太湖猪高繁殖力遗传学机制的研究进展

太湖猪的高繁殖力特性已引起国际动物遗传育种界的普遍重视 ,法国、匈牙利、英国、日本和美国先后从我国引进太湖猪的梅山、嘉兴、枫泾等不同品系并组织了广泛的研究。其中一些养猪先进国家特别致力于太湖猪高产仔机制的研究 ,如英国开展了从生理和遗传方面探索太湖猪多产机制的研究 ,美国开展了太湖猪胚胎存活和发育遗传控制的研究 ,法国开展了太湖猪低胚胎死亡率机制的研究等。本综述将在国内外大量研究的基础上 ,对现有文献资料进行归纳、比较和分析 ,试图较为全面系统地阐明太湖猪高产仔的遗传学机制 ,从而探求最有效利用太湖猪高产仔特…     

苏太猪性能及利用

1苏太猪的由来 太湖猪是国际上公认的高繁殖力猪种.20世纪80年代以来,法国等很多国家引进太湖猪,以改良提高母猪的生产力,并取得了显著成效.     

国外对太湖猪的研究进展

由于太湖猪高繁殖力的特性,已被国外竞相引进。主要目的是用来改良本国猪种的产仔性能。这些国家对太湖猪不仅仅是杂交利用,还从基础理论方面进行研究,例如太湖猪高繁殖力的生理机制、基因定位、主基因检测等方面探索太湖猪高产仔的机理和控制基因。随着现代分子遗传技术的发展,有可能将高产仔基因直接插入西方猪的基因组,并可避免太湖猪生长慢、瘦肉率低的问题,创建新的“合成系”,以提高养猪业的经济效益。     

太湖猪高繁殖力生理学机理的研究进展

猪产仔数是一个重要的数量经济性状，影响产仔数的因素非常复杂，我国的太湖猪因其高产仔数性能而引起国内外学者广泛的关注，研究表明影响太湖猪繁殖力的生理学机制主要是其具有性成熟是，排卵数多，良好的卵泡内环境以及较低的胚胎死亡率等特点。     

苏太猪综合生产技术

苏太猪是以太湖猪和杜洛克为亲本育成的品种,既保持了太湖猪繁殖率高、肉质鲜美、耐粗饲、母性好的优点,又具有杜洛克生长发育快、胴体瘦肉率高的优点.2001年,云南省会泽县金钟镇良种母猪扩繁场引进41头苏太母猪和2头公猪进行饲养扩繁.在10多年精心饲养管理中,该场坚持"技术是生产力,是效益"的理念,取得了较好的经济效益和社会效益.     

体细胞克隆太湖猪出生

以中国太湖猪胎儿成纤维细胞为核供体,以体外成熟卵母细胞为核受体,以杜洛克猪为代孕母猪,进行了太湖猪体细胞克隆技术的研究,成功地获得了首例体细胞克隆太湖猪仔猪.经微卫星DNA多态性鉴定,确定克隆猪来自供核细胞,与代孕母猪无亲缘关系.本研究将为体细胞克隆技术在我国太湖猪育种、建立人类疾病模型等研究方面提供可行的技术方法.     

太湖猪二元杂交效果的试验研究

利用太湖猪与引进的瘦肉型猪种进行二元、三元杂交,具有明显的经济效益,为国内外学者所注目。C.legault和J.C.Caritez(法国)概括太湖猪有五大特点,即性成熟早;繁殖力高;母性强而全面;省饲料;肉味鲜美。实践证明确实如此。现仅就二花脸系和梅山系太湖猪二元杂交结果报道如下。一、材料与方法 (一)供试猪种由江苏省引进品种特征明显,体形外貌典型的二花脸猪26头(母20头,公6头),梅山猪10头,形成两个太湖纯系繁殖群。     

国外对太源猪的研究进展

由于太湖猪高繁殖力的特性，已被国外竞相引进。主要目的是用来改良本国猪种的产仔性能。这些国家对太湖猪不仅仅是利用，还从基础理论方面进行研究，例如太湖猪高繁殖力的生理机制、基因定位、主基因检测等方面探索太湖猪高产仔的机理和控制基因，随着现代分子遗传技术的发展，有可能将高产仔基因直接插入西方猪的基因组，并可避免太湖猪生长慢、瘦肉率低的问题，创建新的“合成系”，以提高养养猪业的经济效益。     

太湖猪高繁殖力内分泌学机制的研究进展

综述了太湖猪高繁殖力内分泌学机制的研究进展,结果表明太湖猪促黄体素（ＬＨ）促卵泡素（ＦＳＨ）的高含量以及ＦＳＨ分泌对抑制素的抑制效应较不敏感,尤其是ＦＳＨ的高含量,很可能是太湖猪高排卵率的重要因素之一。     

太湖猪高繁殖力内分泌学机制的研究进展

综述了太湖猪高繁殖力内分泌学机制的研究进展。结果表明太湖猪促黄体素（ＬＨ）、促卵泡素（ＦＳＨ）的高含量以及ＦＳＨ分泌对抑制素的抑制效应较不敏感,尤其是ＦＳＨ的高含量,很可能是太湖猪高排卵率的重要因素之一。     

杂交对小梅山猪肉品质的影响

小梅山猪杂交后,除背最长肌嫩度改善外,其它肉品质指标都有不同程度下降,除背最长肌肉色外,全部肉品质指标均为小梅山猪大于约小梅猪,约小梅猪大于长约小梅猪.一些肉质性状间相关显著.背最长肌和半腱肌肌纤维直径均为长约小梅猪显著大于小梅山猪和约小梅猪,小梅山猪和约小梅猪差异不显著,全群猪肌纤维直径除与熟肉率呈正相关外,与其它肉质指标都呈负相关.     

有机微量元素对母猪繁殖性能的影响研究

自从开发出有机微量元素以来,对其营养价值的研究目前已经取得了很大的进展,“有机”或“蛋白源”的矿物元素比无机矿物元素有较高的生物学效价,有机微量元素不仅有较高的利用率,同时在代谢和生理方面还有更大的优势,可使动物生产潜能进一步发挥(Ammerman,1998)。对于添加不同有机微量元素对母猪生产性能影响报道有很多,并且多为正效应(谭会泽等,2001;付双喜等,2001)。但是这些报道基本上都是限定某一种特定的有机微量元素,并且主要集中在单一的添加有机态的铁、硒,而对于添加复合有机微量元素对母猪繁殖性能影响的研究则很少。本试验研究…     

对猪行为和福利的初探

1前言 早在公元前10 000年,东南亚就可能出现了野猪的驯化（Lekagul和McNeely,1977）。早期农业社会时,猪驯养变得普遍起来,可能是因为猪具有顽强的生命力、性成熟快、产仔数多以及饲喂粗饲料就可以保证维持自身营养需要的优势。     

生长肥育猪饲料中几种必需微量元素盈缺规律分析

试验以30～60kg的生长猪和60～90kg的肥育猪为对象,对四川省4种典型猪基础日粮的营养状况进行了分析,然后将基础日粮中必需微量元素Fe、Cu、Zn和Mn的含量与饲养标准所推荐的需要量进行比较,进而判定生长肥育猪基础日粮中Fe、Cu、Zn和Mn的盈缺规律。研究结果表明,4种典型基础日粮必需微量元素含量在整体上表现为:Fe和Mn呈现不同程度的富余;Cu基本满足需要;Zn则呈现不同程度的缺乏。     

岳西黑猪与北京黑猪和巴克夏猪的杂交效果分析

岳西黑猪为安徽省岳西县独有的地方猪品种。文章通过繁殖、胴体、肉质性能的测定和比较分析,综合评价北京黑猪和巴克夏猪与岳西黑猪的杂交效果,筛选可推广的杂交组合模式,为岳西黑猪的杂交利用奠定基础,旨在更好地促进岳西黑猪产业化开发。     

Toward a better understanding of pig behavior and pig welfare

Pork production began to flourish in the USA after the practice of finishing pigs on corn was popularized in the late 1600s. By the 1840s, there were 35 million pigs and 20 million people in the USA and Cincinnati was the world's largest pork market. Between 1890 and the present, the total number of pigs in the USA has remained at 50-60 million, but dramatic changes in swine husbandry over the course of the 20th century have metamorphosed pig production from small, extensive (outdoor), labor-dependent enterprises into large, intensive (indoor), capital-dependent, production systems. This development has led to debate concerning the impact of swine production on animal/human health, the environment, and the welfare of the animals under our care. In a very tangible way, the future of pork production depends on effectively addressing the public's concerns regarding animal welfare and health. Here, we review basic sensory and behavioral aspects of swine with the objective of reaching a better understanding of pig behavior and pig welfare. The premise of this discussion is that safeguarding animal welfare and health is good for pigs, pork producers and the animal-conscious public.     

Eradication of Aujeszky's disease from New Zealand pig herds 1976-1997.

Aujeszky's disease was first diagnosed in the North Island of New Zealand in 1976. It has never been reported in the South Island. An industry-funded eradication programme was initiated in 1989 to eradicate the disease from the national pig herd. By using a combination of serological surveys, abattoir surveillance, test and slaughter, depopulation, vaccination and movement restrictions, Aujeszky's disease was eradicated by 1997.     

智慧养猪与智能猪场的应用现状与分析

在智能信息化时代,传统的人工养殖已经越发彰显其劣势.智慧养猪开启的智能装备和大数据模式正走进养猪人的视野.文章综述了在智慧养猪背景下,智能饲喂系统、环控系统、监控系统、AI和大数据在猪场的应用现状,并进行了简要分析,以期为农牧公司智能猪场的建设提供参考.     

Geographical distribution of salmonella infected pig,cattle and sheep herds in Sweden 1993-2010

Background

The Swedish salmonella control programme covers the entire production chain, from feed to food. All salmonella serotypes are notifiable. On average, less than 20 cases of salmonella in food-producing animals are reported every year. In some situations, the cases would be expected to cluster geographically. The aim of this study was to illustrate the geographic distribution of the salmonella cases detected in pigs, cattle and sheep.

Methods

Data on all herds with pigs, cattle and sheep found to be infected with salmonella during the time period from 1993 to 2010 were obtained from the Swedish Board of Agriculture. Using the ArcGIS software, various maps were produced of infected herds, stratified on animal species as well as salmonella serotype. Based on ocular inspection of all maps, some were collapsed and some used separately. Data were also examined for temporal trends.

Results

No geographical clustering was observed for ovine or porcine cases. Cattle herds infected with Salmonella Dublin were mainly located in the southeast region and cattle herds infected with Salmonella Typhimurium in the most southern part of the country. Some seasonal variation was seen in cattle, but available data was not sufficient for further analyses.

Conclusions

Analyses of data on salmonella infected herds revealed some spatial and temporal patterns for salmonella in cattle. However, despite using 18 years'' of data, the number of infected herds was too low for any useful statistical analyses.