不同栽培条件对彩叶树种生长影响的研究

通过开展10种彩叶树种(黄金香柳、金叶复叶槭、金叶水杉、金叶国槐、彩叶桂、金丝柳、美国改良红枫、美国红叶紫薇、日本红枫、粉叶复叶槭)不同光照、施肥和土壤等3个方面的试验,探讨不同栽培条件对彩叶树种生长的影响。结果表明,不同光照、施肥和土壤处理对10种彩叶树种的生长会有显著影响。因此,在对以上10种彩叶树种进行栽培应用时,要根据其生态习性,结合树种耐阴性和生长速度等因素,选择合适的施肥量以及栽培土壤条件进行科学有效的栽培管理,从而发挥彩叶树种的观赏价值和生态价值。     

紫叶稠李试载研究

紫叶稠李是一个优良彩叶树种,在沈阳地区通过物候期,抗逆性,生长发育,修剪反应,嫁接繁育等方面引种观察,取得了良好的试验效果.     

紫叶稠李在新疆的引种栽培及应用研究

对由北京引入的紫叶稠李彩色树种进行了生长适应性及其苗木繁育试验.结果表明:紫叶稠李非常适应新疆的气候条件,极其耐寒、耐旱,枝条半致死温度在-35.9℃以下.且苗木繁育成活率高,其彩叶性状、表型特征非常具有观赏性,是新疆园林景观造型中又一新的树种.     

彩叶树种在大同地区园林绿化中的应用

彩叶树种具有较高的观赏性,被广泛应用在园林绿化中。针对大同地区特殊的气候环境,从彩叶树种选择原则,彩叶树种在大同地区的应用分析2个方面,论述了彩叶树种在大同地区园林绿化中的应用。     

赣州地区彩叶树种引种适应性试验

在赣州地区进行了10种彩叶树种引进试验,结果表明:10种彩叶树种中金丝柳、黄金香柳、金叶国槐和金叶复叶槭成活率高,树体长势旺,生长速度快,观赏效果良好,能很好地适应赣州地区的环境;粉叶复叶槭和美国改良红枫表现次之;而日本红枫、金叶水杉、彩叶桂和美国红叶紫薇综合生长表现较差,整体观赏效果不佳。     

浅谈辽宁彩叶树种的应用及前景

本文通过对辽宁地区园林彩叶树种的应用进行阐述,以期为彩叶树种资源的进一步开发提出对策,及对彩叶树种的应用前景的一个展望。     

彩叶植物在盐碱地区的引种栽培策略

彩叶植物是现代城市景观建设与生态绿化工程中常见的植物,因其具有较强的美观性,所以彩叶植物被广泛应用于绿化工程建设之中,在盐碱地区种植彩叶植物,需要技术人员从盐碱地区的土壤特性进行分析,结合彩叶植物的生长条件,观察适合在盐碱地区生长的植物种类,可以更好地完成彩叶植物的引种栽培工作。本文从国内彩色树种发展状况进行分析,研究了彩叶植物在盐碱地区种植的意义,并通过具体的实验得出盐碱地区彩叶植物的引种栽培策略与方法,旨在推动我国绿化工程的进步与发展。     

盐碱地区彩叶树种的引种栽培研究

彩叶植物作为现代园林的重要材料,在园林景观构成中具有很大意义,在盐碱地区尤为重要.本项目对美国红枫、红叶石楠、中华金叶榆、金叶莸等18种彩叶植物进行了引种栽培技术研究.通过物候期的观察、生长量的测定,逐步探讨了这些植物在盐碱地的生长状况,筛选出一批适合衡水盐碱地生长的彩叶树种.     

我国彩叶植物的选择及其园林应用

彩叶植物是园林植物的重要组成部分,因其叶色美丽富有变化而深受人们喜爱,园林应用前景广阔.近几年来,随着我国园林事业的发展,木本彩叶植物也越来越受到人们的重视,不断发现和培育新的彩叶树种已经成为园林工作者的重要任务.该文基于对杭州地区彩叶植物应用状况的调查研究,阐述了江南地区多种树形较好的彩叶植物种类的观赏价值、资源分布和引种栽培,为杭州地区彩叶树种资源的进一步开发利用提出了建议.     

生态文明视阈下新乡南太行秋沟景区彩叶植物种类调查

新乡南太行秋沟景区自然生长的彩叶植物种类较为丰富,对秋沟景区彩叶植物进行调查,结果表明:秋沟景区共有25科50种彩叶植物,其中乔木37种,占74％,灌木10种,占20％,藤本3种,占6％;秋沟景区彩叶植物主要为秋色叶类,共有45种,占总彩叶树种的90％;其中,秋叶红色树种有7科17种,占总彩色叶树种的34％,秋叶黄色树...     

宁夏贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄叶部氮磷钾生长季动态研究

通过叶分析研究了贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄产区的葡萄植株叶全氮磷钾6～9月含量动态变化规律。结果表明：宁夏贺兰山东麓御马酿酒葡萄基地酿酒葡萄全生育期叶片氮素营养充足，而叶片磷钾生育后期供应不足，成为酿酒葡萄生育后期叶片生长量下降的主要原因；酿酒葡萄叶片氮磷钾动态变化揭示了对晚熟酿酒葡萄品种8月份应少量补充氮素，而8月末是磷、钾补充的关键时期；酿酒葡萄氮磷钾营养诊断的最适部位是叶柄，最佳营养诊断时期为8月份。     

不同施肥深度对酿酒葡萄叶片养分和产量及品质的影响

以贺兰山东麓典型区御马酿酒葡萄基地6年生赤霞珠为供试材料,研究了酿酒葡萄叶片、产量及品质对3种施肥深度(20、40、60cm)下N、P、K配方施肥方式的响应。结果表明,酿酒葡萄叶片中氮含量远高于叶柄,叶片中氮素含量随着生育期的延长逐渐降低,而叶柄中氮含量随施肥深度增加和生育期延长而产生的变化很小,40cm的施肥深度能显著增加叶片中氮素含量;叶柄磷素平均含量高于叶片,全生育期叶片磷含量变化很小,而施肥60cm深度显著促进了叶片和叶柄中磷含量的提高;叶柄中钾含量远高于叶片,施肥深度对叶柄和叶片中钾含量未产生明显影响,但生育后期追施钾肥显著提高叶片钾含量;施肥深度达到40cm时酿酒葡萄的产量最高,而60cm的施肥深度产量显著下降。化肥适度深施到40cm有改善酿酒葡萄糖分的积累且增加糖酸比的趋势;而60cm的施肥深度总糖和糖酸比显著下降。由此说明,适度深施化肥到40cm左右的深度有利于提高肥料的利用率,从而促进葡萄的营养生长,提高产量且改善品质。     

Phenological responses of ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) to riparian thermal conditions

There is increasing evidence that riparian corridors have modified thermal conditions compared to non-riparian areas. However, the biological significance of this difference is less clear. Here we tested this by investigating the response of tree phenology to riparian thermal conditions. We monitored the timing of bud burst, leaf fall and growing season of riparian and non-riparian ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) in the city of Sheffield over two years. We compared the phenologies between riparian and non-riparian trees and explored the relationship between tree phenologies and thermal environments. Tree phenologies varied between riparian and non-riparian areas and the effect was species specific. Bud burst and leaf fall were earlier in non-riparian than in riparian ash, but no location effects on either bud burst or leaf fall were detected for sycamore, or in the growing season for both species. Bud burst for the two species was highly correlated to spring temperature; warmer temperature resulting in earlier bud burst in ash but later bud burst in sycamore. No significant relationship between leaf fall and temperature was found for either species. A positive correlation between growing season and temperature was observed for ash but not sycamore.     

Influence of pre-planting applications of nitro-chalk,superphosphate, sheep manure and a fertilizer mixture,in factorial combination,on the growth of one-year-old peach trees

A field experiment was carried out with one-year-old peach trees to determine the influence of applications of nitro-chalk (N), superphosphate (P), sheep manure (SM), and a fertilizer mixture (X), in factorial combination, on tree growth during the first growing season. Fertilizers were mixed into the soil at planting sites about two weeks before tree planting.

Maximum tree growth was achieved when 3 lb. P and 36 lb. SM were applied per tree. However, all fertilizers depressed leaf bud development and early shoot growth and, in a few cases, application of 3 lb. N per tree resulted in tree death. It is concluded that heavy rates of these fertilizers should not be applied to planting sites prior to planting young peach trees. Rather, it appears from seasonal growth measurements that fertilizers should not be applied to newly planted trees until late spring (November).

The only consistent and significant interaction occurred between N and SM. Application of SM increased tree growth more in the absence of N than in its presence; i.e. the SM acted as a nitrogen source. SM depressed tree growth early in the growing season, probably because some of its components are readily soluble. However, later in the season it promoted growth and partly alleviated the detrimental effect on tree growth induced by 3 lb. N per tree. It is evident from calculated concentrations of elements per planting site that the SM treatment supplied larger quantities and a wider range of elements than the inorganic fertilizers.

In the absence of an N × SM interaction trees grew better if given nil or 1 lb. N than if they were given 3 lb. N. For some growth parameters, trees also grew significantly better if given 1 lb. N rather than nil.

Application of a fertilizer mixture containing potassium sulphate, magnesium carbonate, lime, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulphate, borax, Chel-138 iron chelate, and manganese sulphate to planting sites significantly depressed tree growth throughout the growing season, but this may have been due to molybdenum toxicity, although no visual symptoms were present.     

中华红叶杨的扦插繁殖技术

中华红叶杨叶片颜色春、夏、秋三季四色,既可以作为彩叶树种又可以作为用材树种,不仅集绿化、彩化、净化多种功能于一体,而且作为速生树种,经济效益显著。中华红叶杨的扦插繁殖技术要点：选地整地、剪取插穗、适时扦插,田间管理措施遵循及时浇水、中耕,松土锄草、摘芽修枝的原则。     

Root growth following defruiting improves peach tree water status

Summary

Tree growth and water status throughout the growing season and after fruit removal were studied in container-grown peach trees. Trees with fruit (F) and defruited (DF) trees were sampled destructively at bud break (8 March), 1 month after fruit removal (3 June), at harvest (6 August), and before leaf fall (15 October) to determine the mass of leaves, current season shoots, branches, trunk, and the entire root system. Tree water status was determined from the mid-day stem water potential (SWP) the day before each sampling date. Root growth in DF trees was greater than that observed in F trees, while the above-ground biomass was similar in DF and F trees. DF trees therefore had lower leaf:root biomass ratios than F trees throughout the fruit growing season. Environmental factors did not fully explain the seasonal variations in SWP, but there was a significant correlation between leaf:root biomass ratios and SWP. Reductions in leaf:root biomass ratios were accompanied by increases in SWP and, ultimately, DF trees had higher SWP values than F trees in mid-Summer. Improvements in tree water status following fruit removal can be explained, in part, by additional root growth.     

李新品种——红晶李的选育

红晶李系从天目蜜李中选出的优质早熟李新品种。果实短圆形,果面艳红,平均单果重71.1g,最大果200.0g,果肉橙黄色,汁多,甜酸适口,肉质细嫩,可溶性固形物含量14%左右,品质上等,黏核,核小。当地5月下旬成熟。常温下可贮藏15d左右。较抗细菌性穿孔病,耐瘠薄。早果性好,丰产。     

Improving productivity of four fruit species by growth regulators applied once in ultra-low doses to the collar

Summary

Two growth retardants: paclobutrazol (P, Cultar) or 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) were applied once alone, or in mixtures (in a range of 5 to 20 mg per tree) to the collar of maiden plum, sour and sweet cherries and apple trees, in early spring of the second year after planting. Plum and apple trees were also treated with benzyladenine (BA) at 10 mg per tree a.i. in a mixture with P or TIBA. Sweet and sour cherry trees were treated with natural phenolic substances: phloridzin (Phi) and quercetin (Que) alone, or in mixtures with P and TIBA. A mid-stem treatment with P and shoot bending were also applied to the plum and apple trees for comparison. Measurements of tree growth and fruiting were made within 4 or 5 years. The reaction of the four species to the treatments varied according to the growth regulator applied. Plum trees responded mostly to TIBA and its mixtures with P. A strong suppression of tree growth and increased fruit productivity, as well as improved fruit quality, were observed. The TIBA application and its mixtures with P were also effective in causing growth reduction of the sweet cherry trees. Treatments with P alone, or mixed with TIBA, were effective in growth limitation of sour cherry trees. Some increase in the reproductive processes was observed only after the TIBA treatment in both species. The apple trees responded to application of mixtures of TIBA with benzyladenine (BA), or with P, and to P alone, with effective growth reduction. But only the P + BA treatment increased significantly the fruiting of apple trees, while the other treatments resulted in crops proportional to the diminished tree sizes. The mid-stem treatment did not affect plum trees but increased growth of apple trees. Shoot bending had no effect on the plum trees but increased fruiting of apple trees. The addition of Phi to half the lower P dose or TIBA, magnified growth suppression in the sweet and sour cherry trees. When applied alone Que caused a small growth inhibition but Phi produced some increase in growth of sour cherry trees. Results obtained show the possibilities of practical applications of growth regulators to the collar. Their reduced doses mixed with natural phenolic substances are equally effective in growth suppression and make fruit production safer and more profitable, especially in plum and sour cherry trees.     

山葡萄品种脱毒苗遗传稳定性及其生产性能的研究

１９９４－１９９８年对山葡萄两性花品种双优和两性花品系０１６，８８－１００，７５－１－１０４的脱除扇叶和卷叶病毒６－７代茎尖组培苗和同品种带毒的扦插苗相比较，在树形，叶形，果实形状和色泽，酒质，物候期，抗寒性等方面均未表现出明显的变异。组培树群体生长整齐一致，比插扦树增产３．４９％－２４．６８％，具有稳定的遗传性状和良好的生产性能。     

Rootstock Induced Seasonal Changes of N,P and K Nutrient Levels in Satsuma Mandarin cvs. ‘Okitsu’, ‘Clausellina’ and ‘Silverhill’

Rootstocks-scion relations have critical consequences about nutritional status, tree vigour, resistance to pest and pathogens, yield and yield quality. In this study, we therefore investigated seasonal variations of leaf mineral nutrient concentrations in Satsuma mandarin’s cvs. ‘Okitsu’, ‘Clausellina’ and ‘Silverhill’ budded on different citrus rootstocks under Dörtyol-Hatay, Turkey ecological conditions. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and K (potassium) concentrations of the leaves showed slightly similar trend each other, in general these nutrients reduced from January to March–April, and increased during the growing season until mid- and late summer, then decreased until December. Despite rootstocks did not significantly affect the leaf N, P and K concentrations rootstock-scion relation was pre-eminent and nutrient dependent. Most conspicuous scion dependent changes were recorded for K concentration whereas P concentration was little influenced. In terms of scion-rootstock combination, the range of N and K concentrations were 2.11% (‘Okitsu’/sour orange) to 2.34% (Silverhill/sour orange), and 1.09% (‘Okitsu’/Carrizo citrange) to 1.39% (‘Clausellina’/Carrizo citrange), respectively; but P concentrations were highly similar %0.13 (‘Okitsu’/sour orange) – %0.16 (‘Clausellina’/Carrizo citrange), in the entire growing season. It can be concluded that there are considerable differences in nutrient uptake ability of scion-rootstock combination.