不同日龄海兰种鸡血液生理指标的测定

[目的]研究不同日龄海兰种鸡血液生理指标的变化情况。[方法]采用计数板法、血涂片法、血液全自动分析仪测定法等,分别测定了11组不同日龄的海兰种鸡的18项血液生理指标：出血时间、凝血时间、红细胞沉降率、白细胞计数、白细胞分类（嗜中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞,淋巴细胞、单核细胞）、红细胞计数、红细胞压积容量、平均红细胞体积、红细胞平均分布宽度、血色素、平均红细胞血色素、平均细胞血色素浓度、血小板计数、平均血小板体积,然后对测定值进行组间Duncan比较,并对组间差异进行了统计学分析。[结果]在所测定的18项血液生理指标中,只有平均红细胞体积与平均血小板体积2项指标,各组之间差异不显著,其余各项测定指标。各组之间均差异显著或者差异极显著。[结论]海兰种鸡大多数血液生理指标随日龄不同而存在差异。     

Blood cells preserved in a mummy 2000 years old

Structures resembling red blood cells have been seen in mummies, but have been considered by some to be artifacts or molds. The finding of these structures, admixed with white blood cells, in the blood vessels of a mummified American Indian, confirms the original interpretation of preserved red blood cells.     

不同季节牛蛙血液的血红蛋白和葡萄糖含量

为研究牛蛙血液的红细胞及葡萄糖含量与牛蛙生活习性和繁殖习性的相关性,采用心脏取血法,对不同季节不同性别的性成熟牛蛙共240只(其中每个季节60只,雌雄各30只)进行了血液血红蛋白和血浆葡萄糖含量的测定.结果表明,牛蛙在春夏秋冬4个季节的血红蛋白含量分别为6.15 g/100 mL、5.17g/100 mL、6.53 g/100 mL和6.54 g/100 mL,其中夏季牛蛙血红蛋白含量明显偏低,而雌、雄蛙之间全年差异均不显著(P＞0.05).其春夏秋冬4个季节的血浆葡萄糖含量分别为2.38 mmol/L、0.79 mmol/L、1.74 mmol/L和2.88 mmol/L,季节差异显著,其中夏季含量最低,冬季达到最高,秋季血浆葡萄糖含量雌、雄蛙之间差异显著(P＜0.05).     

Deformation of red blood cells in capillaries

The shapes of red blood cells in capillary blood vessels are reinterpreted from observations of human red cells. The parachute or umbrella shape often observed is not an axisymmetric shape as formerly assumed, but is the basic biconcave disk shape of the red cell with the upstream end flattened by the pressure gradient.     

草原红牛转铁蛋白和后转铁蛋白多态性及其与生产性能相关性研究

[目的]探索草原红牛血液蛋白多态性与生产性能的相关关系。[方法]采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法检测了13头草原红牛和18头利×草杂交牛的转铁蛋白(Tf)和后转铁蛋白(Ptf)2个血液蛋白多态性位点。[结果]Tf和Ptf分别受3和2个等位基因控制。[结论]血液蛋白多态性位点与生产性能的方差分析表明,2个蛋白位点对草原红牛及其利木赞改良牛群体的某些性状存在正相关或负相关。     

草原红牛转铁蛋白和后转铁蛋白多态性及其与生产性能相关性研究(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between blood protein polymorphism of red steppe and its performance.[Method]Two blood protein polymorphic loci were detected in transferring(Tf)and posttremsferr(Ptf)from thirteen red steppes and eighteen hybrid of limousin and red steppe by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.[Result]Tf and Ptf were controlled by three and two alleles respectively.[Conclusion]The variance analysis of blood protein polymorphic loci and its performance indicates that two protein loci have a positive or negative correlation with some traits of red steppe and the improved limousin cattle population.     

Oxygen-hemoglobulin dissociation curves: effect of inherited enzyme defects of the red cell

The blood of a patient with a deficiency of hexokinase in the red cells and a decreased concentration of 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate in the red cells showed an increased affinity for oxygen, whereas a patient with a deficiency of pyruvate kinase and an elevated concentration of 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate in the red cells had blood with a decreased affinity for oxygen. Defects in red cell glycolysis may alter the oxygen affinity of blood by virtue of their effect on 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations in red cells.     

慢性镉暴露对小鼠血常规的影响

本试验探究了慢性镉暴露对小鼠血常规的影响。结果表明,与正常小鼠比较,镉中、高剂量组淋巴细胞值增高,中剂量组增高具有统计学意义(P0.05);高剂量组红细胞体积分布宽度与红细胞平均体积较正常组显著性降低(P0.05);高剂量镉暴露降低了血小板计数、血小板比容。因此,在长期低浓度镉暴露下,红细胞比容和淋巴细胞计数可有潜力成为镉毒性的早期预警指标,外周血淋巴细胞比其他血液指标更敏感。     

流式细胞仪检测CD55与CD59诊断阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症

目的 :探讨 CD55、CD59对阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症 (PNH)的临床诊断意义。方法 :应用流式细胞仪 (FCM)检测人体外周血红细胞、粒细胞、淋巴细胞的表面抗原 CD55、CD59的表达水平。结果 :PNH患者 CD55、CD59表面抗原在红细胞、粒细胞、淋巴细胞上均有不同程度的缺乏 ,尤以红细胞、粒细胞较明显。再生障碍性贫血患者的红细胞、粒细胞、淋巴细胞 CD55、CD59表面抗原标记阳性率与正常对照组比较差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5)。结论 :流式细胞仪检测 PNH患者外周血红细胞、粒细胞、淋巴细胞 CD55、CD59表面抗原具有重要的临床诊断意义。     

唇?成鱼脾和肾的解剖学与组织学特征

采用解剖、石蜡切片及HE染色技术研究了唇?脾脏、头肾及中肾的解剖学与组织学特征。结果显示,唇?脾脏单个,暗红色,呈扁平椭圆形,脾实质被起自被膜的结缔组织隔膜分隔成许多小叶,小叶内红髓与白髓界限不明显,含红细胞、淋巴细胞及黑色素巨噬细胞等,血管丰富。肾脏可明显的分为头肾和中肾。头肾位于体腔前端的心腹隔膜上方,分左右两叶,对称分布。头肾实质部分无肾单位,主要由淋巴组织构成,分红细胞聚集区和白细胞聚集区,内含丰富的红细胞、淋巴细胞、粒细胞及一定数量的黑色素巨噬细胞,在细胞组成上与脾脏有类似特征。中肾位于鱼体的胸腹段,紧贴体腔背部脊椎两侧,实质部分主要由肾单位、集合管及淋巴组织等构成;淋巴组织在细胞组成上与头肾有相似之处,含红细胞、淋巴细胞、粒细胞及黑色素巨噬细胞。研究结果表明,唇?脾脏、头肾是机体重要的免疫和造血器官,中肾除了泌尿功能外,在免疫及造血中也发挥重要作用。     

犬贫血性疾病输血疗法的疗效观察

输血疗法是救治动物的一项重要措施。为了验证输血疗法的作用,对数十例贫血病病犬进行输血疗法治疗,通过血常规检查、血液生化学检查等发现患犬均患有不同程度的贫血,红细胞数、血红蛋白含量、红细胞压积均明显低于正常值,在治疗原发病的同时配合了输血疗法。经过一段时间的治疗,发现应用输血疗法治疗的患犬痊愈快,患犬的红细胞数、血红蛋白含量、红细胞压积均逐渐升高接近正常值。由此可见,输血疗法对犬贫血病的治疗效果较好。     

犬免疫介导溶血性贫血的诊治

免疫介导溶血性贫血是一种与自身红细胞抗体有关的溶血性贫血。患犬高度贫血和溶血,死亡率高达40%以上,多为再生性贫血。可采取支持疗法,缓解贫血、脱水和继发并发症。同时结合药物治疗抑制免疫系统,使红细胞免受攻击并促使骨髓产生新的红细胞。     

Fluctuation tests with antibody-forming spleen cell populations

Shortly after immunization of mice, cells forming specific antibodies to one antigen, for example, sheep red blood cells, are nonrandomly distributed throughout the spleen. If the spleen donor has been immunized with two different antigens, for example, sheep red blood cells and chicken red blood cells, the nonrandom distribution of spleen cells forming antibody to one antigen differs significantly from that of cells forming antibody to the other antigen. These findings are in accord with a clonal distribution of antibody-forming cells.     

Tolerance to sheep red cells: breakage with thymocytes and horse red cells

Mice rendered tolerant to sheep red cells and then given normal thymocytes, made no antibody when immunized with these cells. When immunized with horse red blood cells, however, they made significant amounts of noncross-reacting antibody to sheep red blood cells. This suggests that antibody-making precursor cells (B cells) which are nontolerant but nonactivatable by specific antigen, may exist in tolerant hosts.     

A "D"-like antigen in rhesus red blood cells and in Rh-positive and Rh-negative red cells

A "D"-like antigen has been demonstrated in human and rhesus red cells. These red cells, as well as heat extracts of human blood (Rh-positive or Rh-negative), induce formation of "D"-like antibodies in guinea pigs. These antibodies, when exposed to rhesus red cells or to Rh-positive or Rh-negative red cells, yield eluates of "D"-like specificity.     

Hexokinase isoenzymes in human erythrocytes

The electrophoretic mobility of hexokinase from human erythrocytes and other tissues was studied with a new method that depends on the fluorescence of reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate for detecting enzyme activity on starch gel. The hexokinase of cord-blood erythrocytes has slightly different electrophoretic properties from that of adult red cells. Type I enzyme is split into type I(A) and type I(F); the latter is more intense in cord blood; in hemolyzates of adult blood, the activity of the two bands is usually about equal. No type II enzyme was found in cord blood. The double type I band was present in red cells from adult rabbits.     

龙井和珲春市牛附红细胞体感染情况调查

采用压滴镜检法和血涂片染色法，检测龙井和珲春地区牛附红细胞体感染情况．共检测21头牛，检出率为100％，比较2种方法，检测出的附红细胞体平均感染率分别为55．25％，58．52％，2个地区附红细胞体的平均感染率分别为66．58％，55．11％；采用压滴镜检法检测，表现临床症状的牛与不表现临床症状的牛的附红细胞体平均感染率比为56．22：29；放养牛与圈养牛的附红细胞体平均感染率比为59．72：8．     

海带岩藻黄素对小鼠脂质过氧化抑制作用的影响

用硫代巴比妥酸法测定小鼠肝组织及线粒体中丙二醛的含量,用分光光度法测定小鼠红细胞溶血和肝线粒体的肿胀程度,从而考察海带Laminaria japonica岩藻黄素对小鼠脂质体系的抗氧化能力。结果表明：岩藻黄素能在自发和诱导条件下抑制肝匀浆液及线粒体中丙二醛的产生,降低红细胞的溶血程度,并能减轻肝线粒体的肿胀程度,且其抑制作用均呈明显的剂量效应关系。这说明海带岩藻黄素具有明显的抗氧化作用。     

Relationship of blood type to histocompatibility in chickens

Evidence shows that the B blood group locus in chickens, which controls red cell antigens, is associated with tolerance of skin homografts. Three other blood group loci studied did not show this effect.     

“小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬实验”方法的改进与研究

连续3d给小鼠腹腔注射淀粉液,诱导并激活巨噬细胞,使用鱼红细胞为吞噬物,替代细胞实验教材所用的鸡红细胞、羊红细胞,探索和改进实验方法,以便更清晰、有效地观察小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对外来异物的吞噬作用。取鼠腹腔液制备涂片并固定,用Giemsa染色法进行染色,显微观察巨噬细胞对鱼红细胞的吞噬作用。结果显示,采用鱼红细胞作为吞噬物,细胞染色清晰,吞噬结果明显,可清晰显示大量吞噬鱼红细胞的巨噬细胞,吞噬百分率高,便于实验观察和计数,有助于学生对巨噬细胞吞噬作用的理解和掌握。