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耿秉晋 《中国进出境动植检》1994,(3):24-25
澳大利亚是农业、畜牧业十分发达的国家,农、畜产品的进出口贸易在国民经济中占有重要地位。动植物检疫在保护农牧生产安全和人体健康、促进外贸发展方面发挥着重要作用。因此,澳大利亚的动植物检疫情况,一直受到我国农业和动植物检疫部门的重视,有很多地方值得我们借鉴学习。本文就澳大利亚动植物检疫的特点及发展动向作扼要介绍。 相似文献
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A. P. Kole 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1957,63(6):361-364
Summary Electron microscope observations on the soral zoospores ofSynchytrium endobioticum revealed, besides nuclear substance, the presence of a crateriform cavity in the zoospore body. Probably this cavity corresponds with the vacuole which contains oil in the living zoospore. The flagella are cylindrical and they have a whiplash tip. Faint longitudinal striations can just be detected in some of the flagella. A slight terminal swelling on the end of the whiplash is occasionally found. Several flagella, showed fibrillar disintegration. Making elevent fibres in all, there are two long central strands and nine shorter peripheral strads. A fine line running along the centre of some fibres indicates that probably each fibre contains two subfibres. 相似文献
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D. E. van der Zaag 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1956,62(5):258-260
Summary In the Netherlands in 1955 the winterwheat variety Heine's VII was severely attacked by yellow rust, although it was nearly free from rust in the previous years. In the past the same occurred with the french winterwheat variety Joncquois which appeared to be very promising in the years 1935 and 1936. In the years 1937 and 1938, however, it became attacked so badly that it disappeared in a few years.Thans werkzaam op het Proefstation voor de Akker- en Weidebouw, Wageningen. 相似文献
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G. M. Tichelaar 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1961,67(4):290-295
Samenvatting Door het feit dat witrot,Sclerotium cepivorum Berk., in de grond overblijft in de vorm van sclerotiën die zeer levenskrachtig zijn, is een economische bestrijding van deze ziekte met chemische middelen nog niet mogelijk. Onderzocht werd of een natuurlijke bestrijding met gebruikmaking van gladiolen als tussenteelt enig perspectief biedt.Uit laboratoriumproeven met de knollen vanGladiolus bleek, dat één of meer onbekende stoffen via de wortels aftescheiden worden die, in zeerg geringe concentraties, de kieming van sclerotïen vanS. cepivorum stimuleerde. In hogere concentraties bleken deze remmend te werken door wortelexcreten van de mycelium. Ook sclerotiën in de grond werden door wortelexcreten van de gladiool op de een of andere wijze beïnvloed, waardoor het aantal scleoriën sterk verminderde. In besmette grond, afkomstig van zieke percelen, werd de aantasting van uieplanten door witrot belangrijk verminderd na een voorvrucht met gladiolen.DaarGladiolus zelf niet als waardplant vanS. cepivorum optreedt, zou bestrijding van witrot mogelijk kunnen zijn doorGladiolus als tussenteelt bij de verbouw van uien in the schakelen.Summary
Sclerotium cepivorum Berk., the cause of white rot in onions, survives in the soil in the form of sclerotia, which remain viable for many years and which are highly resistant against fungicides. Therefore economic control of the disease with chemical compounds is not yet possible.In laboratory experiments root exudates ofGladiolus stimulated the germination of sclerotia. Higher concentrations of the active ingredient seemed toxic to the mycelium ofS. cepivorum (tables 1, 2; figs. 2, 3, 4, 5).The number of sclerotia in soil decreased more in the presence ofGladiolus than in controls withoutGladiolus (tables 3, 4). In soil from infested onion aereas growingGladiolus decreased the incidence of white rot in onions grown afterwards (table 5). It may therefore be possible to control white rot of onions by growingGladiolus in infested fields. 相似文献
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In Algeria, the Mediterranean fruit fly has long been associated with fruit production in coastal regions with a temperate climate. But with climate change, especially in autumn and spring, this fly has spread and attacks other host plants. The medfly appeared in the sub-Saharan area of Souf region (Algeria) on chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum) under protected crops and causes significant damage. 相似文献
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贝景波 《中国进出境动植检》1995,(2)
祖国的南大门,春意盎然。维系着共和国庄严声誉,牵系着祖国农业安危和亿万人民健康的动植物检疫,在中华人民共和国进出境动植物检疫法实施三周年后,到底发生了那些变化?深圳这块带有神秘色彩的特区,动植物检疫工作究竟怎么样?带着这一问题,我和深圳特区报记者小苏走访了坚守在祖国南大门上的检疫官员,体验动植物检疫那鲜为人知的苦辣酸甜。 相似文献
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Dr Ir A. P. Kole P. J. J. Philipsen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1956,62(4):167-170
Samenvatting en bespreking Een vijftiental plantensoorten werd onderzocht op vatbaarheid voor het zoösporangium-stadium vanP. brassicae. Hiervan werdenTrifolium pratense, Reseda odorata enLolium perenne in zeer geringe mate, enPapaver rhoeas iets sterker aangetast. De mate van aantasting van deze laatste was echter nog aanzienlijk minder dan van als vergelijkingsobject gebruikte bloemkoolplantjes. Gezien deze resultaten is het niet waarschijnlijk, dat niet-cruciferen enigermate kunnen bijdragen tot de instandhouding of vermeerdering van de schimmel bij afwezigheid van kruisbloemigen. Evenmin is er reden te veronderstellen, dat niet-cruciferen als vangplanten voor het uitroeien van de rustsporen van groot practisch belang kunnen zijn.Summary
Webb's (1949) discovery of zoosporangia ofP. brassicae in non-crucifers raises the question of further means of multiplication and survival in the soil (MacFarlane, 1952). Perhaps the fungus can maintain itself in successive generations of zoosporangia in root hairs of these plants. From there it might in turn infect crucifers and produce a fresh crop of resting spores. This must be kept in mind when considering the possibility of eradicating the fungus from the soil by growing non-crucifers which stimulate the resting spores to germinate. If survival in root hairs were important, plants for this purpose would need to resist the zoosporangial stage as well as stimulate spore germination.In the present study a number of non-crucifers was tested for susceptibility to the zoosporangial stage by a method already described (Kole, 1955). In addition, the rate of infection of susceptible non-crucifers was compared with that of cabbage grown under the same conditions. Of seven non-crucifers, not tested before, onlyTrifolium pratense became infected.MacFaralane's findings of non-cruciferous hosts were confirmed forPapaver rhoeas, Reseda odorata andLolium perenne (Table 1). In all the susceptible non-crucifers exceptPapaver rhoeas, infection was very sligth. There were more infections onPapaver rhoeas than on the other non-crucifers but fewer than on cabbage, which was heavily infected. On the basis of these results it is not thought that the occurrence of non-cruciferous hosts ofP. brassicae will generally be of great practical importance. 相似文献
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