带风速风向补偿的车辆道路滑行阻力虚拟测试系统

设计了能够实现风速风向和道路坡度补偿的车辆道路滑行阻力虚拟测试系统,以满足减少环境因素影响并提高滑行测试精度和效率的测试要求。首先,以美国SAE J-2263法规和我国六阶段油耗测试标准为基础,设计了以美国NI嵌入式控制器cRIO为核心的测试系统,对风向风速、道路坡度、轮胎压力温度等测试方法和传感器布置等进行了系统阐述。其次,从分段滑行数据拼接、风速校正、异常数据剔除,以及基于本测试系统的滑行模型构建等方面给出了系统的数据处理方法。最后,将设计的测试系统应用于某乘用车上并进行了系统的滑行试验,试验验证了测试系统工作可靠,测试精度达到设计要求。试验数据处理结果表明风速风向和道路补偿后的试验车空载滑行阻力重复性为2.2%,与不进行补偿的滑行阻力的系统偏差为3.7%。滑行阻力测试系统有效提高了滑行测试精度,为转毂台架上进行整车性能试验补偿整车阻力提供了有效手段。     

内燃机测量数据自动采集及处理系统的设计开发

针对传统试验数据测量方法所具有的缺点,应用计算机技术开发了内燃机试验测试系统,实现了测量数据的自动采集及处理,介绍了该系统的软硬件设计思想,阐述了在MATLAB环境下实现实时数据采集与处理的方法。     

基于VR技术的离心泵振动测试系统设计

文章为了对离心泵振动测试系统进行研究,在基于VR技术的条件下,从离心泵振动测试系统的硬件设计和软件设计两个方面入手,分别设计了离心泵振动测试系统的循环回路装置、数据采集处理装置、数据采集模块、信号处理与分析模块、数据存储与输出模块等,希望促使离心泵振动测试系统更具有实用性和准确度.     

汽车排放测试主控计算机系统开发

为满足轻型汽车法规检测和研究开发的需要设计了排放测试主控计算机系统。基于虚拟仪器体系结构设计了系统硬件,采用统一建模语言设计了系统软件,实现了轻型车气袋采样、连续稀释采样和直接采样的数据采集、流程控制和数据处理。实际应用情况表明,该系统适合轻型汽油车和柴油车排放测试,其测试功能全面,控制可靠,数据准确。     

虚拟仪器技术在农机测试中的应用

设计了一套基于虚拟仪器的测试系统用来采集农机测试传感器的输入信号,该测试系统软件基于LabWin-dows/CVI,也可以测试力传感器的静态和动态特性,测试结果令人满意。与传统测试系统相比,该系统具有友好的人机界面并便于使用。     

虚拟仪器技术在农机测试中的应用

针对虚拟仪器技术在农机测试当中的实际运用展开了深入、全面的探讨。通过对一套基于虚拟仪器测试系统的设计(测试系统软件依托于LabWindows/CVI)来收集农机测试传感器的输入信号、动态以及静态特性,获得了非常理想的测试结果。和以往的测试系统相比,此系统拥有更良好的人机界面,并且更方便使用。     

柴油机性能微机测试系统的设计

根据柴油机的主要性能指标，设计了基于微机系统的柴油机性能测试系统。系统由传感器（或一次仪表）、单片机数据采集仪和计算机等3部分组成。由传感器对信号进行采样并转换成电信号，再由单片机进行处理并转换成相应的数字量，检测数据最后由计算机处理，实现数据的显示、保存、测试报表的打印及数据库维护等功能。     

基于B级精度的水泵数字化测试系

遵循水泵测试的国家标准，设计并制作了数字化水泵测试系统，完成对水泵的进出口压力、流量、扭矩、转速、温度、振动、噪声等数字化接口制作和数据处理;重点论述了水泵流量系统的设计、率定及误差分析;最后经过对国标B级精度要求的水泵转速、流量、扬程、泵轴功率系统误差和随机误差分折,论证了水泵数字化测试系统达到国标B级精度的要求。     

接地质量测试仪

接地质量测试仪是为了方便现场对接地网连接质量进行测试而开发的一款新型、智能仪表。介绍了接地质量测试仪的设计思路、系统总体框图、系统流程图及工作过程,同时介绍了接地网连接质量测试结果的判断和处理的方法。     

车辆底盘性能测试构建的分析

通过对车辆底盘性能测试系统构建的研究,分析了该测试系统道路状况模拟的原理.设计了基本的测试流程,制定了车辆综合性能测试相应软硬件的控制方案.为测试系统的合理构建提供了必要的基础条件.     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。