罗、椴树、核桃楸等的优势度较经营前明显上升,林分中健康林木比例明显上升。本次经营达到了经营目标。     

基于“近自然林业”的红松林主要树种重要值的研究

以“近自然林业”为指导思想,对凉水自然保护区不同类型红松林主要树种的重要值进行了研究。结果表明：红松在天然林内并不占据优势地位;红松人工纯林内红松的重要值都很大,都大于同林分内的阔叶树主要树种的重要值之和;林隙透光抚育林内红松的重要值为107．98％,而其他几个阔叶树种色木、白桦、椴树和杨树的重要值相加为121．69％,主要树种中针叶树种和阔叶树种的比值接近1∶1,这种重要值的比率使整个林分的针阔比处于一种平衡的状态。     

东北地区阔叶红松林恢复的相关问题研究

东北林区现有林经营面临的首要任务是恢复阔叶红松林。栽针保阔是恢复阔叶红松林的科学理论,但还需时间的检验并不断完善。天保工程的实施为提高现有林生产力、恢复阔叶红松林提供了历史机遇,但在实施过程中还存在诸多问题,需要转变观念,正确认识。以近自然森林经营理论为指导,适当发展红松人工林具有重要意义,落叶松人工林可以通过人为诱导向阔叶红松林发展。传统意义上的封山育林不利于阔叶红松林的恢复,应由“封山”向“育林”转变。     

天然红松林下的更新和林分类型的关系

通过对天然红松林下的更新进行调查,阐明了天然红松林下的更新好坏和林分类型及立地条件有着密切的关系,对今后天然红松林经营起到借鉴作用.     

黑龙江省红松林主要害虫及防治技术

论述了黑龙江省红松林主要害虫的种类、分类地位、危害部位以及危害程度,共包括5个目14科36种。其中,枝梢及球果害虫松梢象、冷杉梢斑螟、微红梢斑螟以及食叶害虫落叶松毛虫是黑龙江省红松林的最主要害虫。同时,还提出了黑龙江省红松林主要害虫的综合防治技术措施。     

STUDY ON THE SITE OF KOREAN PINE PLANTATION ON THE MAOER MOUNTAIN

1NTRODUCT1oNMaoerMountainliesintheeasternpartofnortheastChinamountainareawithinthenaturalgeographicaldistributionrangeofavaluabletimberspeciesofKoreanpine(PinusKoraiensis).Foraboatmorethanlooyears,cuttinganddestroyingcontinued;f9wnaturalprimaryKoreanpineforestsleft.AlargeareaofKoreanpineplantations,nevertheless,has'grownupastimegoing.Itisapressingproblemforushowtocultivatethemwell,andtorecoveranddevelopthemraPidlyinourforestproductionandscientificresearch.FortheKoreanpinetree,peopledid…     

Study of structure and dynamics of Korean pine forest in the Xiaoxing’an Mountains

The thesis for the Doctorate consist of two parts. The first is to study on structure, dynamics and tree growth of natural Korean pine forest. The second is to research for tree architecture, growth and stand structure of artificial Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) forests.The thesis compares the stand structure, process of regeneration, and various tree growth patterns between natural forests and artificial forests. Its purpose is to give a basis for forest management and silviculture. The study was carried out in Liangshui Experimental Forest Farm, which is located in the southern Xiaoxing’an Mountains.     

红松干果林改建培育技术

红松是长白山区的主要乡土树种,曾经与阔叶树相拌形成顶极群落,在通化地区广泛分布。由于红松材质列各树种之首,长期以来倍受人们推崇和青睐,加之生长周期较长,所以该区域天然红松已非常稀少,被列入珍贵树种名单,因此,如何加快红松人工林的培育是一个重要课题。     

红松直播造林与植苗更新的对照试验

介绍了红松直播造林与植苗更新的试验方法。通过直播与植苗两种造林方式的对照分析,得出在天然次生林下直播红松是顺应自然的一种更新造林方法,它具有抗性强、免抚易管理的优点,与红松植苗相比既可做到免抚,又能降低生产成本,是加快恢复小兴安岭森林顶极群落--阔叶红松林行之有效的方法。     

Age structure of Tilia broad-leaved Korean pine forest on northern slope of Changbai Mountain

IntroductionAgestructureoftrees,whichreflcctsrcge11eratio11processandvelocity,meansquantityoftreesdividingbyage.Broad-leavedKoreanpineforestwastl1etypicalzol1alvegetationofChangbaiMountaininNortheastO1ina,anditwastheprimarygymnospermconununitysurvivedaftertheQuatemaryGlacierPeriod.Alotofcommunityinf`)r-mationaccumulatCdinthestr-uctllreofforeststandsa11dgrowingprocessofindividualtrees.So,athoroughstUdyonagestructureanditsdistributiol1ofbroad-leavedKore-anpine.forestwouldprovidetl1eoretical…     

谈五营林业局红松林的人工更新

通过对黑龙江省森工林区五营林业局红松林三种更新方式的对比分析,指出该林区红松林分的最佳经营方式为人工更新造林。     

Growth models and site index table of natural Korean pine forests

IntroductionKoreanpine(PinuskOraiensisSieb.etZucc.)isoneofthemostimportanttimberspeciesanditisnaturaIIydistributedinHeilongjiang,JiIinandLiaon-ingprovincesinChina.ManyforestryresearchersmadeextensiveandprofoundstudiesonthisspeciesJiangYiyin(1985)studiedthegroWthandgrowthmodelsforpIantationsofKoreanpine.However,veryfewpaperswerefoundonthegroWthmodeIsofnaturalKoreanpineforest.Koreanpinehasa1onggroWthperiod.ForextensivelymanagingKoreanpineforest,itneedstheJorestrytabIeswithhighac-Curacy…     

STUDY OF STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF KOREAN PINE FOREST IN THE XIAOXING′AN MOUNTAINS

THEMAINCoNTENToNTHENATURALFORESTAgeStTucture,SpatialPattern,andDynamicsofKoreanPineForestSpa-halpatternoftrees,basalstemincrementandheightwereexaminedina5.ohm2mixeddeciduous/Pinuskoraiensisfor-est.ConcIusionsareasfollowingtAgestructureAgedeterminationsonthestudyplotshowthatKoreanpineisalonglivedtreespeciesandunevenagedpopuIation.ThegeneraIecoIogicalIongevi-tyisabout3OO-4oOyear-o1d.TheoverstoryKoreanpinetreesincludeawiderangeofage,themaximumageofKoreanpinetreeonthestudyp1ot…