Characterization of Citrus tristeza virus Isolates by Indicators and Molecular Biology Methods

Citrus tristeza virus （CTV） exists in citrus as a large number of distinct strains differing in biological characters. The control strategies such as mild strains cross protection （MSCP） require a clear understanding of the characterization of CTV. For better understanding of the structure of CTV population and the relationship between molecular and biological characterization, 72 CTV samples collected from five provinces in China were studied, using biological indexing, p25/Hinf I restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP）, multiple molecular markers, and bidirectional RT-PCR assay. The mixture of severe stem pitting isolates was found to be dominant in the field. CTV isolates with p25/Hinf Ⅰ RFLP group 3 and p23/BD-PCR group Ⅰ, Ⅲ were the main cause of epidemics, and most CTV isolates were found to be the mixture of T30 and VT genotypes. More accurate identification of strain mixtures in the field and better understanding of the biological traits of the isolates may be achieved by applying the three molecular detection methods simultaneously.     

Genetic Evolution Analysis on Wild Isolates of Citrus Tristeza Virus Originated in China Based on Coat Protein Genes Sequences

The coat protein （CP） genes were cloned and sequenced from viral particles of 11 isolates of citrus tristeza virus （CTV） collected from wild citrus plants in China and 4 Chinese isolates from cultivated sweet orange and pummelo varieties, respectively. By analyzing and comparing the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of CP genes, the 11 wild CTV isolates were found over 92% identical with 4 Chinese CTV isolates and 21 exotic CTV isolates from cultivated citrus. From 91 to 100% of the CTV CP gene sequences in wild type citrus plants were generally well conserved. Genetic evolution analysis indicated that the GC% of the CP gene was less than AT%, and more transition were found in the CP genes than transversion with the transition/transversion ratio ranging from 6.3 to 7.0 among species. The substitution frequency was the highest at the third codon, followed by the first and second codon. The ratio of non-synonymous mutations （du） to synonymous mutations （ds） was far lower than 1, suggesting that the CP gene might have experienced purifying selection in the evolution. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 11 CTV isolates in Chinese wild type citrus belonged to different phylogenetic clusters, and shared higher homology and closer relationships with other cultivated citrus CTV isolates from different countries, which indicated complicated genetic relationships among the CTV isolates. In addition, CTV isolates with similar biological characteristics usually located into the same clusters. Therefore, the conclusion was drawn that pathogenicity was critical to evolution and origin of CTV.     

Phylogenetic Analysis of Citrus tristeza virus Isolates of Wild Type Citrus in China

The genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships of Citrus tristeza virus （CTV） isolates collected from Chinese wild type citrus were analyzed by comparing the sequences of nine genomic regions （p23, p20, p13, p18, p25, p27, POL, HEL and k17） with the CTV isolates of cultivated citrus from different countries. The results showed that the divergence pattern of genomic RNA of the CTV isolates from wild type citrus was similar to that of other isolates from cultivated citrus, the 3′ proximal region was relatively conserved, and the 5′ proximal region had greater variability. The nine genomic regions of CTV isolates analyzed were found to have been under purifying selection in the evolution process. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the eleven Chinese wild CTV isolates were located at different clades and did not relfect their geographical origins, suggesting genetic diversity among the Chinese wild CTV populations. These results will aid in the understanding of molecular evolution of the Chinese CTV populations.     

A Seroprevalence Survey of Maedi-Visna Among Twenty-Four Ovine Floks from Twelve Regions of China

Maedi-visna virus（MVV） is an ovine lentivirus that is widespread in many countries worldwide.Both clinical and subclinical MVV infections cause substantial economic losses.MVV infection in live sheep is usually diagnosed serologically,with antibody-positive sheep being regarded as infected.There have been few reports of maedi-visna in China,with no detailed epidemic analysis of MVV infection in ovine herds.In order to investigate the seroprevalence and spatial distribution of maedi-visna among ovine flocks in China,a total of 672 serum samples were collected from different ovine flocks in 12 regions（provinces,autonomous regions or municipalities） of China in 2011,and serum antibody levels were determined using a commercial ELISA Kit.This study represents the first investigation of the seroepidemiology of maedi-visna in China,indicating a circulation of MMV among sheep.     

A Classification of 45 Maize Inbred Lines Used in China with RFLP Markers

The classification of heterotic groups is essential to maize breeding because knowledge of heterotic groups could be interest to both the combination of outstanding hybrids and the improvement of elite inbred lines. RFLP has provided a powerful tool to assign maize inbred lines into heterotic groups. In this investigation, 45 inbred lines, used widely in south and southwest China, were chosen for RFLP analysis,among which 4 lines came from American, representing different heterotic groups in U.S. corn belt. 54 RFLP core markers covering 10 chromosomes of maize were used. A total DNA of each sample was digested with EcoR I, BamH Ⅰ and Hind Ⅲ . The procedure of RFLP was employed as described by a manual from maize RFLP lab at University of Missouri, Columbia. A total of 860 bands were detected among 45 inbred lines based on RFLP analysis, which were involved in 212 loci. Alleles at each locus ranged from 2 to 9 with an average of 4.06. In total, The 45 inbred lines were classified into 6 heterotic groups according to RFLP data with Ward‘s method. 3 heterotic groups, including Mo17, B73 and Oh43 respectively, seemed to be the same to U. S. heterotic groups. 21 inbred lines, most of which derived from Chinese local germplasm, were classified together into two heterotic groups, indicating domistic germplasm was different from U. S.germplasm at the molecular level and played an important role in maize hybrid production in China. Two inbred lines from tropic germplasm were assigned in the same group. These results provided useful information for our understanding maize heterotic groups and heterotic patterns in China.     

Genetic Diversity of Chinese Soybean mosaic virus Strains and Their Relationships with Other Plant Potyviruses Based on P3 Gene Sequences

Soybean mosaic virus （SMV）, a member of the genus Potyvirus, is a major pathogen of soybean plants in China, and 16 SMV strains have been identified nationwide based on a former detailed SMV classification system. As the P3 gene is thought to be involved in viral replication, systemic infection, pathogenicity, and overcoming resistance, knowledge of the P3 gene sequences of SMV and other potyviruses would be useful in efforts to know the genetic relationships among them and control the disease. P3 gene sequences were obtained from representative isolates of the above-mentioned 16 SMV strains and were compared with other SMV strains and 16 Potyvirus species from the National Center for Biotechnology GenBank database. The P3 genes from the 16 SMV isolates are composed of 1041 nucleotides, encoding 347 amino acids, and share 90.7-100% nucleotide （NT） sequence identities and 95.1-100% amino acid （AA） sequence identities. The P3 coding regions of the 16 SMV isolates share high identities （92.4-98.9% NT and 96.0-100% AA） with the reported Korean isolates, followed by the USA isolates （88.5-97.9% NT and 91.4-98.6% AA）, and share low identities （80.5-85.2% NT and 82.1-84.7% AA） with the reported HZ 1 and P isolates from Pinellia ternata. The sequence identities of the P3 genes between SMV and the 16 potyviruses varied from 44.4 to 81.9% in the NT sequences and from 21.4 to 85.3% in the AA sequences, respectively. Among them, SMV was closely related to Watermelon mosaic virus （WMV）, with 76.0-81.9% NT and 77.5-85.3% AA identities. In addition, the SMV isolates and potyvirus species were clustered into six distinct groups. All the SMV strains isolated from soybean were clustered in Group I, and the remaining species were clustered in other groups. A multiple sequence alignment analysis of the C-terminal regions indicated that the P3 genes within a species were highly conserved, whereas those among species were relatively variable.     

Molecular Typing of Aeromonas hydrophila Isolated from Common Carp in Northeast China

A total of 59 isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila were collected from common carp suffering from freshwater fish hemorrhage disease in 13 fishing grounds in the northeast China, and their phenotypic and genetic characteristics were investigated. All of the isolates were identified as A. hydrophila by traditional biochemical method and yielded a 686-bp DNA fragment of the 16S rDNA gene in the PCR experiments. Collected strains were also evaluated for their susceptibility to 17 different antibiotics. The isolates showed an even trend of the resistance and sensitivity to drugs, highly sensitive to antibiotics, such as Levofloxacin, PolymyxinB, Ofloxacin and resistant to antibiotics, such as Bristopen, Lincomycin, Ampicillin, Teicoplanin. Evaluation of genetic diversity was performed on all isolates by molecular typing with enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC-PCR) method. The results showed that three different types, i.e. type Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and type Ⅲ, were found in 59 isolates and type III accounted for a large proportion of 54.84%. There was no dominant difference between the tendency of the isolates of Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province in these three types, which showed Ⅲ>Ⅰ>Ⅱ, while the isolates of Liaoning Province showed Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ. The percentage of different types in different provinces varied in each other; however, they didn’t show any obvious regional or cluster-specific branches. In conclusion, the ability to distinguish Aeromonas hydrophila strains from diseased common carp with ERIC-PCR would be useful for epidemiological investigation and population genetic analysis of this pathogen in China.     

Identification and Preliminary Analysis of the Genetic Diversity of Cenococcum geophilum Fr.

To identify Cenococcum geophilum Fr., estimate their genetic diversity and study the effects on their genetic variation, 27 Chinese C. geophilum isolates from 6 host plant species and 5 French C. geophilum isolates were analyzed using morphological and molecular methods. The universal primers ITS1/ITS4 were used in PCR-RFLP to amplify the rDNA internal transcribed spacer （ITS） of tested C. geophilum isolates. The amplified products were digested with EcoR Ⅰ, Hinf Ⅰ, and Mbo Ⅰ, and the digested fragments of PCR products showed that there were obvious differences. A random primer （5′-CGCACCGCAC-3′） was employed in RAPD to amplify the genomic DNA of C. geophilum, and 19 detectable and reliable DNA bands of 300-2000 bp size were observed. According to the number, position, and strength of the DNA bands in agarose gel, the genetic distance and the genetic similarity among C. geophilum isolates were calculated using the PopGen Ver. 1.31 dendrogram analysis software. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the genetic distance by the Neighbor-Joining/UPGMA in PHYLIP. The results suggest the high level of genetic diversity among C. geophilum isolates from the same or different hosts. The effects of geographical factors or host plant species on C. geophilum genetic variation are not obvious.     

Survey for viruses-particularly begomoviruses-infecting pepper crops in China.

Viruses are considered the most important constraint to hot and sweet pepper （Capsicum sp.） production in China, from which nine viruses have been reported （Wang X.P. et al., 2002）. However, so far no information has been available about the presence of begomoviruses in peppers. From 1999 to 2005, 762 leaf tissue samples were collected from farmers＇ fields in 13 provinces, namely Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong and Guizhou in the south, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi and Henan in the central region, and Hebei and Heilongjiang in the north, and showed typical virus symptoms such as mottling, mosaic, yellowing and leaf deformations including leafcurling. Polymerase chain reaction with the degenerate primer pair PAL1 v 1978/PARlc 715 （M.R.Rojas et al., 1993） was used to test DNA extracts for the presence of begomoviruses. Leaf homogenates were tested by DAS-ELISA for the presence of other common chilli-infecting viruses such as Cucumber mosaic virus （CMV）, Chilli veinal mottle virus （ChiVMV）, Potato virus Y （PVY）, Tomato mosaic virus （ToMV）, Pepper mild mottle virus （PMMV） and Pepper veinal mottle virus （PVMV）, the latter reportedly known to occur throughout Africa （Dafalla G.A., 2003）.     

Comparative Research on Serogroups Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolates from Poultry in Different Areas of China

A total of 241 Escherichia coli （E. coli） isolates from 349 avian samples （292 from cloacae, 29 from feed and water, 28 from dust and padding） were collected from Northeast, South, North, and Central China in recent years. The percentage of isolation was 69.1%. There are 67 serogroups each with 1-2 isolates distributed in different regions, and some of these regions had the preponderant serogroups. Antimicrobial-resistance （AR） of E. coli was so severe that the majority were multi-AR. Fifty percent strains were resistant to 10-19 antimicrobial drugs. Overall, the isolates represented resistance to nalidixic acid （88.1%）, tetracycline （85.7%）, sulfamethoxazole （81.0%）, trimethoprim-sulfamethpxazole （77.1%）, ampicillin （76.2%）, amoxilline （74.3%）, streplomycin （66.2%）, fluoroquinolones （57.1-66.7%）, chloramphenicol （52.9%）, gentamicin （39.0%）, and kanamycin （36.2%）. The isolates were sensitive to cefalexin, amoxilline-clavulanic acid, amikacin, and florfenicol with an AR rate of 0-19,5% only, The results showed that the AR was more severe in chicken farms in which the antibiotics were used broadly and repeatedly. This study indicated the AR characterization of E, coli in different areas of China. It will be a foundation for studying AR mechanism and regulating the usage of antimicrobial in the poultry industry.     

Preliminary Studies on CPG/Hinf Ⅰ RFLP Groups of Citrus tristeza virus Infected Sweet Oranges in China

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) causes economically important losses to the citrus industry worldwide. Mild strain cross protection (MSCP) against tristeza has hardly been practised due to mixed infection of different CTV-strains and little background of its molecular biology in China. For better cognition on CTV, 192 sweet orange samples collected from eight provinces (Chongqing, Sichuan, Fujian, Hunan, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guangdong and Jiangxi) were tested by direct tissue blot immuno-assay (DTBIA), and 158 of them were tested positively, which therefore were subjected to coat protein gene (CPG)/Hinf Ⅰ restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Sample bulks were compared between Chongqing and Fujian by some statistical data, including ratios of single infection and mixed infection to local samples, proportions of CTV isolates with single RFLP groups, and rates of each RFLP group. The simplified analysis of samples from the other six provinces were then conducted. This study suggests that CTV isolates with CPG/Hinf Ⅰ RFLP groups Ⅲ and Ⅰ are the main epidemic ones in China, and mixed infection of CTV in fields are popular. Based on observation of severity of stem-pitting symptom in field trees, CTV isolates with CPG/Hinf Ⅰ RFLP groups Ⅲ and Ⅰ caused severe stem-pittings in sweet oranges in China.     

中国野生柑橘上衰退病毒分离株分子特征分析

 【目的】了解中国野生柑橘上携带柑橘衰退病毒（CTV）分离株的CP/HinfⅠRFLP组群构成和分子特征。【方法】运用RT-PCR对采自中国云南、广西、四川、湖南、江西等省11个野生柑橘上CTV分离株的病毒衣壳蛋白基因(CPG)进行扩增，利用RFLP和SSCP对CPG进行分析，并将测定的CPG序列进行同源性比较和聚类分析。【结果】发现野生柑橘上11个CTV分离株以单一组群感染为主；这些CTV分离株CPG的核苷酸序列和相应的氨基酸序列同源性分别为92.5％～99.5％和95.0％～100％；与GenBank收录的9个全基因组CTV分离株的相应基因序列进行聚类分析，其核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列同源性分别为92.1％～98.8％和94.6％～100％。【结论】序列同源性比较说明CTV CPG具有高度保守性，同时系统进化分析表明收集到的野生CTV分离株与国外分离株分属5大类群，具有较复杂的亲缘关系。     

来自安徽不同地区黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒（CGMMV）cp 基因的分子进化分析

为了揭示黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV)安徽分离物分子变异及系统进化情况,从安徽省5个地区采集感染CGMMV的葫芦科样本。提取感病样本总RNA,经RT-PCR扩增、克隆和测序,获得17个CGMMV分离物的cp基因序列。序列比对发现,17个CGMMV安徽分离物的cp基因核苷酸序列相似性极高,达98.4%~100%,与中国及东亚国家和地区的各个CGMMV分离物cp基因核苷酸序列相似性也非常高,达98.6%~100%,而与CGMMV西班牙分离物和俄罗斯分离物cp基因核苷酸序列相似性相对较低,为90.7%~92.6%。从构建的系统关系树可以看出,17个CGMMV安徽分离物与中国及东亚国家和地区的各个CGMMV分离物形成1个单独的分支,而CGMMV俄罗斯与西班牙分离物聚成另1个分支,说明来源于中国和东亚的CGMMV亲缘关系较近。     

甜橙和柚中CTV强弱毒株系p20的遗传变异

【目的】对7个柑橘衰退病毒(CTV)株系进行遗传变异研究,明确寄主甜橙和柚中CTV强弱毒株系p20的变异水平。【方法】运用RT-PCR、克隆及测序等技术建立CTV p20种群,并借助MEGA6构建单倍型系统发育树,运用软件DNAStar对两种寄主中CTV强弱毒种群的遗传结构、变异水平进行分析,运用DnaSP软件对各种群进行单倍型多样性、核苷酸多样性分析和中性检验分析。【结果】构建了7个CTV p20种群,由162条序列构成,包含11个单倍型,单个种群有1个或更多单倍型出现。序列分析发现,来自不同种群的单倍型对应的原始核苷酸序列一致性为88.2%—100.0%,对应的氨基酸序列的一致性为92.3%—100.0%,最低的氨基酸序列一致性发生在CT23-1和CT9-2之间;其中单倍型PeraIAC-4、CT22和CT9-1共有50条序列,对应的原始核苷酸序列一致性为100.0%,属优势单倍型,与标准株系T36亲缘关系较近;单倍型多样性最丰富的是甜橙种群PeraIAC,单倍型多样性为0.800,而单倍型多样性最低的是柚种群CT22,单倍型多样性为0.170;相比柚种群的单倍型多样性(0.170—0.552)和核苷酸多样性(0.00032—0.05919),甜橙种群具有更为丰富的单倍型多样性(0.513—0.800)和核苷酸多样性(0.04208—0.05677)。系统发育树分析表明,来自甜橙的分离株种群结构复杂,甜橙种群中检测到的单倍型与标准株系T30、T36、VT和T3均有相关性;与标准株系T3相距很近的CT31-2与优势单倍型在系统发育树上距离最远,对应的原始核苷酸序列一致性仅为88.3%。中性检验结果表明,CTV甜橙种群趋于平衡或收缩状态,而CTV柚种群除CT23外则趋于扩张状态;其中TR-514Y、CT31和CT23种群的Tajima’s D值、Fu和Li’s D*值以及Fu和Li’s F*值均为正值且达到显著水平,而CT9种群的Tajima’s D值、Fu和Li’s D*值以及Fu和Li’s F*值均为负值且达到显著水平。运用DnaSP软件对各种群进行重组分析表明,在各种群中均未检测到重组事件发生。种群变异分析发现,各种群突变克隆百分比在0—30.8%,碱基突变频率在0—7.706×10~(-4),其中CTV甜橙强毒种群有最高的突变克隆百分比(30.8%),最高的碱基突变频率(7.706×10~(-4)),最多的碱基突变数量(11个)和最多的突变位点(7个);CTV甜橙弱毒种群的突变克隆百分比和碱基突变频率均明显低于甜橙强毒种群,CTV柚弱毒种群的突变克隆百分比和碱基突变频率略低于柚强毒种群。碱基突变类型分析发现碱基突变以碱基替代为主,其中A→G突变为优势类型,仅在柚强毒种群CT3的156和157位点间检测到一个碱基插入突变类型,为碱基A插入,未检测到碱基缺失突变类型。【结论】在寄主甜橙和柚中CTV强弱毒p20种群结构及变异存在差异,CTV甜橙种群有着更复杂的种群结构和更高的种群变异水平,且CTV强毒种群变异更大。     

四川安岳柑橘衰退病病原鉴定及序列分析

[目的]探明引起四川安岳柑橘衰退病的病原。[方法]利用RT-PCR、克隆、测序等技术对四川安岳地区的柑橘类果树进行柑橘衰退病毒(CTV)检测,并对其外壳蛋白(CP)全序列进行了分析。[结果]81个疑似CTV侵染的样品中共有18个检测呈阳性,检出率为22.2%,表明安岳地区柑橘类果树衰退病由CTV引起。基于CP全序列同源性比较及进化分析表明,危害该地区柑橘类果树的CTV分属5个组群,亲缘关系较复杂。[结论]为安岳地区CTV的防控与防治提供了理论依据。     

重庆巫山地区采食玉米的草地贪夜蛾肠道细菌的分离鉴定补遗

为充分认识入侵重庆地区草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)肠道所携带的细菌组成,以采集自巫山地区玉米地的草地贪夜蛾为材料,在课题组前期研究基础上进一步分离培养并通过16S rDNA测序鉴定了3个未报道的分离株,分别归为短波单胞菌属(Brevundimonas)、金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium)以及肠球菌属(Enterococcus).结论进一步丰富了入侵重庆巫山地区草地贪夜蛾肠道优势细菌的种类,为后续研究草地贪夜蛾肠道微生物对宿主的生长发育以及迁飞等重要问题奠定了基础.     

土壤中棒束孢菌的生物多样性及对黄曲条跳甲的活性

目的 调查国内部分地区不同土壤中棒束孢属Isaria真菌的多样性分布,测定其对黄曲条跳甲Phyllotreta striolata的生物活性,促进棒束孢菌对黄曲条跳甲的生防应用。方法 从福建、广东、广西、云南、贵州、湖南、湖北、河南、河北等地的不同生境中采集土壤样品,通过选择培养基分离纯化棒束孢菌株,根据形态学和分子标记鉴定菌种,采用多样性指数与优势度指数评价生物多样性;采用浸虫法测定棒束孢菌株对黄曲条跳甲成虫的生物活性。结果 从200余份土壤样品中分离得到棒束孢属真菌41株,优势菌种是爪哇棒束孢Isaria javanica,有34株,优势度指数为0.829;玫烟色棒束孢I. fumosorosea有5株,粉棒束孢I. farinosa和环链棒束孢I. cateniannulate各1株。林地物种丰富度最高,多样性指数为1.121,休耕地、果园、耕地和草地的多样性指数范围为0~0.349;林地种间分配最均匀,优势度指数为0.468,休耕地、果园、耕地和草地的优势度指数范围为0~0.159。生测结果表明,大部分供试的棒束孢菌株对黄曲条跳甲都有一定活性,玫烟色棒束孢IfH6102菌株对黄曲条跳甲的活性最高,在处理黄曲条跳甲成虫11 d后,其校正死亡率达60.89%。结论 棒束孢菌在我国土壤中分布广泛,林地生境中的物种多样性最丰富,棒束孢菌具有防治黄曲条跳甲的应用潜力。     

藏猪生长激素（pGH）基因多态性研究

猪生长激素（pGH）是猪生长发育性状重要的候选基因之一。采用PCR RFLP技术检测藏猪pGH基因+159～+734 bp片段的Dra I、Apa I和Msp I酶切多态性。结果显示,藏猪群体中Dra I酶切全部切开,无多态;Apa I酶切具有4个等位基因,出现5种基因型,其中CC基因型（299A/432C）频率最高,为0.7857;藏猪群体Msp I酶切出现3种基因型,杂合性CT基因型频率最高,为0.5089,等位基因C和T频率分别为0.5580和0.4420。经比较,藏猪pGH基因Dra I酶切位点与其他猪种一样无多态性,而Apa I酶切出现了特异的432突变位点,Msp I酶切等位基因分布相对均衡,表现出与其他猪种的差异。     

重庆地区草地贪夜蛾肠道细菌的分离鉴定

为了解入侵重庆地区草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)肠道所携带的细菌组成,以采集自巫溪、巫山地区玉米地里的草地贪夜蛾为材料,运用传统培养方法分离了其肠道优势细菌,并基于16S rDNA测序开展了优势菌的属水平鉴定,共获得了30个细菌分离株,经16S rDNA序列同源性分析,可归于5个属,分别为克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)以及气单胞菌属(Aeromonas);其中,克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)的丰度最高,占所有分离菌株的63%;假单胞属(Pseudomonas)和肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)菌株仅在巫山地区分离得到,气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)仅在巫溪地区分离得到.实验确定了入侵重庆地区草地贪夜蛾肠道优势细菌的种类及丰度,为后续研究草地贪夜蛾肠道微生物对宿主的生长发育以及迁飞等重要问题奠定了基础.