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1.
普通小麦籽粒黄色素含量的QTL分析   总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24  
小麦面粉黄色度b*值是反映面粉颜色的重要指标,主要与籽粒黄色素含量有关。利用122对SSR引物、4对贮藏蛋白STS引物和10对AFLP引物组合,分析了中优9507´CA9632的71个DH系,构建了由173个位点组成的遗传连锁图,在小麦21个连锁群上覆盖2 881 cM。将该群体种植2年共计5个地点,测定籽粒黄色素和面粉黄色度b*值含量。采用复合区间作图法(CIM)进行了籽粒黄色素含量和面粉黄色度QTL分析。结果表明,面粉黄色度b*值的QTL位于染色体1DS、2DL、3A、4D、5D、6AL、6D和7AL上,其中7AL的QTL效应最大,贡献率为12.9%~37.6%;籽粒黄色素含量的QTL位于染色体2DL、3DL、4A、5A和7AL,其中7AL的QTL效应最大,贡献率为12.1%~33.9%。面粉黄色度b*值与籽粒黄色素含量共同的QTL位于7AL,与Xgwm264b紧密连锁,遗传距离分别为0~3.9 cM和0~0.9 cM。  相似文献   

2.
水稻株高QTL分析及其与产量QTL的关系   总被引:18,自引:6,他引:18  
分别应用具有112和160个标记位点的两个籼/籼交组合的F2群体的连锁图,对控制水稻株高的数量性状基因(QTL)进行了研究.各定位了4个和3个株高QTL,每个QTL的贡献率在5.6%~22.9%之间.在一个群体中,4个QTL都表现为完全显性或超显性;在另一个群体中,3个QTL均表现为部分显性.分别检测到7对和5对影响株高的双基因互作,其中一个群体以  相似文献   

3.
普通小麦多酚氧化酶活性的QTL分析   总被引:34,自引:0,他引:34  
多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase, PPO)是引起面团(片)颜色褐变的主要原因。利用122对SSR引物、4对贮藏蛋白的STS引物和10对AFLP引物组合,分析了中优9507´CA9632的71个DH系的基因型,构建了由173个位点组成的遗传连锁图,在小麦21个连锁群上覆盖2 881 cM。将该群体种植于3种环境,采用复合区间作图法(CIM)进行了P  相似文献   

4.
棉花许多重要的性状多为数量性状。现代分子生物技术的发展为植物数量性状基因的定位、分离等研究提供了条件。从数量性状基因座(QTL)作图群体类型及其特点,QTL定位方法,QTL精细定位、克隆、利用等方面进行了综述,并对今后QTL研究进行了展望。  相似文献   

5.
Recognizing the enormous potential of DNA markers in plant breeding, many agricultural research centers and plant breeding institutes have adopted the capacity for marker development and marker-assisted selection (MAS). However, due to rapid developments in marker technology, statistical methodology for identifying quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and the jargon used by molecular biologists, the utility of DNA markers in plant breeding may not be clearly understood by non-molecular biologists. This review provides an introduction to DNA markers and the concept of polymorphism, linkage analysis and map construction, the principles of QTL analysis and how markers may be applied in breeding programs using MAS. This review has been specifically written for readers who have only a basic knowledge of molecular biology and/or plant genetics. Its format is therefore ideal for conventional plant breeders, physiologists, pathologists, other plant scientists and students.  相似文献   

6.
普通菜豆籽粒大小与形状的QTL定位   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
耿庆河  王兰芬  武晶  王述民 《作物学报》2017,43(8):1149-1160
普通菜豆是世界上最重要的食用豆类作物之一,其籽粒大小和形状与产量及外观品质密切相关。本研究以来自安第斯基因库的大粒品种龙270709和来自中美基因库的小粒品种F5910配置杂交组合,获得的F2分离群体分别在哈尔滨大田与北京昌平温室种植,对百粒重、粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比和长厚比6个籽粒性状进行了相关性分析和QTL定位。相关性分析表明,百粒重与粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比、长厚比5个衡量籽粒大小和形状的性状均显著正相关。利用基于完备区间作图方法的Ici Mapping 4.1进行QTL定位,哈尔滨环境下定位到38个与百粒重、粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比、长厚比相关的QTL,表型贡献率介于2.39%~17.37%之间,分布在除第1染色体外的其余10条染色体上;北京昌平环境下定位到21个上述性状的QTL,表型贡献率介于5.92%~22.53%之间,分布在第1、第3、第6、第7、第8、第9和第11染色体上。其中,百粒重QTLSW7与SW7’,SW6.1与SW6’,粒长QTLSL6.1与SL6.1’,粒厚QTLSH11与SH11’在2个环境下的标记区间重叠或者重合,SW7、SW6.1、SL6.1、SW6’和SL6.1’的表型贡献率在10%以上。  相似文献   

7.
水稻萌发耐淹性种质资源筛选及QTL定位   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
崔澄  樊萝康 《作物学报》1962,1(1):61-70
作者用水培的方法研究水稻不同生育期缺磷的影响,结果证明:幼苗期缺磷的影响最显著,表现出生长缓慢,分蘖减少。因此,栽培水稻在幼苗期及分蘖期充分供应磷肥有特别重要意义。  相似文献   

8.
水稻萌发耐淹性种质资源筛选及QTL定位   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
萌发耐淹性种质资源的筛选、耐低氧萌发基因的挖掘和利用是选育适宜直播水稻新品种的基础。为简便、高效的评价种质资源的萌发耐淹性,本研究对来自不同年代和地区的191份粳稻种质资源进行了萌发耐淹性鉴定,共获得12份萌发耐淹性强的种质资源,其中连粳15号表现出较强的低氧萌发能力。利用其与籼稻品种黄莉占构建的F2:3分离群体,采用模拟大田的鉴定方法,在水稻1号、3号、9号、10号染色体上共检测到4个QTL,即qGS1、qGS3、qGS9和qGS10。共解释表型变异的70.9%,其中qGS1、qGS3和qGS10,能够被重复检测到,贡献率分别为19.2%~24.0%、12.6%~14.7%、19.1%~20.5%,是稳定表达的QTL位点。这些种质资源和QTL的发现为耐低氧发芽水稻新品种的培育提供了重要的亲本资源、基因资源和标记资源,同时也为选育优良直播稻品种提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

9.
Association analysis studies can be used to test for associations between molecular markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL). In this study, a genome-wide scan was performed using 150 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to identify QTL associated with seed protein content in soybean. The initial mapping population consisted of two subpopulations of 48 germplasm accessions each, with high or low protein levels based on data from the USDA’s Germplasm Resources Information Network website. Intrachromosomal LD extended up to 50 cM with r 2 > 0.1 and 10 cM with r 2 > 0.2 across the accessions. An association map consisting of 150 markers was constructed on the basis of differences in allele frequency distributions between the two subpopulations. Eleven putative QTL were identified on the basis of highly significant markers. Nine of these are in regions where protein QTL have been mapped, but the genomic regions containing Satt431 on LG J and Satt551 on LG M have not been reported in previous linkage mapping studies. Furthermore, these new putative protein QTL do not map near any QTL known to affect maturity. Since biased population structure was known to exist in the original association analysis population, association analyses were also conducted on two similar but independent confirmation populations. Satt431 and Satt551 were also significant in those analyses. These results suggest that our association analysis approach could be a useful alternative to linkage mapping for the identification of unreported regions of the soybean genome containing putative QTL.  相似文献   

10.
应用SSR标记定位水稻再生力和再生产量及其构成的QTL   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
用两个籼稻品种明恢86和佳辐占为亲本建立的F2群体及相应的SSR分子标记连锁图,对水稻再生力和再生产量及其构成的基因进行了定位。结果定位了影响水稻再生力(再生穗数)的1个QTL,影响再生产量的1个QTL和影响产量构成的2个QTL,各QTL的加性效应均来自亲本明恢86,起增效作用。影响水稻再生穗数、结实率和单株产量的QTL位于同一染色体的相同区段上,且加性效应方向相同,这很好地解释了再生穗数与单株产量、结实率呈极显著正相关的关系。  相似文献   

11.
利用改进的复合区间作图法和F1代群体进行杉木的QTL作图   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
区间作图和复合区间作图最先是为近交群体而设计的QTL作图方法,现已得到了广泛的应用。本文将它们应用于林木的F1代群体的QTL作图,称为改进的区间作图和复合区间作图法。该方法考虑了林木F1代1:1分离位点的信息,不同于通常的“拟测交”作图法。采用该方法,本文利用两个杉木无性系句容0号杉和柔叶杉的AFLP分子标记遗传连锁图谱对杉木的13个数量性状进行了QTL定位。当似然比统计量的阀值取为13.82(对应于LOD为3.0)时,在两张杉木遗传连锁图谱上,共搜索到了25个QTL。在句容0号无性系遗传连锁图谱上,有5个QTL分布在4个连锁群上。在柔叶杉的遗传连锁图谱上,有20个QTL分布在3个连锁群上,其中第6连锁群上集中了高达13个QTL。这一新的QTL作图方法在作图精度上有了较大的提高。文中所有的计算都是使用Mathematica软件编程完成的。  相似文献   

12.
以IR36(indica)和热研2号(japonica,广亲和品种)为亲本,构建了包含180个单株的F2群体及包括110个标记的分子连锁图谱。利用该F2群体,进行了水稻花粉不育数量性状基因座(quantitative trait locus, QTL)的检测和遗传效应分析,共检测到3个花粉不育QTL,分别位于第3、5、7染色体上,此外,共检测到9个由雄配子引起的偏分离QTL,其中7个与ga-14和ga-11位点的配子败育类型相同。与花粉形态鉴定相比,偏分离的数据对检测F1杂种花粉败育基因更为敏感。在第5、6染色体上控制偏分离的2个QTL位点,其杂合基因型出现的频率偏高。在qHPS-5位点,粳型纯合子表现出比杂合子和籼型纯合子更低的育性水平。本研究获得的分子标记将有助于聚合尽可能多的中性亲和基因以解决亚种间F1杂种的花粉不育性问题。  相似文献   

13.
Root traits are key components of plant adaptation to drought environment. By using a 120 recombined inbred lines (RILs) rice population derived from a cross between IRAT109, a japonica upland rice cultivar and Yuefu, a japonica lowland rice cultivar, a complete genetic linkage map with 201 molecular markers covering 1,833.8 cM was constructed and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with basal root thickness (BRT) were identified. A major QTL, conferring thicker BRT, located on chromosome 4, designated brt4, explained phenotypic variance of 20.6%, was selected as target QTL to study the effects of marker-assisted selection (MAS) using two early segregating populations derived from crosses between IRAT109 and two lowland rice cultivars. The results showed that the flanking markers of brt4 were genetically stable in populations with different genetic backgrounds. In the two populations under upland conditions, the difference between the means of BRT of plants carrying positive and negative favorable alleles at brt4 flanking markers loci was significant. Phenotypic effects of BRT QTL brt4 were 5.05–8.16%. When selected plants for two generations were planted at Beijing and Hainan locations under upland conditions, MAS effects for BRT QTL brt4 were 4.56–18.56% and 15.46–26.52% respectively. The means of BRT for the homozygous plants were greater than that of heterozygous plants. This major QTL might be useful for rice drought tolerance breeding. L. Liu and P. Mu are contributed equally to this work.  相似文献   

14.
不同生态环境条件下小麦籽粒灌浆速率及千粒重QTL分析   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
以142个和尚麦/豫8679的F7:8重组自交系及其亲本为试验材料, 分析了籽粒平均灌浆速率、最高灌浆速率及千粒重在北京(2006, 2007)、安徽合肥(2007)和四川成都(2007)4个生态环境下的性状表现, 并利用已构建的含有170个SSR标记和2个EST标记的遗传图谱, 对这3个性状进行了QTL定位分析。共检测到54个QTLs, 涉及小麦1A、1B、2A、2D、3A、3B、3D、4A、4D、5A、5B、6D 和7D染色体。其中, 17个与平均灌浆速率相关, 可解释表型变异的7.17%~20.83%; 16个与最高灌浆速率相关, 可解释表型变异的6.31%~15.95%; 21个与千粒重相关, 可解释表型变异的4.36%~16.80%。另外, 在1A、1B、2A、3B、4D、6D和7D染色体上发现10个涉及“一因多效”或紧密连锁位点的基因组区段, 有助于了解籽粒灌浆和籽粒产量相关性状的遗传基础。  相似文献   

15.
In this study, we observed variation of rapeseed oil content in SG population across 11 environments. A joint mapping was conducted to detect the quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in oil content variation. We examined additive main (a), epistatic effects (aa) and their interactions with environments (QE). Apart from a of 12 QTL (collectively to 6.74% of oil content), aa of 18 locus pairs contributed to 5.36% difference, explaining 45.3% of phenotypic variation in the population. Moreover, 28 QE interactions contributed to a change of 1.55% in oil content in each environment, accounting for 13.3% phenotypic variation. Two environmentally sensitive QTL (OilC2 and OilC8‐1) exhibited a small a (0.17) but strong ae (0.41 and 0.32 averagely). These two QTL were also frequently involved in epistatic interactions. However, two major QTL (OilA7 and OilC8‐2) showed few QE and uninvolved in epistasis. In conclusion, a and aa were the dominant contributors to oil content in rapeseed, while QE accounted for 10‐15% of variation. The results suggest OilA7 and OilC8‐2 are potential candidates for breeding utilization and gene cloning.  相似文献   

16.
利用相同来源F2:3和BC2S1群体定位玉米生育期QTL   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以普通玉米自交系丹232和爆裂玉米自交系N04为亲本构建259个F2:3和220个BC2S1家系群体,利用SSR标记构建分子标记遗传图谱,利用复合区间作图方法对4个生育期性状进行QTL定位和效应分析。利用F2:3群体共检测到4个抽雄期QTL、6个吐丝期QTL和3个散粉期QTL。单个QTL可解释的表型变异为6.7%~18.4%,可解释的表型总变异为28.9%~50.3%,11个QTL的增效基因来自生育期较长的亲本丹232,其余2个QTL的增效基因来自生育期较短的亲本N04;BC2S1群体检测到8个与4个生育期性状相关的QTL,单个QTL可解释的表型变异为4.5%~11.6%,可解释的表型总变异为13.2%~18.5%,增效基因来自两个亲本的QTL为3个和5个。两类群体检测出QTL的数目、位置、效应和贡献率均存在较大差异,主要原因在于BC2S1群体抽样选择所引起的群体结构差异,F2:3群体显示出较高的QTL检测能力,但回交育种过程中应慎重依据F2:3群体QTL定位结果进行标记辅助选择(MAS)。  相似文献   

17.
铁和锌是水稻生长必需的微量元素,也是重金属污染元素。在低洼或酸性土壤中,水稻容易遭受亚铁和锌毒害,抑制水稻生长,造成生物量和产量下降。为探讨水稻苗期耐亚铁毒、锌毒的遗传机制,利用优质粳稻品种Lemont和高产籼稻品种特青为亲本构建的高代双向回交导入系和308个在染色体上均匀分布的SNP标记剖析耐亚铁毒、锌毒相关的QTL。从双向导入系共检测到42个影响耐亚铁毒、锌毒相关性状如苗高、苗干重、根干重以及胁迫与对照相对值的QTL,多数位点增强亚铁毒、锌毒抗性的有利等位基因来自Lemont。其中同时在2个背景下表达的QTL有4个,占定位QTL总数的9.52%,说明大多数QTL的表达具有明显的遗传背景效应。同一遗传背景下同时影响耐亚铁毒和锌毒的QTL有9个,其中QSdw5在2个背景中均被检测到,其效应大小和方向一致,说明水稻苗期耐亚铁毒、锌毒之间存在遗传重叠位点。因此,通过分子标记辅助选择从Lemont中导入或聚合有利的遗传重叠区域,可以提高特青对亚铁毒、锌毒的抗性水平。  相似文献   

18.
小麦籽粒产量及穗部相关性状的QTL定位   总被引:5,自引:7,他引:5  
由小麦品种花培3号和豫麦57杂交获得DH群体168个株系,种植于3个环境中,利用305个SSR标记对籽粒产量和穗部相关性状(穗长、穗粒数、总小穗数、可育小穗数、小穗着生密度、千粒重和粒径)进行了QTL定位。利用基于混合线性模型的QTLNetwork 2.0软件,共检测到27个加性效应和13对上位效应位点,其中 8个加性效应位点具有环境互作效应。相关性高的性状间有一些共同的QTL位点,表现出一因多效或紧密连锁效应。5D染色体区段Xwmc215–Xgdm63,检测到控制籽粒产量、穗粒数、总小穗数、可育小穗数和小穗着生密度5个性状的QTL位点,各位点的遗传贡献率较大且遗传效应方向相同,增效等位基因均来源于豫麦57,适用于分子标记辅助育种和聚合育种。控制千粒重与穗粒数的QTL位于染色体不同区段,有利于实现穗粒数与粒重的遗传重组。  相似文献   

19.
水稻抗纹枯病QTL表达的遗传背景及环境效应   总被引:2,自引:4,他引:2  
利用水稻纹枯病菌强致病菌系RH-9人工接种Lemont导入到特青背景的213个近等基因导入系(TQ-ILs)群体和特青导入到Lemont背景的195个近等基因导入系(LT-ILs)群体,定位和分析了水稻抗纹枯病数量性状座位(quantitative trait loci, QTL)及其表达的环境与遗传背景效应。亲本Lemont对RH-9表现为高度感病,特青表现为中等抗病。人工接种后TQ-ILs群体的相对病斑高度(病斑高度与株高比)呈连续正态分布,LT-IL群体则明显偏向感病亲本Lemont。在不同年份和遗传背景下检测到影响纹枯病相对病斑高度的主效QTL 10个和互作QTL 13个,其中2006年在TQ-IL群体定位到的6个主效QTL在2007年均得到验证,表明这些QTL具有较好年度间的重复性。QSh4是唯一在双向导入系背景下表达的QTL,该位点特青等位基因降低相对病斑高度,提高抗性水平。在TQ-ILs群体中定位到位于第10染色体RM216~RM311区间的QSb10a与在LT-IL群体中定位到的位于相邻区间RM222~RM216的QSb10b的基因作用方向不同,推断这两个QTL存在紧密连锁关系。绝大多数在TQ-IL群体中表达的主效及互作QTL在LT-ILs群体中不表达,表明水稻抗纹枯病QTL具有明显的遗传背景效应。通过比较作图,本研究定位到的其中8个QTL在以往不同群体中同样被检测到,这些主效QTL对通过分子标记辅助选择(marker-assisted selection, MAS)培育水稻抗纹枯病育种可能具有应用价值。研究指出,标记辅助选择在不同遗传背景中能稳定表达的QTL或通过聚合不同抗病QTL是进一步提高水稻纹枯病抗性水平的一个有效途径。  相似文献   

20.
Y. Xu  S. Li  L. Li  X. Zhang  H. Xu  D. An 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(3):276-283
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for salt tolerance with additive, epistatic and QTL × treatment interaction effects at seedling stage in wheat were identified. A set of 131 recombinant inbred lines derived from cross Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 were evaluated under salt stress and normal conditions. Wide variation was found for all studied traits. A total of 18 additive and 16 epistatic QTLs were detected, among which five and 11 were with significant QTL × treatment effects. Ten QTL clusters were identified, and each may represent a single gene or closely linked genes. The locus controlling shoot K+/Na+ concentration ratio and shoot Na+ concentration on chromosome 5A may be identical to Nax2. The interval Xgwm6‐Xgwm538 on chromosome 4B for total dry weight was also identified in a previous study, both near the marker Xgwm6. The marker Xgwm6 may be useful for marker‐assisted selection. Six pairs of homoeologous QTLs were detected, showing synteny among the A, B and D genomes. These results facilitate understanding the mechanisms and the genetic basis of salt tolerance in wheat.  相似文献   

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