骨形成蛋白15基因Bcu I多态性对猪产仔性能的影响

采用PCR—RFLP方法,检测了小梅山猪和大白猪骨形成蛋白15（BMP15）基因exon2的多态性,结果显示,在这2个品种中均有A和B两个等位基因存在。利用最小二乘分析研究了该多态位点对猪头胎、二胎和经产的总产仔数和产活仔数的影响。结果表明,在小梅山猪中,不同基因型经产母猪的总产仔数和产活仔数间差异显著,AA产活仔数最高,为14．28头,BB总产仔数和产活仔数最低,分别为12．67头和12．33头;大白猪中,不同基因型母猪在头胎总产仔数和经产总产仔数方面差异显著,其他方面差异均不显著,但都呈现出AA〉AB〉BB的趋势。     

Mutations in bone morphogenetic protein 15 and growth differentiation factor 9 genes are associated with increased litter size in fat-tailed sheep breeds

The objective of this study was to investigate association between GDF9 and BMP15 gene polymorphism and litter size in fat-tailed sheep, a total of 97 mature ewes from four breeds (Afshari=19; Baluchi=18; Makui=30 and Mehraban=30) were genotyped for the BMP15 HinfI and GDF9 HhaI polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP technique. The highest and lowest mutant allele frequencies were found in Makui (0.27) and Afshari (0.10) sheep for the BMP15 gene and in Afshari (0.24) and Mehraban (0.18) sheep for the GDF9 gene, respectively. Litter size was significantly influenced by genotype of the ewe for two genes (P < 0.01). Heterozygous genotypes for both loci showed higher litter size than homozygous genotypes (P < 0.01). None of the individuals carried homozygous genotype for both of the GDF9 and BMP15 variants in these breeds. The individuals carrying the mutant allele for one of the investigated candidate gene still showed fertile phenotype. Thus, existence of homozygosity at one of the BMP15 and GDF9 variant is not probably able to block normal hormonal pathway of reproduction in fat-tailed sheep.