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灰飞虱对杀虫剂抗药性的研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
灰飞虱对杀虫剂产生抗药性是其近年来暴发频繁的重要原因。本文综述了国内外关于灰飞虱抗药性的研究成果,包括灰飞虱抗药性的发展、交互抗性、抗性机理、抗性遗传及生物适合度等。田间灰飞虱种群对多种药剂产生了不同程度的抗药性,其中对新烟碱类药剂吡虫啉和昆虫生长调节剂噻嗪酮产生了高水平到极高水平抗性(抗药性倍数分别为44.6~108.8倍和超过200倍),对有机磷类药剂毒死蜱和乙酰甲胺磷(抗药性倍数分别为10~12.6倍和9~13倍)、氨基甲酸酯类药剂甲萘威和残杀威(抗药性倍数分别为29.8~45.3倍和40.1~131.5倍)和拟除虫菊酯类药剂高效氯氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯(抗药性倍数分别为7.8~108.8倍和12~21倍)产生了中等水平到高水平的抗药性,对氟虫腈、阿维菌素和噻虫嗪没有产生抗药性(抗性倍数5倍)。长期大面积使用化学药剂是灰飞虱产生抗药性的重要原因。因此,必须加强灰飞虱的抗性治理,以延缓其抗药性进一步发展。 相似文献
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日光温室条件下,分别以温室粉虱和烟粉虱作为扩繁寄主,建立起稳定的2种丽蚜小蜂种群(分别以E1和E2表示)。对这2种不同寄主来源的丽蚜小蜂在番茄、黄瓜、菜豆、茄子上烟粉虱和温室粉虱的寄生率进行了研究与比较。结果表明,E1和E2对4种寄主植物上温室粉虱的控制作用均显著大于对烟粉虱的控制作用;E1对茄子和黄瓜上的粉虱类害虫的控制作用较好,E2对4种植物间粉虱类害虫的控制作用无显著差异。2种小蜂在4种植物上烟粉虱的寄生率,除番茄上E1(27.84%)低于E2(42.22%),差异显著,其余3种植物上,均是E1高于E2,差异显著;2种小蜂在4种植物上对温室粉虱的寄生率,均是E1高于E2,差异显著,即对于4种植物上的粉虱类害虫的控害效果E1要相对优于E2。 相似文献
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摘新梢防治梨木虱效果好梨木虱是梨树上主要害虫之一。在砀山梨区每年发生5~6代,其中以2~3代若虫危害最重,常造成落叶。对梨木虱的防治一般采用药物防治,用药次数每年多达9次以上。造成害虫抗药性增强,天敌大量被杀,使害虫更加猖獗,还增加了对环境的污染,也... 相似文献
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Cotton whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) resistance to organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in Pakistan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Resistance to three organophosphate and four pyrethroid insecticides was monitored from 1992 to 2000 in field populations of adult whiteflies, Bemisia tabaci, from Pakistan using a leaf-dip method. There was generally a very high resistance to dimethoate and deltamethrin, and a moderate resistance to monocrotophos during 1992 to 1996. From 1997 to 2000, resistance to these insecticides dropped to low levels because of less reliance on them for whitefly control, and introduction of new chemistries with novel modes of action that had no cross-resistance to conventional insecticides. Concurrently, whitefly resistance to acephate, fenpropathrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and bifenthrin mostly remained low. An insecticide resistance management strategy is recommended that particularly emphasizes the rotation of still-effective insecticides from different chemical classes along with the use of novel chemicals and other tactics of integrated pest management. 相似文献
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A whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii) resistance crisis climaxed in 1995 in Arizona cotton and prompted the development of an integrated resistance management strategy adapted from a program implemented in Israel in 1987. The strategy incorporated two new major elements: once-per-year use of the insect growth regulators (IGRs) pyriproxyfen and buprofezin, and measures to delay use of pyrethroids for as long into the growing season as possible. A three-stage chemical use recommendation was formulated comprising IGRs (Stage I), other non-pyrethroid insecticides (Stage II), and synergized pyrethroid insecticides (Stage III). Results from use of the strategy in the 1996 season were very promising. Insecticide use for control of whiteflies was reduced substantially. State-wide monitoring of whitefly susceptibility revealed significant reductions in resistance to synergized pyrethroids as well as increased susceptibility to amitraz. Susceptibility of Lygus bugs to key insecticides changed correspondingly with increases and decreases in whitefly resistance from 1994 through 1996. ©1997 SCI 相似文献
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6种杀虫剂对Q型烟粉虱的田间防治效果及抗性测定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文测试了6种常用杀虫剂对黄瓜上Q型烟粉虱的田间防治效果,并进行室内毒力测定,以确定Q型烟粉虱对不同药剂的抗性。结果表明,施药后第3天,阿维菌素防治效果达78.8%,其次为苦参&;#8226;内酯,防效达65.1%,其他药剂防效低于45%;施药7d后,6种供试杀虫剂防效均下降到45%以下,且药剂间的差异不显著。毒力测定显示,Q型烟粉虱对6种常用杀虫剂均产生不同程度的抗性,且抗性水平高于B型。其中,Q型对高效氯氰菊酯抗性(抗性倍数47.69)显著高于B型(抗性倍数7.19);对阿维菌素抗性则相对较低,抗性指数仅为4.40;对苦参碱、啶虫脒和吡虫啉的抗性居中(抗性倍数4.57~9.44)。 相似文献
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为明确螺虫乙酯在湖北地区的抗性水平以及与其存在潜在交互抗性风险的常用药剂类型,采用着卵叶片浸渍法,于2013年对湖北省13个烟粉虱MEAM1和MED隐种地理种群对螺虫乙酯的抗药性进行了监测,并以室内敏感品系SUD-S为参照,对经螺虫乙酯连续17代抗性筛选的WH-2种群进行了交互抗性分析。结果表明:湖北省13个烟粉虱地理种群对螺虫乙酯均表现出极低的抗性,LC50介于0.015~0.081 mg/L之间;其中MED隐种WH-2种群对螺虫乙酯的抗性最高,LC50为0.081 mg/L。在室内用螺虫乙酯对MED隐种WH-2种群连续17代抗性筛选后,其对螺虫乙酯的抗性倍数上升约7倍。经螺虫乙酯筛选的WH-2种群对吡虫啉、乙酰甲胺磷、灭多威、氟氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯和氟啶虫胺腈均产生了低水平的交互抗性,抗性倍数分别为8.699、7.165、5.317、6.681、2.958、5.662倍,而对毒死蜱和阿维菌素无交互抗性。表明烟粉虱在湖北省部分地区对螺虫乙酯存在低水平抗性,且螺虫乙酯与部分常用杀虫剂存在交互抗性风险。 相似文献
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Thomas A Houndété Guillaume K Kétoh Omer SA Hema Thierry Brévault Isabelle A Glitho Thibaud Martin 《Pest management science》2010,66(11):1181-1185
BACKGROUND: The tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), has developed a high degree of resistance to several chemical classes of insecticides throughout the world. To evaluate the resistance status in West Africa, eight insecticides from different chemical families were tested using the leaf‐dip method on four field populations collected from cotton in Benin, Togo and Burkina Faso. RESULTS: Some field populations showed a significant loss of susceptibility to pyrethroids such as deltamethrin [resistance ratio (RR) 3–5] and bifenthrin (RR 4–36), to organophosphates (OPs) such as dimethoate (RR 8–15) and chlorpyrifos (RR 5–7) and to neonicotinoids such as acetamiprid (RR 7–8) and thiamethoxam (RR 3–7). Bemisia tabaci was also resistant to pymetrozine (RR 3–18) and to endosulfan (RR 14–30). CONCLUSION: The resistance of B. tabaci to pyrethroids and OPs is certainly due to their systematic use in cotton treatments for more than 30 years. Acetamiprid has been recently introduced for the control of whiteflies. Unfortunately, B. tabaci populations from Burkina Faso seem to be already resistant. Because cross‐resistance between these compounds has never been observed elsewhere, resistance to neonicotinoids could be due to the presence of an invasive B. tabaci biotype recently detected in the region. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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