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1.
Aly Mohamed Karen Samy Darwish Adel Ramoun Khalid Tawfeek Nguyen Van Hanh Noelita Melo de Sousa Jose Sulon Otto Szenci Jean-Francios Beckers 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(1):5-7
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of transrectal palpation (TRP) for diagnosing early pregnancy in
buffaloes and the false diagnoses of the TRP test by using the pregnancy-associated glycoprotein radioimmunoassay (PAG-RIA)
test. Pregnancy was diagnosed in 168 buffalo–cows once by TRP and PAG-RIA test between days 31 and 55 after breeding. The
sensitivity of TRP for detecting pregnant buffalo–cows was 37.5% at days 31–35, increased to 93.8% at days 46–50 and reached
100% at days 51–55 (P < 0.01). All cases of false negative diagnoses (n = 10) had PAG concentration higher than the threshold (≥1.8 ng/mL) for diagnosing pregnancy. The specificity of TRP for detecting
non-pregnant buffalo cows ranged between 90.9%, and 100% between days 31 and 55. All cases of false positive diagnoses (n = 5) made by TRP had PAG concentrations lower than the threshold for diagnosing pregnancy. It could be concluded that TRP
is an accurate method for diagnosing pregnant and non-pregnant buffalo cows from day 46 after breeding. 相似文献
2.
Sánchez Dávila F Bernal H Colín J Olivares E del Bosque AS Ledezma R Ungerfeld R 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(4):887-891
The objective of this study was to determine whether season and total rainfall during the breeding season, sheep parity, and/or
litter size affect the interval from the introduction of rams to estrus (IRE) in hair Saint Croix sheep in northeastern Mexico.
An analysis was made of 874 services performed during 9 years, introducing the rams into the sheep flock after an isolation
period of 60 days during the postpartum period. Estrus was recorded twice daily during 35 days. Year and season influenced
significantly on the interval between ram introduction and estrus length (P < 0.01). Winter IRE length (7.9 ± 0.1 days) was shorter than in the other three seasons (11.1 ± 0.2, 11.1 ± 0.1, and 16.2 ± 0.2 days
in summer, autumn, and spring, respectively) (P < 0.01). An interaction was observed between rainfall and season, then by rainfall between 0 and 100 mm, IRE was shorter
(P < 0.05) in winter (6.8 ± 0.3 days), and by rainfall between 100 and 199 mm, IRE was shorter (P < 0.05) in autumn (10.2 ± 0.5 days); however, when rainfall was beyond 200 mm, IRE length was shorter (P < 0.01) in summer (4.8 ± 0.5 days) than in autumn (14.5 ± 0.3 days). The IRE length was also longer in first lambing ewes
(P < 0.05) and was not affected by litter size. In the present study, several factors, including the breeding season, rainfall
and parity, directly influenced the interval between the male introduction and the onset of estrus by Saint Croix hair sheep. 相似文献
3.
Bhakat M Mohanty TK Raina VS Gupta AK Khan HM Mahapatra RK Sarkar M 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(6):1161-1168
The objective of the study was to determine the effect of season, period, age, bull, and ejaculate on semen quality in Sahiwal
bulls. Semen production records from 1996 to 2006 of 5,483 ejaculates from 46 Sahiwal bulls maintained at Artificial Breeding
Complex, NDRI, Karnal, India were analyzed using least square analysis of variance by LSML software package. The overall least
squares means of ejaculate volume (VOL), total volume per day (VOLD), mass activity (MA), initial motility (IM), sperm concentration
per ml (SPC), and sperm concentration per ejaculate (SPCE) were 3.79 ± 0.02 ml, 5.81 ± 0.06 ml, 2.32 ± 0.01, 55.47 ± 0.001%,
766.69 ± 5.50 × 106/ml and 3023.25 ± 30.15 × 106, respectively. All semen traits (VOL, VOLD, MA, IM and SPCE) were significantly (P < 0.01) affected by age groups, season and period, whereas season had significant effect on VOL at 5% level. During hot-humid
season, highest value of VOL, VOLD, MA, IM, SPC, and SPCE were observed followed by summer and cold season. Highest value
of VOL, VOLD, IM, and SPCE were observed during period-3 (2004–2006), whereas highest value of MA and SPC were observed during
period-1 (1996–1999). However, lowest magnitude of MA, IM, SPC, and SPCE during period-2 (2000–2003) was observed. Ejaculate
characteristics like VOL, VOLD, and SPCE increased with the increasing age of bull up to 5 years and then decreased. Significant
(P < 0.01) bull to bull variation was found in VOL, VOLD, MA, IM, SPC, and SPCE traits. First ejaculate had significantly (P < 0.01) higher MA, IM, SPC, and SPCE. Hence, it could be concluded that during rainy season and period-1 and period-3 the
quality of semen is quantitatively and qualitatively good. Better quality semen was obtained up to 5 years of age in Sahiwal
bulls. 相似文献
4.
The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis of wave pattern of follicular growth and to monitor the ovarian follicular
dynamic in Iraqi buffalo cows. Reproductive tracts were collected at random intervals slaughtered at Mosul abattoir. According
to morphological appearance of the corpus luteum, the estrous cycle was divided into four stages. The number of subordinate
follicle (<5 mm in diameter) was higher during stage 1 (metestrous) and stage (proestrous and estrous) than during other stages
of the estrous cycles, 13.5 ± 6.08 and 4 9.41 ± 3.94, respectively. There were fewer follicles (5–8 mm in diameter) during
early diestrous and proestrous, 1.66 ± 1.42 and estrous, 0.69 ± 0.47 than during metestrous, 4.53 ± 3.23 and late diestrous,
3.66 ± 2.23. Follicles > 8–12 mm in diameter were more numerous during early diestrous, 1.62 ± 1.29 and late diestrous, 1.03 ± 0.72.
A total 38 (64.6%; 82/127) animals examined showed follicles larger than 8 mm during early and late diestrous (stage 2 and
stage 3). This indicated that these buffaloes developed two follicular waves in their cycle. Buffaloes did not show follicles
larger than 8 mm during early and late diestrous were 45 animals (35.4%; 45/127), but all of these presented one large follicle
during the following stage. These buffaloes develop only one follicular wave in their cycle. It could be concluded that, 64.6%
of Iraqi buffalo cows develop two patterns of follicular waves, and 35.4% showed one wave of follicular dynamics. 相似文献
5.
Talebi J Moghaddam A Souri M Mirmahmoudi R 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(2):355-360
The present study aims were to determine the profiles of changes in progesterone (P4) and 17-β-estradiol (E2) in the peripheral
blood of Markhoz goat (Iranian Angora) during estrous cycle, gestation, and parturition throughout natural breeding season.
Gestation length averaged 145.3 ± 0.8 days, and the litter size was 1.1 ± 0.1. Birth weight ranged 2.4–2.8 and 1.5–2.5 kg
in male and female kids, respectively. The mean estrous cycle lengths were 20.3 ± 0.4 and 20.9 ± 0.4 days for PGF2α-induced and natural cycles, respectively. Blood sampling was carried out daily during estrous cycle and weekly during gestation
till parturition. E2 attained higher level (24.7 ± 2.15 pg mL−1) at estrus phase and dropped down to the lower level (18.80 ± 1.16 pg mL−1) within 3 to 4 days post-estrus. Concomitantly, P4 started to increase from the mean basal value of 0.5 ± 0.03 ng mL−1 on day 0 to 6.88 ± 0.95 ng mL−1 on day 6 of estrous cycle and reached the peak value of 12.8 ± 0.61 ng mL−1 on day 12. From day 15, a decline was observed in P4 values till the end of the cycle. P4 remained at lower concentrations
for 20–50 days of gestation, then increased and reached to its maximum level (13.51 ± 0.279 ng mL−1) in week 15 and returned again to its basal values within 1–2 weeks before parturition. The results will be discussed in
terms of the usage of steroid hormone profile in several assisted reproductive technologies. 相似文献
6.
Mummed YY 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(4):785-790
Daily milk yield of Ogaden cattle was estimated from milk suckled by 269 calves born and maintained between 1994 and 2004
at Haramaya University Beef Farm, Ethiopia. The weigh–suckle–weigh method and the growth of calves were used to estimate the
yield. Mean predicted daily milk yield of the breed based on the weigh–suckle–weigh method was 4.39 ± 0.03 kg day−1. Daily milk yield estimated from the growth of calves up to 3 months of age was 4.59 ± 1.43 kg day−1. The milk yield was significantly affected by seasons of calving (p < 0.001), parities of the dams (p < 0.05), weeks of lactation (p < 0.001) and birth weights of calves (p < 0.05). A relatively higher milk yield was observed from cows calved during the long rain season. A higher milk yield was
produced by cows in fifth parity. Heavier calves at birth suckled more milk than lighter calves. Daily milk yield was significantly
higher in 3–6 weeks of lactation. The result of this study indicated that the milk yield produced by Ogaden breed was relatively
higher than the yield of some Zebu breed measured by partial suckling system in Ethiopia and was comparable to the yield from
Zebu cattle in the tropics estimated by the same method. 相似文献
7.
Circadian rhythm of metabolic changes associated with summer heat stress in high-producing dairy cattle 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mohamed Ahmed M. M. Shehab-El-Deen Moustafa S. Fadel Ann Van Soom Sherif Y. Saleh Dominiek Maes Jo L. M. R. Leroy 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(6):1119-1125
The current study aimed to investigate the circadian rhythm of blood metabolic parameters associated with summer heat stress
(HS) in dairy cows. Ten healthy lactating Holstein Friesian cows were followed during HS for three successive days at six
different time points. Blood was sampled from each cow starting from 07:00 am; at 4-h intervals. Ambient air temperature and relative humidity were recorded, and temperature-humidity index (THI) was
calculated as well. Respiration rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT) were recorded for each cow at the time of blood sampling.
Concentrations of glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), total cholesterol (TC) and urea were measured in each blood
sample. The THI values were >68 at all times of the day, and the highest values were recorded at 11:00 am, 03:00 pm and 07:00 pm (80.9, 83.7, and 80.8, respectively). All the cows showed a significantly higher RR and RT coinciding with higher THI values
(93 ± 4 and 39.6 ± 0.1; 90.2 ± 3.4, and 40.1 ± 0.1; 87.6 ± 4.1, and 39.8 ± 0.1, respectively, P < 0.05). The concentrations of glucose were the lowest at 11:00 am and 03:00 pm (3.75 ± 0.1 and 3.44 ± 0.1 mmol/L, respectively, P < 0.05). Decreased glucose concentrations coincided with increased NEFA concentrations, (0.43 ± 0.01 and 0.56 ± 0.02 mmol/L,
respectively, P < 0.05), and were highly negatively correlated (r = −0.50, P < 0.001). The highest urea and TC concentrations were registered at 11:00 am (6.11 ± 0.15 mmol/L and 109.9 ± 2.2 mg/dl, respectively) whereas the lowest urea and TC values were recorded at 03:00 am (4.97 ± 0.18 mmol/L and 99.5 ± 1.7 mg/dl, respectively, P < 0.05). The results of the present study indicate that there was a circadian variation in glucose, NEFA, urea, and TC resulting
in the most unfavorable metabolic condition during the hottest moment of the day in dairy cattle. Earlier work revealed that
HS-metabolic changes are reflected in the follicular fluid. The circadian changes observed in the present study associated
with HS may imply that also the microenvironment of the oocyte is affected. 相似文献
8.
The objective of this study was (1) to establish the duration of behavioral estrus signs and timing of ovulation in Murrah
buffaloes (n = 10) and (2) to determine relationship between behavioral estrus signs with change in plasma estrogen concentrations in
animals treated with Heatsynch protocol. Estrus and its behavioral signs were detected at hourly intervals by visual observations
per rectal examination of genitalia and bull parading four times in a day for 30 min each. Among the behavioral signs of estrus,
swollen vulva was the best indicator of estrus followed by excitement and chasing by bull (90%). Among the duration of behavioral
estrus signs, the first and longest duration of estrus signs was swollen vulva, which was seen up to 21.6 ± 1.1 h after onset
of estrus. The mean total duration of estrus symptoms from appearance to disappearance of all the behavioral estrus symptoms
was 40.2 ± 1.8 h. Endocrine profile during the periestrus period showed that the mean peak concentrations of total estrogen
330.9 ± 108.3 pg/ml occurred at 9.6 ± 1.0 h after estradiol benzoate injection. The average number of estrus symptoms observed
per animal during Heatsynch treatment was 7.1. Ovulation occurred after 50.0 ± 2.0 h after estradiol benzoate treatment and
26.7 ± 2.0 h after end of total estrogen surge, respectively. In conclusion, our results suggest that all signs of behavioral
estrus occurred after the preovulatory rise in estrogens. The first sign of estrus was swollen vulva, and this symptom persisted
the longest. 相似文献
9.
Rubio Ivette Castillo Epigmenio Soto Rodolfo Alarcón Fernando Murcia Clara Galina Carlos S. 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(3):539-545
The aim was to study postpartum follicular population dynamics in Brahman cows in the Mexican humid tropics and under different
stocking rates. Lactating adult cows (n = 104) grazed native grammas (Paspalum spp., Axonopus spp.) under two stocking rates: 2.8 (high) or 1.7 (low) cows/ha. Follicle numbers and their size (millimetres) were measured
by ovarian ultrasound scanning. Animals detected in oestrus and inseminated were taken out of the study. Both stocking rates
produced similar (P < 0.05) body condition scores (BCS) and follicular dynamics. The percent of follicles, averaged over stocking rates, of <4 mm
diminished and those of 5–8 mm increased with time, whilst those of >9 mm remained constant; respective values for the previously
mentioned sizes were 60 days postpartum (n = 101), 49%, 56% and 5%; 120 days (n = 70), 28%, 66% and 6%; and 180 days (n = 15), 9%, 79% and 12%. There was a positive correlation between BCS and follicle number for size <4 mm (r = 0.73, P < 0.01), whilst for size 5–8 mm, this was negative (r = −0.51, P < 0.05), for follicles >9 mm, no difference was found (r = −0.08, P > 0.05). It was concluded that stocking rate did not affect follicular population dynamics of Brahman cows, but BCS dictated
the number and categories of follicles present regardless of the stocking rate utilised. 相似文献
10.
Seventy multiparous healthy lactating Holstein cows (fat-corrected milk yield = 7,561.8 kg) were monitored from 14 days before
to 70 days after calving. Transrectal ultrasound scanning was performed twice weekly from 7 to 65 days postpartum. Blood samples
were also collected twice weekly to measure serum P4 and biweekly to detect serum β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations. Body condition score
(BCS) was taken biweekly after calving. Based on the serum P4 profile of 59 cows (11 cows were excluded due to the occurrence of postpartum diseases) studied, 27 (45.8%) had normal ovarian
activity, while 21 (35.6%), six (10.1%), three (5.1%), and two (3.4%) had delayed ovulation (DOV), prolonged luteal phase
(PLP), short luteal phase (SLP), and cessation of ovarian activity, respectively. Cows with PLP had an earlier ovulation compared
to that of cows with normal ovarian activity (23.16 ± 4.02 vs 31.9 ± 8.35 days; P < 0.05). PLP cows also had a greater mean ± standard deviation peak milk yield (44.2 ± 5.8 vs 37.2 ± 5.7 kg/day, 75 days
postpartum; P < 0.05) than cows with normal postpartum ovarian activity. The PLP group also had greater milk production in the previous
lactation period. Logistic regression analysis indicated that cows with P4 concentration ≥1 ng/ml on day 24 after calving were more at risk for PLP by 1.1 for each 1 kg increase in mean peak milk
yield during 75 days after calving. BCS was lower in cows with DOV compared to that of cows with normal ovarian activity at
any time after calving (P < 0.05). Serum βHB concentrations in DOV cows were significantly higher than that of normal cows on day 42 after calving
(0.69 ± 0.29 vs 0.54 ± 0.12 mmol/L, P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the mean concentrations of NEFA between cows in different groups at any time
after calving (P > 0.05). The concentrations of P4 on days 28 and 31 were negatively correlated with βHB concentration on day 42 after calving in cows with normal ovarian activity
(R = −0.44, P = 0.02). In conclusion, these findings suggest that early ovulation and hence early postpartum P4 rise in addition to the high milk production could partly be responsible for the occurrence of PLP in dairy cows. 相似文献
11.
12.
Krishna Mohan Vijay Kumar Mihir Sarkar B. S. Prakash 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(1):21-26
The objective of this study were (1) to establish the duration of behavioral estrus signs and timing of ovulation in Murrah
buffaloes (n = 10) and (2) to determine relationship between behavioral estrus signs with change in plasma estrogen concentrations.
Estrus and its behavioral signs were detected at hourly intervals by visual observations, per recta examination of genitalia
and bull parading four times in a day for 30 minutes each. Among the behavioral signs of estrus, swollen vulva (80%) was the
best indicator of estrus followed by excitement (70%). Among the duration of behavioral estrus signs the first and longest
duration of estrus signs was swollen vulva which was seen upto 19.8 ± 0.8 h after onset of estrus. The mean total duration
of estrus symptoms from appearance to disappearance of all the behavioral estrus symptoms was 23.5 ± 1.7 h. All the behavioral
estrus symptoms were observed during the period of estrogen surge. Endocrine profile during the periestrus period showed that
the mean peak concentrations of total estrogen 23.9 ± 3.9 pg/ml occurred at 8.8 ± 1.7 h after onset of estrus. The average
number of estrus symptoms observed per animal during onset of spontaneous estrus was 5.7. Ovulation occurred after 37.4 ± 1.7 h
after onset of estrus and 13.4 ± 1.0 h after end of total estrogen surge respectively. In conclusion, our results suggest
that all signs of behavioral estrus occurred during the preovulatory rise in estrogens. The first sign of estrus to be observed
was a swollen vulva and this symptom persisted the longest. 相似文献
13.
Macedo GG Zúccari CE de Abreu UG Negrão JA da Costa e Silva EV 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(6):1175-1182
This study investigated the effect of human–animal interaction (HAI) and the stress response on the quality of embryo production
in superovulated Nelore (Bos indicus) cattle, under tropical conditions. Thirty-two females underwent a superovulation protocol for 5 days. Cortisol concentrations
were determined in blood plasma collected on days 0, 4, and 5. Artificial insemination was performed on days 4 and 5, and
nonsurgical embryo flushing on day 11. Embryo production and viability were determined. Human stimulation, animal behaviors,
accidents, and handling time were recorded to assess HAI. Cattle age was negatively correlated with accidents, frequency of
aversive behaviors, and negative stimuli by stockperson during transit through corral compartments to receive superovulation
treatments. The factor analysis revealed two distinct groups. The first group was called stressed and had higher cortisol
concentration than the nonstressed group, 16.0 ± 2.1 and 12.5 ± 1.0 ng/mL, respectively. Comparisons between these groups
showed that the frequency of voice emissions by the stockperson and the number of accidents were higher in the stressed group,
and also, the mean handling time was longer in the stressed group than for the nonstressed. As a result, viability rate of
the embryos was 19% lower in the stressed group (P < 0.05). This indicates that intensive negative HAI is likely related to stress, which affects embryo production in a superovulation
program. 相似文献
14.
Sudershan Kumar Anil K. Srivastava V. K. Dumka Naresh Kumar Rajinder K. Raina 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(6):503-510
Pharmacokinetics and milk levels of ceftriaxone were studied in healthy and endometritic cows following single intravenous
administration. The drug was detected up to 8 h of dosing in plasma of healthy and endometritic cows and the drug disposition
followed three-compartment open model. The values of Vdarea, AUC, t1/2β, ClB, MRT and P/C ratio were 0.50 ± 0.19 L.kg−1, 62.2 ± 23.3 μg.ml−1.h, 1.02 ± 0.07 h, 0.30 ± 0.09 L.kg−1.h−1, 1.55 ± 0.25 h and 0.52 ± 0.27, respectively, in healthy and 1.55 ± 0.52 L.kg−1, 37.0 ± 17.1 μg.ml−1.h, 1.56 ± 0.25 h, 0.56 ± 0.14 L.kg−1.h−1, 2.14 ± 0.34 h and 1.44 ± 0.60, respectively, in endometritic cows. The drug was detected in milk for 36 h after administration.
For MIC90 of 0.5 μg.ml−1 the most appropriate dosage for ceftriaxone, would be 9.0 mg.kg−1 repeated at 6 h intervals for the treatment of endometritis in cows. 相似文献
15.
Evaporative cooling in late gestation heat‐stressed Murrah buffaloes increases efficiency of next reproductive cycle
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Evaporative cooling during late gestation period improves post‐partum reproductive performance in Murrah buffaloes. To prove this hypothesis, sixteen pregnant dry Murrah buffaloes at sixty days pre‐partum were selected and divided into two groups of eight animals each. Group 1 of buffaloes (Cooled/CL) was managed under fan and mist cooling during dry period, whereas second group of buffaloes (non‐cooled/NCL) remained without the provision of cooling. After parturition, all the animals were managed under evaporative cooling till the end of experimental period. Reproductive performance in cooled (CL) and non‐cooled (NCL) groups, respectively, viz. 1st and 2nd ovulation from calving (48.63 ± 2.41, 69.25 ± 2.34 days and 57.75 ± 3.35, 93.63 ± 2.84 days); calving to conception interval (117.88 ± 4.21 days and 117.88± 4.21 days); conception rate (87.5% ± 2.16% and 57% ± 2.26%); and follicular diameter at the time of 1st and 2nd ovulation (14.84 ± 0.16, 15.75 ± 0.13 mm and 12.65 ± 0.13, 13.35 ± 0.11 mm) varied significantly (p < .05). Total peak oestrogen concentration was significantly (p < .05) higher in cooled (26.7 ± 1.32 pg/ml) relative to non‐cooled (20.7 ± 1.22 pg/ml) buffaloes. Time from onset of oestrus to ovulation varied significantly (p < .05) in cooled (32 ± 2.22 hr) and non‐cooled (40 ± 2.86 hr) buffaloes. The peak progesterone concentration reached to (4.25 ng/ml) in cooled group and (4.16 ng/ml) in non‐cooled group after first ovulation. 相似文献
16.
The effect of GnRH administration on superovulatory response of ewes treated with equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) in
breeding and nonbreeding seasons and the contribution of laparoscopic insemination to the improvement of fertilization and
embryo recovery were investigated. Twenty-four nonpregnant Awassi ewes of 3–4 years of age were randomly allocated into two
groups (n = 12). Each ewe was treated with a progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponge for 12 days. The following superovulation
treatment was used: ewes of group 1 received 1,200 IU of eCG once as an intramuscular injection 48 h prior to sponge withdrawal;
ewes of group 2 also received 1,200 IU of eCG once as an intramuscular injection, 48 h prior to sponge withdrawal and after
24 h of sponge removal. Ewes were injected with 80 μg of GnRH. Ewes of groups 1 and 2 were further subdivided into four equal
groups (n = 6). Subgroups A and C (superovulated with eCG and eCG plus GnRH, respectively) were mated naturally at least two times
with Awassi rams of proven fertility at 8-h intervals. Subgroups B and D (same as A and C) had intrauterine insemination at
44–46 h after sponge removal, under laparoscopic visualization of uterine horns, depositing 1 ml of diluted semen containing
100 × 106 motile sperm in the distal portion of each uterine horn. Ovarian response was assessed by determining the number of corpora lutea by laparoscopy at day 6 after mating. Embryo recovery was performed by using a semi-laparoscopic flushing procedure in both
uterine horns. Results of the present study showed that ewes treated in breeding season with eCG plus GnRH has a higher number
(P < 0.05) of corpora lutea than eCG alone as 7.33 ± 0.54 and 4.33 ± 0.39, respectively. There was no significant difference in the number of corpora lutea in nonbreeding season when ewes treated with eCG and eCG plus GnRH. The number of unovulated follicles was significantly
higher (P < 0.05) in eCG treated ewes than in ewes treated with eCG plus GnRH, both in the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. The number
of recovered embryos from ewes treated with eCG plus GnRH and eCG differ significantly (P < 0.05) as 4.32 ± 0.56 and 1.06 ± 0.26, respectively, in the breeding seasons. No significant difference was observed when
these hormones used for superovulation in the nonbreeding season. A higher number of unfertilized ova (P < 0.05) was observed in ewes when naturally inseminated than in ewes inseminated using the intrauterine laparoscopic technique.
Higher rate of embryo recovery (P < 0.05) was achieved when ewes were inseminated via intrauterine (4.66 ± 0.66) compared with ewes naturally mated (2.16 ± 0.74).
The fertilization rate in ewes inseminated intrauterine using laparoscopic techniques and naturally mated were 91.5% and 44.8%,
respectively. Fertilization failure in ewes inseminated intrauterine using laparoscopic techniques and naturally mated were
8.4% and 55.2%, respectively. It could be concluded that administration of GnRH 24 h after sponge removal increased ovulation
rate of Awassi ewes treated with eCG for superovulation in the breeding season. The use of eCG to induce superovulation in
Awassi ewes combined with laparoscopic intrauterine insemination increases the fertilization rate. 相似文献
17.
Anglo-Nubian and Saanen goats were imported into Trinidad and Tobago to form the nucleus of the goat expansion and improvement
programme. Thermoregulation and performance of the parent stock and the F1 were evaluated under intensive housing and management.
Rectal temperature in the a.m. irrespective of breed or season ranged from 38.5°C to 38.7°C and p.m. ranged from 38.8°C to 39.0°C. After 2 h of exposure outdoors without shade, Saanen parent stock (SAPS) respiration rate (105 br/min)
was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than Saanen F1 (SAF1, 76 br/min), Anglo-Nubian parent stock (ANSP, 65 br/min) and Anglo-Nubian F1 (ANF1, 51 br/min).
Rectal temperature over the same period showed significant differences (p < 0.042) between SAF1 (39.8°C) and SAPS (39.4°C), and ANF1 (39.4°C); the value for ANSP was 39.7°C. Age at first kidding
showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) between breeds or between the parent stock and the F1 generations, ranging from 638 to 686 days. The ANPS were the
most prolific of all groups (p < 0.05); the mean for this group was 1.86 ± 0.07 kids/kidding. Saanen F1 was the least prolific among the group, with mean
number of kids at 1.23 (±0.11) kids/kidding. Kidding interval showed no significant (p > 0.05) difference between the groups, ranging from 319 to 521 days. It was concluded that the Anglo-Nubian appears to be
more suitable than the Saanen for the tropical humid environment in Trinidad as indicated by their thermoregulation, prolificacy
and kidding interval. 相似文献
18.
Gobena Ameni Abraham Aseffa Glyn Hewinson Martin Vordermeier 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(3):375-383
Host immune responses to Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) infection are variable at the different severity stages of pathology of the disease. In countries like Ethiopia, where routine
screening of bovine TB is not undertaken, the use of tests which measure cellular and antibody responses may help for the
maximum detection of infection. In the present study, 701 cattle were tested for bovine tuberculosis (BTB) using comparative
intradermal tuberculin (CIDT) test, interferon (IFN)-γ test, and lateral flow assay. The apparent prevalence was 32% when
all the three tests were used, but varied from 23 to 25% when a pair of tests was used and from 9% to 15% when a single test
was used. Agreement was observed between CIDT and IFN-γ tests both at a cut-off >2 mm (Kappa ± standard Error, k ± SE, 0.129 ± 0.045; 95%CI = 0.041,0.216) and a cut-off >4 mm (k ± SE, 0.094 ± 0.044, 95%CI = 0.008,0.179) while no agreement was observed either between CIDT test and lateral flow assay
(k ± SE, −0.04 ± 0.033; 95%CI = −0.104,0.024) or between IFN-γ tests and lateral flow assay (k ± SE, −0.031 ± 0.032; 95% CI = −0.093,0.031). Thus, the use of more than one test leads to the detection of the maximum number
of infected animals. 相似文献
19.
Effects of body condition score (BCS) at far-off dry period on blood biochemistry, liver triacylglycerol, and muscular monocarboxylate transporter-1 mRNA expression in tropical Holstein dairy cows during peripartum period were studied. Eight dry cows were divided into two groups of four cows based on their BCS at 8 weeks prepartum: high BCS (HBS) and low BCS (LBS). Blood samples were collected weekly from 8 weeks before expected calving date until 8 weeks postpartum for determination of serum glucose, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA). Muscle and liver samples were biopsied at 2 weeks before expected calving date and at 2 weeks postpartum for determination of muscular monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT-1) mRNA expression and liver triacylglycerol concentrations. Decreased BCS and elevated serum NEFA and BHBA indicated that LBS cows entered to the NEB period earlier than did HBS cows. LBS cows showed lower liver TAG and higher muscular MCT-1 mRNA expression than did HBS cows. The MCT-1 mRNA expression at 2 weeks prepartum was negatively correlated with BCSs at 2–3 weeks prepartum and at 1–2 weeks postpartum. In conclusion, LBS cows most likely adapted to NEB by upregulation of muscular MCT-1 expression and had lower NEB consequences during postpartum period. 相似文献
20.
Armando José Oropeza Ángel F. Rojas Miguel A. Velazquez Juan D. Muro Ysabel C. Márquez Lourdes T. Vilanova 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(6):1149-1154
The objective of the study was to determine the efficiency of ovsynch (OV) versus presynch-ovsynch (P-OV) protocol for synchronization
of ovulation and timed artificial insemination (TAI) in female buffaloes. The OV group (n = 40) received gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on day 0 (random day of the estrous cycle), prostaglandin ( PGF2a ) \left( {{\hbox{PG}}{{\hbox{F}}_{2\alpha }}} \right) on day 7 and a second GnRH administration on day 9 followed by a single artificial insemination (AI) 16-20 h later. The P-OV
group (n = 40) received two PGF2a {\hbox{PG}}{{\hbox{F}}_{2\alpha }} injections 14 days apart, with the second injection administered 14 days before starting the OV protocol. Progesterone (P4) was measured at the time of PGF2a {\hbox{PG}}{{\hbox{F}}_{2\alpha }} administration (within the OV protocol) and AI. Neither ovulation rate ((24 h after TAI) OV 90%-36/40 vs. P-OV 85%-34/40)
nor pregnancy rates ((day 60 after TAI) OV 35%-14/40 vs. P-OV 45%-18/40) differed between the two protocols. Pregnant buffaloes
had lower concentrations of P4 at AI compared with non-pregnant animals in the OV group (0.7 ± 0.1 vs. 1.1 ± 0.1 ng/ml); but in the P-OV group, differences
did not reach statistical significance (0.8 ± 0.1 vs. 1.0 ± 0.1 ng/ml). This apparent trend reached statistical significance
when the analysis was carried out in animals from both protocols (0.7 ± 0.1 (pregnant) vs. 1.1 ± 0.1 (non-pregnant) ng/ml).
In conclusion, both protocols synchronize ovulation effectively with no significant differences in conception rates. High
concentrations of P4 at AI seem to be detrimental for the establishment of pregnancy in lactating buffalo cows. 相似文献