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抗生素对中华鳖血液白细胞吞噬活性影响的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
众多研究结果表明 ,进入机体内的致病菌的彻底清除 ,依赖于机体自身免疫系统与外界抗菌药物的共同作用[1,2 ] 。对于患病动物而言 ,正是由于机体防御机能和病原菌之间的作用平衡被打乱而使病原微生物得以在其体内大量繁衍。已有研究结果表明 ,选用适当的抗菌药物不仅能使进入机体内的病原菌的生长被抑制或杀灭 ,同时还能激发机体的某些免疫机能[2 ] 。然而 ,目前在水产养殖中选择使用防治细菌性疾病的药物时 ,几乎只考虑到了抗菌药物对致病菌的抑菌作用 ,而未考虑抗菌药物对机体免疫功能的影响问题。关于水产养殖中抗菌药物的免疫药理学研究… 相似文献
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据分析:在甲壳动物废壳中含钙、锶、镁等矿物质活性元素约30种,氨基酸类10余种,以及其它多肽、胶原等物质。这些物质大多数为鱼、虾、蟹等生长发育,提高免疫力及增加体质抗病等必需成分。如"钙、硒、锶、镁、钴"为鱼、虾、蟹长鳞、壳及骨骼等必要元素;"锌、镍、磷"为神经系统和生殖系统的重要组分;"钾、 相似文献
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螺旋藻在水产养殖上被广泛应用于鱼、虾、蟹、贝的饵料或饲料添加剂.它具有高蛋白、高营养、高消化吸收率,增强和调节机体免疫力等特性,它含有较多的胡萝卜素、维生素和微量元素.其特殊的类胡萝卜素有增色和改善鱼体肉质的作用.我国对螺旋藻的研究在70年代就开始了,并作为藻类蛋白源开发列入"七五"国家科技攻关项目.螺旋藻蛋白以其优质、天然,且不造成污染而被联合国粮农组织推荐为"21世纪最优秀的营养食品"之一. 相似文献
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罗氏沼虾血清凝集素的凝集作用及糖的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前水产动物疾病的免疫防治正作为一个水产养殖研究的热点。针对罗氏沼虾,有必要先了解其自身免疫活性物质的特性。而血清中的凝集素是参与识别、凝集、调理、促吞噬等免疫防御作用的体液免疫因子。其对细胞的凝集作用通过对细胞表面糖结构的识别及可逆结合等途径来达到。本文对罗氏沼虾血清中凝集素的凝集特性及糖的体内外作用进行了分析,以期为进一步探讨罗氏沼虾免疫防御机理打下理论基础。一、材料与方法1-罗氏沼虾血清的制备实验用虾为我院水产基地养殖的罗氏沼虾。心脏穿刺抽取血液,经3000r/min离心5min,除去沉淀… 相似文献
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水硬度对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼发育的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用不同硬度的水对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼进行饲养。6周龄幼鱼在硬度为7.94°dH±0.30°dH时饲养84d后,比在硬度为14.71°dH±0.23°dH水中的幼鱼个体大,生长速度快。表明较高硬度的水有利于七彩神仙鱼幼鱼的生长发育。 相似文献
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The variation of virulence of Renibacterium salmoninarum , the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) in salmonid fish, was studied by infecting rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), with two isolates (strains 325 and 932) from diseased Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and one isolate (strain 4366) from an apparently healthy Atlantic salmon. Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), were injected with the strain 932 to estimate difference in fish species resistance. Fish were removed by random sampling for other study purposes, a study design possible with analysis of lifetime distributions incorporating both sampling-, death- and survival-times. At the end of the experiment, the rainbow trout infected with strains 325, 932 and 4366 had a survival probability of 33%, 51% and 72%, respectively. The coho salmon infected with strain 932 had a 26% survival probability. The strain differences were significant according to the log-rank test, and the risk ratio between the strains ranged from 1·8 to 5·4. The strain from the apparently healthy fish was least virulent. The survival of the fish species was different over time. Rainbow trout were more likely to die early in the time course, but high numbers of coho died later, resulting in an overall risk of mortality of 1·4 in favour of rainbow trout. Differences in virulence may reflect changed selective pressure on R. salmoninarum when introduced from feral stocks into the environment of fish farms. 相似文献
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《水生生物资源》2003,16(5):461-465
Anti-proteinase activity was demonstrated in the seminal plasma of cyprinid fish species (bream, chub, ide, dace, asp, goldfish, roach, common carp) using electrophoretic techniques combined with a detection method based on inhibition of bovine trypsin. We found species-specific protease inhibitors in the seminal plasma of cyprinids. At least three bands of protease inhibitors with different migration rates could be identified by native PAGE. Higher variability was characterized for bands with slower migration rates. Visualization of inhibitors after SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions allowed estimation of their molecular weights. Apparent molecular weights were within the range of 51–59 and 47–54 kDa for the bands with slower and moderate migration rates, respectively. The molecular weight of fast migration bands for roach and common carp were estimated to 23 and 30 kDa, respectively. Inhibitors of common carp seminal plasma differed in their affinity toward serine proteases. Three inhibitors in common carp seminal plasma could be visualized using cod and bovine trypsin, but only two inhibitors (of high molecular weight) were recognized with chymotrypsin. There were differences in anti-proteinase activity and seminal plasma protein concentration in relation to the origin of common carp seminal plasma (breeding lines) and time of milt collection (spawning vs. post-spawning season). 相似文献
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该研究通过肉眼观察、镜检,进行干露、饥饿、盐度突降、福尔马林等抗性试验,并采用病毒检测等方法,以期建立评估斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)虾苗活力和质量标准。结果表明,斑节对虾健康虾苗具有趋光性、集群性,体表光洁,肌肉透亮,肠胃食物充盈等特性。测试虾苗干露时间以15min为宜,健康虾苗干露后能立即恢复活力,而病弱虾苗多出现死亡、昏迷现象;虾苗的成活率随饥饿时间的延长而降低,随福尔马林浓度升高和时间延长而降低,随盐度突降幅度增加而降低。健康虾苗能忍受100~200μL·L^-1福尔马林溶液30min,成活率近100%;在盐度20~30下虾苗的成活情况较好,而其在淡水中仅能存活1h。对虾苗进行病毒检测,可以避免养殖中因虾苗携带病毒而可能导致的病毒性疾病的暴发。 相似文献
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鳟鱼发眼卵和旨种运输是养鳟生产的重要环节。发眼卵多在冬季和早春运输,苗种多在晚春和夏季运输。苗种运输大多以鱼篓充氧进行短距离汽车运输,长途运输冷水性鱼苗种的实例很少。本文总结了金鳟和虹鳟苗种长途运输方法,以期与养鳟业界共同交流提高。一、包装材料和方法内包装材料是苗种运输专用塑料袋,规格54×104cm,外包装是泡沫塑料箱,规格63.5×45.5×30.5cm,纸箱规格64×46×32.5cm。塑料袋采取双层式,内装苗种和水共12.5kg,其中苗种0.5-1.3kg,100-2000尾。起运前苗种停食1-2天。运鱼用水水温调至6℃,鱼、水入袋后袋内… 相似文献
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牙鲆刺激隐核虫病的防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2005年七、八月份,乐亭、滦南一带多家工厂化牙鲆养殖场发生刺激隐核虫病,此种病虫害发病急、传染快、死亡率高。发生过该病的养殖场牙鲆死亡率一般都在50%~80%之间,这种病害给牙鲆养殖业带来很大损失。 相似文献
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该研究选取具有多态性的6对微卫星引物对构建的2批合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)完全双列杂交家系的遗传多样性进行了分析。6个微卫星标记在9个家系360个个体中共检测到32个等位基因,有效等位基因(Ne)为1.758 7~3.586 5,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.144 4~0.488 9,期望杂合度(He)为0.432 0~0.722 2,Shannon指数(I)为0.691 9~1.507 4。9个家系都有单态位点,平均Ho为0.129 2~0.466 7,平均He为0.155 0~0.439 6,平均I为0.248 5~0.712 2。有19个位点(占35.19%)极显著地偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡。各家系之间的遗传距离为0.109 0~1.137 2,遗传相似性系数为0.320 7~0.896 8。家系L4B46与L4B48的遗传距离最大,与D3D313的遗传距离最小。UPGMA法聚类分析显示,9个家系分为3支,L4B48单独成一支,B4D426、B4D427与D4B445聚成一支,其余家系聚成一支。该研究结果为合浦珠母贝家系选择育种的亲本选择与交配设计提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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猪的胎盘属于弥散型胎盘,这种胎盘的结构特点和饲养管理的不当,常常导致母猪胎衣不下发生,给生猪的生产繁殖带来极大损失。本文针对母猪胎衣不下发生病因、综合防治进行详细阐述,旨在对预防和治疗胎衣不下能有所帮助。 相似文献