奶牛的乳房保健

奶牛生产的最终目的是产奶,因此,保护好奶牛乳房就至关重要.然而,牛的乳房不同程度地感染了乳房炎后,使奶牛应有的产奶潜力没有发挥出来,本文的目的就是提醒奶牛饲养者能够对奶牛的乳房炎引起足够的重视,把损失降到最低点.     

Combo生物制剂降低奶牛体细胞我的研究

奶牛乳房炎（Dairy mastitis）又称奶牛乳腺炎,是乳腺受到物理、化学、微生物刺激所发生的一种炎性反应,导致患病奶牛乳房出现红、肿、热、痛和机能障碍等症状.美国国家奶牛乳房炎委员会（NMC1987）以乳房和乳汁有无肉眼变化,将乳房炎分为临床型乳房炎（Clinical mastitis）、亚临床型乳房炎（Subclinical mastitis）或称隐性乳房炎（Hiddex mastitis）.     

奶牛乳房炎的诊疗

奶牛乳房炎是由于奶牛的乳房受到机械的、物理的、化学的和微生物等因素的作用,而引发乳房的炎症.奶牛乳房炎是奶牛疾病中常见的疾病之一,奶牛乳房炎的发生,不仅影响奶牛的产奶量和奶质,而且还影响奶牛养殖业和奶业的健康稳定的发展.因此,本文结合白银某一奶牛场奶牛的临床病例和诊治,提出奶牛乳房炎的综合性预防措施.     

奶牛乳房炎的抗菌药物防治

奶牛乳房炎作为一种多因素疾病,除了易感牛、病原微生物与环境三者间相互影响外,其复杂性还表现在致病菌的多样性,从而给防治工作带来极大困难[1,2]。今天,奶牛乳房炎仍是造成奶牛业损失最严重的疾病之一。目前,全世界约有2．2亿头奶牛,其中1/3奶牛患各种类型乳房炎,经济损失相当严重。据报道,仅美国奶牛业每年因乳房炎引起的损失估计达20亿美元[3]。播虎等在1980～1989年对我国22座城市32个奶牛场乳房炎发病情况进行了调查,结果表明,我国奶牛临床型的隐性型乳房炎的发病率均高于国外报道[4]。本世纪础年。代,抗生素的问世及随…     

奶牛隐性乳房炎的病原菌分离鉴定与药敏试验

奶牛乳房炎是奶牛的多发病、常见病,也是危害奶牛较为严重的疾病。美国、日本报道,乳房炎头阳性率高达50%,乳区阳性率为20%~30%.我国奶牛乳房炎的发生率更高。萧乾庆等(1997)、杨章平等(1998),和李国江等(1998)报道我国奶牛隐性乳房炎头阳性率分别为51.3%,54.1%和46.4%;单志贵等(1996),萧乾庆等(1997)和杨章平等(1998)报道隐性乳房炎乳区阳性率分别为59.1%、31.9%和28.0%[1]。为了了解引起奶牛隐性乳房炎的病原菌种类及其对抗菌药物的敏感性,进行奶牛隐性乳房炎的病原菌分离鉴定及药敏试验就显得尤为重要。1材料与方法1.1奶牛隐性乳房炎的检…     

奶牛乳房炎的病因分析

乳房炎是成年奶牛最普遍的感染性疾病.依其表现形式可分为临床型乳房炎和亚临床型乳房炎.临床型乳房炎主要表现为乳腺肿胀、坚硬,乳汁出现凝块、变色等;而亚临床感染则引起乳产量下降、乳成分发生变化并排泄病原体.亚临床阶段可持续存在或快速发展为临床型乳房炎.目前,乳房炎已成为制约奶牛生产的一个重要原因.本文综合有关文献对乳房炎的病因作一综述.     

奶牛乳房炎防治技术研究进展

奶牛乳房炎是奶牛的常见病和多发病之一,给奶牛业带来了巨大的经济损失,也严重地制约着奶牛业的发展。从奶牛乳房炎的发病现状、奶牛乳房炎的发病机理、奶牛乳房炎防治措施三个方面对奶牛乳房炎防治技术进行了综述,旨在为临床防治奶牛乳房炎提供理论指导。     

奶牛乳房炎的诊断与预防

乳房炎是奶牛中最常见的疾病,给奶业造成的经济损失是巨大的。虽然应激或外伤可引起乳房炎,但乳房炎的主要致病因素是细菌或其它微生物。 一、奶牛乳房炎的诊断 1、乳房检查 当检查奶牛乳房时,可明显看到     

中药治疗奶牛乳房炎的研究现状与展望

综述了中药治疗奶牛乳房炎的临床应用、机理和特点,认为中药治疗奶牛乳房炎采用辨证施治方法,毒副作用小且不易产生耐药性;指出了中药治疗奶牛乳房炎存在的问题,主要是基础研究薄弱、生产工艺落后、无固定标准、药品质量难以保证等.由于中药治疗奶牛乳房炎疗效确实,因而潜力巨大.     

奶牛乳房炎的危害与防治

在奶牛饲养中奶牛乳房炎是发病率高，经济损失最大的一种疾病，同时也在危害着人类的身体健康。乳房炎种类较多，一般分临床型乳房炎(又分急性与慢性)和隐性乳房炎。急性临床型乳房炎包括卡他性乳房炎、浆液性乳房炎、纤维素性乳房炎、蜂窝织性乳房炎、化脓性乳房炎、乳房脓肿、出血性乳房炎、坏疽性乳房炎等多种。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。