The interface phase and the Schottky barrier for a crystalline dielectric on silicon

The barrier height for electron exchange at a dielectric-semiconductor interface has long been interpreted in terms of Schottky's theory with modifications from gap states induced in the semiconductor by the bulk termination. Rather, we show with the structure specifics of heteroepitaxy that the electrostatic boundary conditions can be set in a distinct interface phase that acts as a "Coulomb buffer." This Coulomb buffer is tunable and will functionalize the barrier-height concept itself.     

Graphene double-layer capacitor with ac line-filtering performance

Electric double-layer capacitors (DLCs) can have high storage capacity, but their porous electrodes cause them to perform like resistors in filter circuits that remove ripple from rectified direct current. We have demonstrated efficient filtering of 120-hertz current with DLCs with electrodes made from vertically oriented graphene nanosheets grown directly on metal current collectors. This design minimized electronic and ionic resistances and produced capacitors with RC time constants of less than 200 microseconds, in contrast with ~1 second for typical DLCs. Graphene nanosheets have a preponderance of exposed edge planes that greatly increases charge storage as compared with that of designs that rely on basal plane surfaces. Capacitors constructed with these electrodes could be smaller than the low-voltage aluminum electrolyte capacitors that are typically used in electronic devices.     

Quantized Transport in Graphene p-n Junctions in a Magnetic Field

Recent experimental work on locally gated graphene layers resulting in p-n junctions has revealed the quantum Hall effect in their transport behavior. We explain the observed conductance quantization, which is fractional in the bipolar regime and an integer in the unipolar regime, in terms of quantum Hall edge modes propagating along and across the p-n interface. In the bipolar regime, the electron and hole modes can mix at the p-n boundary, leading to current partition and quantized shot-noise plateaus similar to those of conductance, whereas in the unipolar regime transport is noiseless. These quantum Hall phenomena reflect the massless Dirac character of charge carriers in graphene, with particle/hole interplay manifest in mode mixing and noise in the bipolar regime.     

一种屋脊大开窗玻璃温室开窗机构的设计

全面论述了屋脊大开窗玻璃温室的开窗机构原理及受力分析,提出开窗机构各结构参数与传动系统受力关系,为正确选择减速电机提供依据。     

扶手椅型石墨烯纳米带边缘的硼掺杂

利用第一性原理研究了2种边缘掺杂硼方式的扶手椅型石墨烯纳米带.结果表明：硼掺杂使得沿纳米带方向的晶格常数发生改变,并且在能带隙中出现新的能带.对于原胞中添加4个硼原子的掺杂方式（B1-7AGNR）,沿纳米带方向的晶格常数有所增加,在带隙中出现了4条能带,其中2条能带来自于硼的2pz轨道,其余2条能带主要来自于硼的2ps和2py轨道.对于原胞中添加2个硼原子的掺杂方式（B2-7AGNR）,沿纳米带方向的晶格常数有所减小,在带隙中出现了2条能带,其来自于硼的2pz轨道.     

Overlapping platelets: a diffusion barrier in a teleost swimbladder

Overlapping platelets are layered within the connective tissue of the wall of a closed (physoclistous) swimbladder. The close, staggered arrangement of the platelets is viewed as a physical barrier that can interfere with the diffusion pathway of gas molecules. The result is a more efficient retention of gas pressures within the swimbladder.     

高压4H-SiC 肖特基二极管的模拟及研制

结终端技术能提高4H-SiC肖特基势垒二极管器件的耐压性能.利用仿真软件ISE-TCAD10.0对具有结终端扩展JTE保护的4H-SiC SBD器件进行了仿真研究,并依据仿真优化好的参数试制了器件.实验测试结果表明,模拟优化结果与实验测试器件的结果一致性较好,实测此器件的反向电压值达2 000 V,接近理想击穿耐压88%,漏电流数值为0.1 mA/cm.     

Erratic display as a device against predators

Prey animals in many different taxonomic groups behave erratically when attacked by predators. This reaction is not accidental, but acts as a specific antipredator device. Observational data and theoretical considerations indicate that such protean displays function to confuse and disorient the predator and to increase its reaction time. Thus the survival of the prey is assisted, and the selective advntage whereby such erratic patterns of the prey animals may have evolved is created.     

木材微爆破装置的设计

本文设计了一种新型爆破装置,可用于木材微爆破处理.其原理是用高压气体给木材加压,当木材内外压力平衡时,利用快速排气活塞将高压气体释放,使木材内部的气体快速排出,实现微爆破.该装置提高了木材的通透性能,为木材改良处理创造条件.     

Blood-brain barrier: penetration of morphine, codeine, heroin, and methadone after carotid injection

Labeled morphine, codeine, heroin, or methadone was injected as a bolus into the common carotid artery of the rat, and the rat was decapitated 15 seconds later. The brain uptake of the drug was calculated by measurement of the brain content of the drug as a percentage of a labeled, highly diffusible reference substance simultaneously injected. The uptake of morphine was below measurability; the uptake of codeine was 24 percent; heroin, 68 percent; and methadone, 42 percent. Brain uptakes of morphine and codeine were also studied after intravenous injection and correlated well with uptakes after carotid injection; the uptake of codeine being nearly complete by 30 seconds. These studies indicate that brain uptake of certain of these drugs is very rapid and that uptake of heroin injected intravenously is probably limited by the regional flow of blood in the brain. The possible relation of this rapid penetration of the blood-brain barrier by heroin to its strongly addictive properties is discussed.     

L-dopa in legume seeds: a chemical barrier to insect attack

Seeds of the genus Mucuna display both a remarkable immunity to attack by seed-eating insects and an unustially high concentration of free L-dopa. When seed powders or pure L-dopa were incorporated into artificial diets and fed to southern armyworm larvae, mortality increased, and abnormal pupae and adults resulted. At higher concentrations L-dopa acted as a feeding repellent.     

石墨烯修饰电极差分脉冲溶出伏安法同时检测食品中痕量铅?镉和铜

[目的]构建石墨烯修饰电极用差分脉冲溶出伏安法检测重金属的方法。[方法]采用电还原的方法将氧化石墨烯变成还原型石墨烯,针对电极修饰材料石墨烯进行表征测试,优化石墨烯修饰电极检测的试验检测条件。[结果]石墨烯修饰电极可以实现在4 min内同时检测食品中的铅、镉和铜元素,且具有很好的准确度、稳定性和抗干扰性。[结论]研究可为快速准确地检测食品中重金属元素提供参考。     

Programmed adsorption and release of proteins in a microfluidic device

A microfluidic device has been developed that can adsorb proteins from solution, hold them with negligible denaturation, and release them on command. The active element in the device is a 4-nanometer-thick polymer film that can be thermally switched between an antifouling hydrophilic state and a protein-adsorbing state that is more hydrophobic. This active polymer has been integrated into a microfluidic hot plate that can be programmed to adsorb and desorb protein monolayers in less than 1 second. The rapid response characteristics of the device can be manipulated for proteomic functions, including preconcentration and separation of soluble proteins on an integrated fluidics chip.     

棉花精量排种器排种性能试验研究

为实现南方棉花种子的精量播种,设计一种满足南方棉花种子"一穴两粒"农艺要求的机械式精量穴播棉花排种器,将该排种器安装在JPS-12型全自动排种器性能检测台上进行棉花种子排种性能试验。分别以合格指数、漏播指数和重播指数为评价该排种器排种性能指标,以适用于南方的棉花种子(湘杂棉3号、湘杂棉8号和慈抗杂3号)为试验对象,对排种器转速、勺孔直径和种室曲面曲率半径3个因素进行单因素试验,得出各因素作业时的最优范围。正交试验结果得到排种性能各因素的最优组合为:排种器转速100rad/s,勺孔直径9mm,种室曲面曲率半径25mm;该组合下,棉花种子精量排种效果较好,穴粒数合格指数为93.62%,重播指数3.87%,漏播指数2.51%。该机械式精量穴播棉花排种器满足国家标准对棉花种子的播种要求。     

气力式水平圆盘马铃薯排种器的设计

【目的】针对马铃薯种薯外形尺寸差异性较大、种薯的种皮种芽易受损伤而感染病毒的问题。设计了一种气力式水平圆盘马铃薯排种器.【方法】该排种器利用间歇输种与气力排种相结合的方式来提高排种性能,降低伤种率.【结果】阐述了排种器的工作原理,并确定了排种器的主要结构和性能参数,同时分析了排种盘、间歇式输种装置及拖拉机三者的速度关系.【结论】该排种器能有效解地决马铃薯播种机具因碰撞和挤压造成的机械损伤问题,也为大粒径种子的播种提供了一个新方法.     

变容量型孔轮式排种器种子适应性研究

选取绿豆、芝麻、高粱等3种粒径为1～5 mm的种子,运用变容量型孔轮式排种器进行排种试验,分析排种均匀性、一致性、破损率等适应性参数,确定排种器对作物种子的适应性。结果表明:变容量型孔轮式排种器适用于芝麻、高粱的条播,不适应于绿豆的排种。通过正交试验分析转速、调节舌形式、调节舌宽度、播量调节档位对芝麻、高粱的排种均匀性、各行排量一致性和破损率的影响,当排种器的调节舌形式为圆头、调节舌宽度为8 mm、转速为50 r/min、播量调节档位为IV时,对提高芝麻、高粱的排种均匀性、各行排量一致性及降低破损率有利。     

一种桶式无土栽培新装置在番茄栽培上的应用研究

以土壤栽培为对照,以不同结构桶式无土栽培装置为处理,研究了一种桶式无土栽培新装置在番茄栽培上的应用效果。结果表明：与其他栽培方式相比,新装置栽培下番茄植株生长更为旺盛,叶片中叶绿素含量、植株根系活力增幅较好,每穗果的单果重和单株产量以及可溶性糖含量提高幅度较高,栽培效果理想。