Multi-dot Synthetic Full-parallax Hologram

The synthetic holography is combined with the digital processing technology of the computer; full-parallax intensity information of a three-dimensional object has been obtained and encoded accurately and effectively by the computer. The encoded information from different visible units of the object is recorded with single-wavelength laser successively on the different dot area of one holographic film. When the obtained film is illuminated by a common lamp, the different intensity information of two view-angles is displayed in each eye, so the stereoscopic image can be obtained. When the line of sight change horizontally or vertically in observation area, the full-parallax reconstructed image will be observed.     

不同光质条件下初烤烟叶物理特性的差异研究

为明确不同光质条件对初烤烟叶物理特性的影响,采用红色、黄色、绿色、蓝色、白色等不同颜色滤光膜创造不同光质条件,以‘K326’为供试材料,研究了不同光质条件下初烤烟叶物理特性的差异。结果表明：（1）覆盖不同颜色滤光膜可明显改变太阳光谱中可见光不同波段的组成比例。（2）同对照相比,覆盖白色薄膜可明显提高烟叶叶面积、单叶重、叶面密度和平衡含水率等,同时降低其含梗率;增加绿光和蓝光比例有利于烟草叶片厚度、拉力、叶面密度和平衡含水率的增加,显著减少叶面积、单叶重、含梗率和填充值等物理特性;增加红光比例则可以降低中上部烟叶的厚度、叶面积、单叶重、含梗率、叶面密度和平衡含水率等。因此,在烟叶生产中可采用覆盖白色透明薄膜来提高优质烟叶水平。     

静态顶空气相色谱法测定蜜柚中乙醇和乙醛含量

研究与优化了静态顶空气相色谱法测定蜜柚中乙醇和乙醛含量的色谱条件,其最佳平衡温度为80℃,平衡时间为45min,乙醇和乙醛的平均回收率分别为103.29%和95.58%;应用该方法研究了不同膜包装的蜜柚果实冷藏期间乙醇含量的变化情况,结果表明,用不同厚度的聚乙烯膜包装,随膜厚度的增加,蜜柚果实乙醇含量明显升高,对果肉风味的影响加大,以微孔膜包装的蜜柚果实贮藏效果最好,可保持其良好的风味品质。     

Influence of Edge Polarization Upon the Excitons in Different Thickness and Different Thin Films

The authors discusss exciton energies in a thin film with d thickness and influence of the edge polarization upon the excitons.The polarization is described as interaction between electron(hole) and its image charge.It is found that the interaction decreases the exciton energies to some extent and the influence of the interaction upon the films possessing different dielectric constants and with different thickness are different.     

A New Type of Solar Cell-CdS/CdTe for Applications in Refrigeration

CdS/CdTe polycrystalline thin film is a new type of high efficiency and low-cost solar cells, which is most promising for application in refrigeration, because it has many advantages such as few crystalline defects, large gap of energy, high stability, inexpensive and convenient for large area deposition. On the other hand, it is useful for environmental protection. The properties of CdS/CdTe thin film solar cell are revieweol and the development of the cell is presented. We have also described some large-area processing with low fabrication cost.     

Optical coherence tomography as a novel tool for non-destructive measurement of the hull thickness of lupin seeds

Hull thickness is an important component of seed quality, which effects dehulling ability, feed or food nutritional aspects and cooking times. A breeding objective in Lupinus angustifolius crop improvement is to reduce hull thickness and a rapid screening method is needed to efficiently screen genotypes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging using infrared illumination at 980 nm was used to compare hull thickness of genotypes of four lupin species. OCT‐derived hull layer thickness correlated highly with actual hull thickness determined by environmental scanning electron microscopy (r = 0.90) and allowed reliable distinction between mutant (thin‐hulled) and parent genotypes of L. angustifolius. The imaging could clearly penetrate lupin seed to a depth of approximately 200 μm. The use of OCT to measure hull thickness has the advantage that it is rapid and non‐destructive and should be very useful in selecting thin hull lines of lupins and other species on a single seed basis in germplasm or progeny from crosses.     

Analyses of Interlayer Stresses and Strain Transfer in Smart Laminated Structures

A new model is proposed to analyze the strain/stress transfer relation between host materials and piezoceramic sensors/actuators under bending and axial stress loading. The finite thickness of the adhesive is taken into account. The physical layers of the piezoceramic, adhesive and structure material are further subdivided into thinner layers as fine as necessary in order to improve the accuracy of stress analysis. In each thin layer the in-plane stresses are assumed to vary linearly across the thickness. By satisfying equilibrium equations, constitutive equations and displacement-strain relations, all components of stress, strain and displacement can be expressed as functions of the in-plane forces and the moments of the thin layers. The differential equations governing the in-plane forces and the moments are obtained. Then, this analytical model is used to predict strain transfer from the structure material to the sensor. It is found, both experimentally and theoretically, that the axial strain of the host material is considerably larger than the strain of the sensor, which is directly related to the output voltage. By introducing the so-called strain transfer factor, a relationship between the output voltage of the sensor and the strain of the measured material is derived. The model is used to predict interlayer stress distributions and strain transfer, which are induced by actuator strain. The result was compared with existing experiments and FEM. There is stress concentration between the actuator and adhesive around the edge of the smart structures, which may cause debonding under high stress loading.     

Analysis on Micro-structure of TiN Thin Film and Polyimide with AFM

The study in molecular morphology is given with a highresolution Atomic Force Microscope AFM.IPC-208B.By taking TiN thim film prepared by magnerton sputtering method and polymide(PI) fibre for examples,the preferenthal growing plme of TiN thin film,the atomic arranges of TiN thin film on the preferential growing plme and the surficial micro-structure can be ascertained form the three-dimensional images obtamed by AFM.IPC-208B.These experiments not only identify small structures of the materials,but also affirm that AFM.IPC-208B holds the precision of atomic level and potential application in micro-structure field,at the same time it establishs the groundwork for the application in micro-process kingdom.     

Research on Electrochemically Controlled Release of Antineoplastic Agent Ftorafur

The electrochemically controlled release of Ftorafur(FT 207) from the polypyrrole film on platinum electrode is studied.The result shows that the binding and release of FT 207 depends on the electrochemical redox process of the PPy film.The release amount of FT 207,which can reach 10 -5 mol/L,is proportional to the cathodic charge and thickness of the PPy film.     

山西省典型地区农用地膜利用现状及残膜污染调查分析

为阐明山西省目前的地膜利用和残膜污染现状,采用问卷调查和样方检测方法,对山西省各市县进行地膜问题的相关统计分析,同时对寿阳大田中的铺膜情况进行实时观测。结果表明:目前全省使用的地膜厚度大多在0.008 mm以下;全省90%以上都使用普通地膜,可降解类地膜很少;地膜覆盖面积居前三位作物分别是:蔬菜、玉米、马铃薯,南部盆地内有部分覆盖冬小麦;地膜使用量最多的市级单位是大同、忻州、临汾;地膜回收率极低,且大都是搁置路头、填埋、焚烧或者直接翻入土壤,残膜在土壤里越来越多,主要集中在0~20 cm土层,若一直沿用目前的地膜覆盖方式,不重视对残膜的回收,很快就会超过国家农田残膜限制标准,抑制作物的生长发育,进而影响产量和质量。本次调研统计分析可为山西省残膜防治提供参考。     

Study of Silane Film for Metallic Surface Resisting Corr

Silane agent is applied directly for metallic surface corrosion resisting, which can replace phorsphating technique.SA film is prepared under the optimal processing conditions, and reflective FTIR spectroscopy is used to analyse component and structure of SA film. Film thickness is detected by elliptical spectroscopy method, and results of electrochemical corrosion processing detecting and CuSO 4 solution point corrosion experiment are used to verify corrosion resistance of SA film.     

Analysis of elastohydrodynamic lubrication of steel planar wormgear drive

Based on study of elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHD) and meshing theory of planar worm gear drive, EHD model for the drive is proposed. Minimum film thickness on the whole contact area is calculated. EHD status for the drive is analyzed. The distributions of film thickness show that, EHD status during entry engagement is better than that during exit engagement, and EHD status of worm addendum area is better than that of dedendum area. Influencing factors such as work conditions and optimized parameters along with their effects were analyzed. Theoretical analysis suggests that the optimizing pressure angle and increasing worm pitch diameter have influence on improving lubricant performance of the planar worm gear drive.     

黑色地膜对甘薯生理特性及产量的影响

为探讨更为有效的甘薯覆膜栽培模式。采用田间试验与人工观测相结合的方法,研究不同覆膜栽培模式的生理特性和对产量的影响。结果表明：黑色地膜模式垄内10cm土壤温度平均比透明膜低2℃,比不覆盖地膜高1℃;薯块产量比透明膜高18.0%,比不覆盖地膜高20.4%。黑色地膜模式具有地温适宜、茎叶生长协调、叶面积系数合理、地上下部养分分配合理、净同化率较高的优点,这是最终薯块产量较高的原因。且不用喷洒除草剂,无污染,省工省劲。覆盖黑色地膜将成为栽培甘薯的新模式。     

杏鲍菇冷链综合保鲜技术应用

介绍了我国杏鲍菇工厂化栽培现状、销售方式及存在的问题,综述了真空预冷、防雾薄膜、纳米保鲜薄膜、减压贮藏等技术在杏鲍菇保鲜上的应用,构建了杏鲍菇综合协同保鲜成套技术,以期为杏鲍菇贮藏保鲜提供一定的技术支持。     

不同材料覆盖的土壤水温效应及对玉米生长的影响

在渭北旱塬区采用随机区组试验,对比研究了生物降解膜(S)、塑料地膜(D)、秸秆(J)、液态膜(Y)覆盖和裸地平作种植玉米的土壤水温效应及玉米生长状况。结果表明,玉米进入抽雄期和灌浆期后,不同覆盖材料间土壤水分出现较大差异,40~160 cm J覆盖土壤平均含水量显著(P<0.05)高于对照和其他覆盖;S和D覆盖对较深土层(60~120 cm)的水分利用加强。J覆盖保墒效果好于其他处理,玉米生长前期主要提高0~100 cm土壤含水量,后期提高100~200 cm土壤含水量;S和D覆盖的保墒效果主要表现在玉米营养生长阶段的浅层土壤。玉米营养生长阶段5~25 cm平均地温,S和D覆盖分别提高1.4°C和2.6°C,J和Y覆盖分别降低3.0°C和0.8°C。S和D覆盖水温协同,延长了玉米营养生长时间,使玉米全生育期提前11 d,J覆盖由于降低地温使全生育期延长3 d,液态膜不影响生育进程。S和D覆盖显著(P<0.05)提高了玉米穗长、穗粗和行粒数及地上部干重,Y覆盖显著(P<0.05)增加玉米的百粒重,J覆盖显著(P<0.05)降低了玉米穗长、行粒数和百粒重。4种覆盖均不同程度降低了玉米的经济系数,S、D和Y覆盖玉米分别增产26.9%(P<0.05)、34.7%(P<0.05)和2.4%,J覆盖造成玉米减产10.5%。     

包装方式对郎枣和梨枣失重及贮藏效果的影响

以郎枣和梨枣为试材,对打孔膜、针孔膜、硅窗袋和微孔膜4种不同包装方式下枣果的失重及保鲜效果进行了研究.结果表明,塑料薄膜厚度、通气面积、通气孔数量是影响枣果失重的主要因素.在相同条件下,包装材料的厚度与枣果失重成反比,在4种包装方式中硅窗袋包装枣果的失重率最小,其次为微孔膜包装,打孔膜和针孔膜包装失重相对较大.硅窗袋和微孔膜包装袋内CO2含量较高,好果率也较高,两种包装方式是枣果贮藏比较适宜的包装方式.     

Preparation of Electrochromic and Transparent Film of Polyaniline

The preparation method of transparent film of electrochromism polyaniline on the glass supporter is studied by a dipping polymerization. The electric and optic properities of the resulting film are measured as a function of oxidant,dopant,reaction time and temperature.The optimum technology term is obtained in the normal atmospheric temperature.The experimental result is testified by fuzzy set theory.     

四川省10年来小麦育种的产量变化

为了研究近年来四川省小麦育种工作在产量和产量性状上的改良效果,分析了1996-2005年的四川省小麦新品种区域试验资料。通过对每年度试验的平均产量及产量性状、对照在每年度的平均产量及产量性状和在每年度试验中达到续试或审定标准的参试品系的平均产量及产量性状三类数据的对比分析．认为10年间,四川小麦产量增长缓慢,整个产量育种还处于平台期,有效穗数缓慢增长,穗粒数基本稳定．千粒重在40-45g之间波动,株高维持在86-90cm之间。提出今后四川省小麦产量育种应当注意增加穗数和增加千粒重两个方面,建立新的平衡,实现四川小麦产量的进一步提高。     

机体弹性变形对主轴承润滑特性的影响

为揭示机体弹性变形对曲轴主轴承润滑特性的影响,在考虑整机体和曲轴弹性的条件下,建立发动机曲柄连杆机构多柔体动力学模型,耦合基于质量守恒边界条件的广义雷诺方程和Greenwood/Tripp接触模型,分析机体弹性变形对曲轴主轴承润滑特性的影响。结果表明：与刚性机体相比,计入机体弹性变形后,各主轴承的润滑特性随曲轴转角的变化趋势与将缸体处理为刚性时基本一致;润滑油平均端泄量和总摩擦功耗在一个工作循环内均变化较小;润滑油最小油膜厚度、最大油膜压力和轴承的最大粗糙接触压力在一个工作循环内的某些时刻变化明显。