番茄褐色皱果病毒胶体金免疫试纸条的研制

 番茄褐色皱果病毒(tomato brown rugose fruit virus, ToBRFV)是一种新发病毒,严重威胁番茄的安全生产。为了快速、简便地检测该病毒,我们制备了ToBRFV胶体金免疫试纸条。本研究以ToBRFV粒子为免疫原,通过杂交瘤技术制备了17个抗ToBRFV的单克隆抗体。将不同单抗两两组合分别作为胶体金标记抗体和硝酸纤维素膜检测线上的捕获抗体,共获得272个配对组合的胶体金试纸条。通过特异性测定筛选到一组配对抗体制备的试纸条能够在5 min内特异识别ToBRFV,而与番茄斑驳花叶病毒、番茄花叶病毒、烟草花叶病毒、黄瓜花叶病毒、辣椒轻斑驳病毒、马铃薯X病毒、马铃薯Y病毒、番茄褪绿病毒、番茄斑萎病毒、番茄黄化曲叶病毒等无交叉反应。灵敏度分析表明,该试纸条可从稀释12 800倍的番茄叶片病汁液中检测到ToBRFV,也可检测到50 ng ToBRFV粒子。本研究制备的胶体金试纸条使用方便,灵敏度高,特异性强,适合田间大批量样品检测,可用于ToBRFV的精准监测及早期预警。     

警惕番茄褐色皱纹果病毒在我国的传播和危害

番茄褐色皱纹果病毒(tomato brown rugose fruit virus,ToBRFV)是烟草花叶病毒属的一个新种,在自然界中主要危害番茄、辣椒等茄科作物。自2014年首次在以色列发现以来,ToBRFV迅速蔓延至全球4个洲的35个国家,严重影响番茄和辣椒的产量和品质。本文综述了ToBRFV的发现与分布、基因组结构、传播方式、寄主范围和检测方法,并提出了相应的防控建议,以防范ToBRFV在我国的进一步传播和危害。     

警惕番茄褐色皱果病毒传入我国

番茄褐色皱果病毒(Tomato brown rugose fruit virus,ToBRFV)属烟草花叶病毒属,是近年来新发现的一种为害番茄、辣椒等作物的病原物。鉴于其为害的严重性和随番茄、辣椒等植物种子贸易传播的高风险性,已有国家和组织发出警示通报或采取具有针对性的紧急植物检疫措施。在收集相关资料的基础上,概述了该病毒的发生分布、生物学特性、分子特征、检测技术及国际检疫监管状况等,浅析其传入我国的风险,提出了预警建议。     

番茄褐色皱果病毒SYBR GreenⅠ实时荧光RT-PCR检测方法的建立和应用

根据番茄褐色皱果病毒（tomato brown rugose fruit virus,ToBRFV）外壳蛋白（coat protein,CP）的保守基因序列设计1对特异性引物,建立了基于SYBR Green I的ToBRFV实时荧光RT-PCR检测方法,并对其进行了特异性、灵敏度检测,对自然感染ToBRFV的番茄、辣椒种子进行了检测验证。结果表明,构建的实时荧光RT-PCR检测ToBRFV阳性的番茄种子总RNA和重组质粒标准品的检测低限分别为0.2 ng/μL和50.0拷贝/μL,均为普通RT-PCR检测灵敏度的100倍;对番茄花叶病毒（tomato mosaic virus,ToMV）、番茄环斑病毒（tomato ringspot virus,ToRSV）、番茄黑环病毒（tomato black ring virus,TBRV）、番茄斑萎病毒（tomato spotted wilt virus,TSWV）、辣椒轻斑驳病毒（pepper mild mottle virus,PMMoV）、烟草花叶病毒（tobacco mosaic virus,TMV）和烟草环斑病毒（tobacco ri...     

番茄褐色皱果病毒TaqMan 荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立番茄褐色皱果病毒(tomato brown rugose fruit virus, ToBRFV)TaqMan荧光定量RT-PCR方法，本研究针对ToBRFV RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, RdRP)基因序列设计了4组特异性引物和TaqMan探针，构建了标准曲线，并对该方法的特异性、灵敏度和实际样品的检测效率进行评估。结果显示，该方法特异性强，与番茄花叶病毒、番茄斑驳花叶病毒、烟草花叶病毒、黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒、番茄环斑病毒、番茄黑环病毒、辣椒轻斑驳病毒、烟草环斑病毒和凤果花叶病毒等9种病毒均无交叉反应。建立的标准曲线的R²为0.999,扩增效率为102.096%,检测灵敏度为10 fg/μL,与EPPO PM 7/146(1)推荐的CaTa28、CSP1325方法相当，是常规RT-PCR的100倍；采用该方法成功从60份番茄和辣椒叶片、种子样品中检出10份阳性样品。建立的TaqMan荧光定量RT-PCR方法特异性强、灵敏度高，适用于实际样品中ToBRFV的快速精准检测。     

进境番茄种子中番茄褐色皱纹果病毒的检测鉴定

番茄褐色皱纹果病毒(tomato brown rugose fruit virus,ToBRFV)是烟草花叶病毒属新成员,番茄和辣椒是其主要寄主,被中国、欧盟、美国、澳大利亚、土耳其、新西兰、智利、阿根廷、俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦、泰国等国家或地区纳入需检疫的有害生物.我们利用电镜观察、RT-PCR和SYBR Green实时...     

TaqMan探针法实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测番茄斑驳花叶病毒

番茄斑驳花叶病毒（tomato mottle mosaic virus,ToMMV）为近年来发现的一种烟草花叶病毒属新成员,是茄科作物上危害严重的主要病毒之一,近几年EPPO全球数据库报道多个国家从进境辣椒和番茄种子中截获该病毒。为防止番茄斑驳花叶病毒通过种子种苗进行传播扩散,本文根据该病毒GenBank中不同分离株外壳蛋白（coat protein,CP）基因保守序列设计特异性引物和探针,建立了TaqMan探针法实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测ToMMV的方法。结果表明,本检测方法特异性强,对烟草花叶病毒（tobacco mosaic virus,TMV）、番茄花叶病毒（tomato mosaic virus,ToMV）、番茄褐色皱果病毒（tomato brown rugose fruit virus,ToBRFV）、黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒（cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV）、辣椒轻斑驳病毒（pepper mild mottle virus,PMMoV）、番茄环斑病毒（tomato ringspot virus,TomRSV）6种病毒均无交叉反...     

一种新发植物病毒——番茄褐色皱纹果病毒

番茄褐色皱纹果病毒是一种新发植物病毒,已知可侵染番茄、辣椒。该病毒发展迅速,潜在的危害性巨大。我国于2019年在山东禹城报道发生。本文对该病毒的生物学特征、发生与分布、危害特点、检测方法进行了介绍,并提出了防控措施建议。     

警惕番茄褪绿病毒在我国的传播和危害

番茄褪绿病毒( Tomato chlorosis virus, ToCV )侵染番茄引起番茄褪绿病毒病。发病植株下部叶片黄化、脉间褪绿、边缘轻微卷曲, 叶片光合作用显著降低, 果实变小, 产量和品质明显下降。该病毒最早于1998年在美国佛罗里达州发现, 随后在世界多地陆续报道。我国首先于2004年在台湾报道, 2013年又在北京和山东发现并鉴定了该病毒, 同时在辣椒上检测到该病毒。ToCV属于长线形病毒科( Closteroviridae )毛形病毒属( Crinivirus )成员, 基因组为二分体正义单链RNA, 由粉虱传播。经初步调查和检测, ToCV在我国北京、山东、河北、天津等省市相继发生, 给当地番茄生产造成了严重危害。ToCV传播迅速, 成为我国番茄生产中又一重要病毒, 防控形势严峻。基于以上原因, 建议有关部门立即采取相应预防和防治措施, 组织开展相关研究和攻关, 控制该病毒在我国的传播和危害。     

警惕种子传带的南方番茄病毒Southern tomatovirus对我国番茄产业的危害

南方番茄病毒Southern tomato virus (STV)是近年来新发现的一种侵染番茄的病毒, 通常与多种病毒复合侵染, 可能与番茄的褪绿、黄化、衰退、果实变小等症状相关。该病毒最早在1984年发现, 并于2005年命名。我国首先于2015年在山东寿光发现。最近, 我们在山东和北京市多地的番茄样品中均检测到了该病毒, 并通过检测发现国内一些主要品种番茄种子的STV携带率达40%。STV基因组为一条双链RNA, 隶属Amalgaviridae科Amalgavirus属, 是严格种传病毒, 不能通过汁液摩擦接种和嫁接传播。鉴于STV的潜在危害以及与其他病毒高度复合侵染造成的严重损失, 本文介绍了STV检测方法, 并提出应开展对主栽品种的种子检测和针对性防控。     

Tomato brown rugose fruit disease: current distribution,knowledge and future prospects

Tomato is the most economically important fruit/vegetable crop grown worldwide. However, viral diseases remain an important factor limiting its productivity, with estimated quantitative and qualitative yield losses in tomato crops often reaching up to 100%. Many viruses infecting tomato have been reported, while new viral diseases have also emerged. The climatic changes the world is experiencing can be a contributing factor to the successful spread of newly emerging viruses, as well as the establishment of disease in areas that were previously either unfavourable or where the disease was absent. Because antiviral products are not available, strategies to mitigate viral diseases rely on genetic resistance/tolerance to infection, control of vectors, improvement in crop hygiene, roguing of infected plants and seed certification. Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) is an emerging viral threat to tomato productivity and is currently spreading into new areas, which is of great concern to the growing global production in the absence of mitigation measures. This review presents the current knowledge about ToBRFV and future prospects for an improved understanding of the virus, which will be needed to support effective control and mitigation of the impact it is likely to cause.     

番茄斑驳花叶病毒在广东省的首次报道

番茄斑驳花叶病毒(tomato mottle mosaic virus, ToMMV)是2013年发现的烟草花叶病毒属一个新种,目前在多国(地区)有发生。本文采用小RNA深度测序及RT-PCR检测方法在广东省广州市南沙区辣椒疑似病样中检测到ToMMV,命名为番茄斑驳花叶病毒广东分离物(ToMMV-GD-2020)。采用RT-PCR分段扩增获得了ToMMV-GD-2020的基因组全序列,该分离物基因组全长6 399 nt,包含4个开放阅读框,分别编码4个蛋白。序列相似性分析表明,ToMMV-GD-2020与已登录GenBank的14个ToMMV分离物基因组序列相似性分别为99.0%～99.7%,其中与中国辽宁分离物ToMMV-LN(GenBank登录号：MN853592)的相似性最高(99.7%),与危害我国番茄、同属烟草花叶病毒属的番茄花叶病毒(tomato mosaic virus, ToMV)、番茄褐色皱果病毒(tomato brown rugose fruit virus, ToBRFV)代表分离物的相似性分别为84.6%和81.0%。系统进化分析表明,ToMMV-GD-2020...     

Detection of Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) in solanaceous plants in Mexico

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) is a novel tobamovirus initially reported in Jordan and Israel, and, more recently, in Europe, China, the USA and...     

番茄潜叶蛾综合防控技术研究进展

番茄潜叶蛾Phthorimaea absoluta Meyrick起源于南美洲的秘鲁,是一种世界检疫性入侵害虫,目前已经扩散到全球100多个国家,严重威胁全球番茄产业。该虫于2017年入侵我国新疆伊犁,之后在南方多个省份相继被发现,且呈现扩散趋势,危害范围加大。本文从农业防治、化学防治、生物防治、物理防治等方面总结番茄潜叶蛾原发地和入侵国的防治进展及治理经验,并结合我国实际提出建议,为国内番茄潜叶蛾的有效治理和抑制其扩散提供参考。     

Temporal and spatial progress of the diseases caused by the crinivirus tomato chlorosis virus and the begomovirus tomato severe rugose virus in tomatoes in Brazil

Efficient management of whitefly-borne diseases remains a challenge due to the lack of a comprehensive understanding of their epidemiology, particularly of the diseases tomato golden mosaic and tomato yellowing. Here, by monitoring 16 plots in four commercial fields, the temporal and spatial distribution of these two diseases were studied in tomato fields in Brazil. In the experimental plots these diseases were caused by tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) and tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), respectively. The incidence of each virus was similar in the plots within a field but varied greatly among fields. Plants with symptoms for both diseases were randomly distributed in three of four spatial analyses. The curves representing the progress of both diseases were similar and contained small fluctuations, indicating that the spread of both viruses was similar under field conditions. In transmission experiments of ToSRV and ToCV by Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 (former biotype B), these viruses had a similar transmission rate in single or mixed infections. It was then shown that primary and secondary spread of ToCV were not efficiently controlled by insecticide applications. Finally, in a typical monomolecular model of disease progress, simulation of the primary dissemination of ToSRV and ToCV showed that infected plants were predominantly randomly distributed. It is concluded that, although the manner of vector transmission differs between ToSRV (persistent) and ToCV (semipersistent), the main dispersal mechanisms are most probably similar for these two diseases: primary spread is the predominant mechanism, and epidemics of these diseases have been caused by several influxes of viruliferous whiteflies.     

Temporal and spatial dynamics of begomovirus disease in tomatoes in central Brazil

Over the last two decades, begomovirus diseases have increased in importance in Brazilian tomato crops. The major management strategy in Brazil is the application of insecticides to control the whitefly vector, but this is often unsuccessful. The objective of this work was to study the spatial and temporal progression of the disease in two processing tomato production areas in Central Brazil. A total of 24 plots (225 plants each) in six fields were evaluated weekly by visual inspection for plants with begomovirus symptoms. The predominant begomovirus in tomato plants with symptoms was Tomato severe rugose virus, and it was also detected in weeds and other crop plants. No correlation between incidence of begomovirus disease and whitefly population was found. The disease progression was rapid, with a slightly aggregated distribution of plants with symptoms. No relevant differences were observed in the temporal and spatial analyses, although an important difference was detected between plots located at the centre (PC) and the edge (PE) of the fields. In the temporal analysis, the begomovirus incidence and area under disease progress curve values were lower in PC than in PE. In the spatial analysis, plants with begomovirus symptoms were more aggregated in PC than in PE. These results suggest that the distribution of plants with symptoms in PC and PE could be a result of three dissemination mechanisms: one random (primary) and two aggregated, a real secondary spread, and a false secondary spread. The implications of these differences on disease management are discussed.     

警惕新德里番茄曲叶病毒在我国的传播和危害

新德里番茄曲叶病毒(tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, ToLCNDV)是双生病毒科菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒,由烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci以循环持久性方式传播,能对茄科和葫芦科等多种作物造成毁灭性的危害。近年来,ToLCNDV不断扩散蔓延至新的国家和地区。我国于2021年在浙江的温室番茄上发现了ToLCNDV的危害。本文综述了ToLCNDV的发生分布、基因组结构与进化、传播方式和寄主范围,提出了防范ToLCNDV在我国进一步传播和危害的防控建议。