议动物防疫依法行政

行政执法是指行政主体行使行政职权,对行政管理相对人作出的能够直接或者间接产生法律效果的行为,是国家管理公共事务,维护正常社会秩序的重要手段。行政执法必须依法进行,即“依法行政”。依法行政是指政府的各种行政行为都要有法律依据,都要按照法律的规定办事。这是国家行政机关的根本准则,是现代法治国家政府行使权利时所普遍奉行的基本准则,是社会从人治向法治转变的具体反映。动物防疫和动物防疫监督是加强对动物防疫工作的管理,预防、控制和扑灭动物疫病,促进养殖业发展,保护人体健康方面的行政执法活动,在执法工作中也必须依法行政,遵循动物防疫及相关的法律法规。     

动物防疫机构改制后的变化

在畜牧业迅猛发展的今天,随着牲畜头数的快速增长和牲畜质量的不断提高,原有的动物防疫体制远远不能适应畜牧业发展需要,为了将动物防疫工作搞得扎实可靠,真正为畜牧业发展起到保驾护航的作用,杭锦后旗旗委、政府对动物防疫机构进行了大刀阔斧的改制。改制后的防疫队伍经过一年     

试述我国动物防疫行政执法主体

动物防疫行政执法主体是指能以自己名义行使动物防疫监督职权，作出影响管理相对人权利义务的行政行为，并能由其本身对外承担行政法律责任的机构。 《动物防疫法》颁布以来，由于其配套法规至今没有出台，国家尚未对动物防疫行政执法主体的机构名称作出明确、具体的规定。因此，在一些地方出现了多头执法，内部争执法权的问题，已经影响到《动物防疫法》的实施。１导致我国动物防疫行政执法主体混乱的原因１．１　１９９２年４月８日农业部发布的《家畜家禽防疫条例实施细则》规定，县级以上人民政府农牧主管部门所属的兽医卫生监督检验机…     

认真贯彻《动物防疫法》促进我县动物防疫工作深入进行

１ 贯彻《动物防疫法》所进行的工作及取得的成绩１．１ 大力宣传《动物防疫法》，营造全县动物防疫执法的良好氛围。１．２ 认真贯彻执行《动物防疫法》，建立健全各项规章制度。 为认真贯彻《动物防疫法》，使我县防检疫工作走上法制化轨道，制定了《中卫县动物防、检行政执法责任制实施方案》。按照“动物防疫法”要求，实施方案从疫病控制、动物防疫条件审查、动物检疫等环节上对每个检疫人员提出了详尽的要求和规定，并组织成立了执法责任制领导小组、执法监督处罚小组、执法考评小组、执法错案追究小组，明确了行政执法的范围、权限、…     

关于建立无规定动物疫病区的思考

为促进我国畜牧生产的持续发展,扩大畜禽及其产品的出口,保证肉食品的卫生和人民的健康,农业部已决定率先在部分省区建立无规定动物疫病区。该项目实施方案要求各省区针对自然条件和疫病流行情况不尽相同的特点,因地制宜地集中人力、物力和财力,加强动物防疫的基础设施建设,采用包括行政、法律、经济和技术等手段在内的综合性防制措施,有计划、有重点、有目标地扑灭和控制约19种规定的动物疫病,降低发病率和死亡率,进而提高畜牧业的生产水平,增加数量,提高质量。这对我国兽医技术水平的提高,兽医设施设备的改善,兽医有关法规的健全,无疑是一…     

加强动物防疫监督开创防检疫工作新局面

近年来,济源市的动物防疫监督队伍不断发展壮大,目前,已拥有监督员１０名,检疫员５０名,承担着全市动物、动物产品检疫及监督管理工作。经过几年来的探索和实践,在全市范围内逐步形成了政府领导重视,畜牧部门主管,有关部门协作,全社会共同参与的统一协调、高效的动物防疫新格局,全面推进了我市动物防疫工作。１９９９年度荣获河南省动物防疫监督先进单位。我们的主要做法如下。１加大《动物防疫法》宣传力度,提高全社会的动物防疫意识为切实提高全社会对动物防疫工作重要性的认识,我市采取平时宣传与集中宣传相结合的办法,充分…     

动物疫病难以控制的原因分析

一、未如实上报疫情.如实反映疫情,是扑灭疫情应采取相应措施的依据.当前各地对动物防疫工作实行目标管理责任制,对动物疫病的发病数量实行量化指标考核管理.而目前一些地方为了不突破发病指标,对上报的疫情作了"加工",有瞒报、少报的现象,使各级政府、部门的领导及有关人员处于对疫情不甚明了的状态下,应该及时采取的果断措施未采取,使防疫措施与疫情实际不相符,导致防疫效果不佳.     

开展全市动物防疫监督大检查成效显著

为切实贯彻执行《防疫法》,加强对动物、动物产品经营者及内部系统的监督与管理,规范动物防疫、检疫操作,提高畜产品质量,拓宽国内外市场,为全市畜牧业健康稳定发展保驾护航,保障人民群众身体健康,７月２４日－８月１８日,临沂市畜牧局组织开展了一次规模较大的全市动物防疫监督大检查活动。这次检查共抽调市县１２名检疫监督人员,６台车辆,３部摄像机,分成３个检查组,历经２１天,以动物防疫条件、产地检疫、证照管理、检疫到位等为重点,对所辖１２个县区进行全面检查。检查中采取座谈、听汇报、看记录、重点现场查看等方式,…     

对餐馆饭店进行动物防疫监督管理的探讨

动物防疫监督机构究竟该不该对餐馆饭店进行监督管理,长期以来,一直是人们争论的焦点。对此,笔者就本地区餐馆饭店的具体情况以及如何管理的问题谈谈自己的看法。１餐饮业是最大的动物产品加工销售场所,必须加强管理餐馆饭店离不开动物性食品作原料,而且用量十分可观,乌市约有宾馆饭店４０００多家,每天需要动物性食品原料近３００千公斤。从总体讲,餐馆饭店是最大的动物产品加工销售场所。餐馆饭店动物性食品原料不仅用量大,而且进货渠道各不相同,有的自行采购,更多的是别人送货上门,其中有些动物和动物产品未经检疫就直接进入…     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.