Experimental Analysis on Axial Compressive Behavior of R- CFTStub Columns with Prestressed Binding Bars

In order to investigate the effect of prestressed binding bars on axial compressive behavior of rectangular concrete-filled tubular (CFT) short columns, five rectangular CFT short columns, three with prestressed binding bars, one with ordinary binding bars, the other with no binding bars, were constructed and tested under axial compressive loads. The binding bars were made up with high-strength bolts. As used for ordinary binding bars, the high-strength bolts were welded to the steel tube before the column was loaded to axial compressive force. As used for prestressed binding bars, the high-strength bolts were first tensed by screwed screw cap down to bring force to prestress the steel tube and its core concrete, then welded to the steel tube before the column was loaded to axial compressive force. Test results indicate that the bearing capacity and ductility of rectangular CFT short columns are increased by setting binding bars. Compared to ordinary binding bars, the prestressed binding bars can decrease the longitudinal displacements corresponding to ultimate strength, but have little effect on the ultimate strength and displacement capacity after ultimate strength of the columns. The longitudinal displacements corresponding to ultimate strength of the columns decrease with the decreasing of space between binding bars. With the same section width and amount of binding bars, the bearing capacity of the columns improves with the increase of section long-broad-ratio, while displacement capacity after ultimate strength decreases with the increase of section long-broad-ratio.     

EXPERIMNTAL RESEARCH ON THE CRACK RESISTANCE AND BEARING CAPACITY OF PRESTRESSED BRICK MASONRY WALLS UNDER CYCLIC LOADING

By comparing the tests of prestressed and nonprestressed brick masonry walls with peripheral beams and Constructional columns, under cyclic lateral loading,the apperaence and development of Cracks,failure mechanism,hysteretic behavior,strength,stiffness,ductility and ener-gy dissipation of the brick rnasonry walls arc studied.Only the crack resistance and bearing capacity of walls are discussed in this paper.It is shown that prestressing on brick masonry wall can obviotisly improve its seismic behavior.Morcover,calculating methods for the crack resistance and the ultimate bearing capacity are presented,and the caculating results are identical with the tests.     

Analysis of Flexural Failure Mode of RC Beams Reinforced with Prestressed FRP Bars

The flexural performance of the beams reinforced with both non-prestressed bars and prestressed bonded FRP bars was theoretically analyzed. Both the CFRP bar and the AFRP bar were taken as the representatives in the study. Correlativity of two kinds of balanced relative depth of compressive area, respectively corresponding to the yield of steel bar and to the rupture of FRP bar, was investigated. Therefore the influence of performance parameters of FRP on the flexural failure modes was analyzed. The results indicate that failure modes and two kinds of balanced relative depth of compressive area are with direct correlation, and the latter is directly influenced by the performance of the FRP bars. Adopting the short-term performance parameters or the long-term performance parameters, which considers the environmental factor, creep fracture factor, relaxation factor and materials coefficiency, would have different results. Failure mode I is the ideal one, while the others should be avoided. Prestressed control stress of CFRP bars with low-ductility should not be too high, otherwise the rupture of CFRP bars will happen before the yield of steel bars.     

T形板肋对预制带肋底板混凝土叠合板弯曲疲劳性能的影响

为研究T形板肋对预制带肋底板混凝土叠合板弯曲疲劳性能的影响,对3块T形肋底板叠合板和1块整浇板进行弯曲疲劳性能对比试验,主要考察T形板肋与疲劳荷载幅值对试件疲劳破坏形态及疲劳损伤程度的影响,得到了在不同疲劳循环加载次数下的跨中动位移、混凝土应变、预应力筋应变、残余变形等,分析了在不同疲劳循环加载次数下的刚度退化情况、荷载-应变分布规律、裂缝分布规律及剩余承载力等。研究结果表明,经历200万次疲劳循环加载后,T形肋底板叠合板无明显的刚度和强度退化,增设T形板肋的叠合板能达到与整浇板相同的弯曲疲劳性能;T形肋底板叠合板正截面弯曲疲劳强度计算可采用普通预应力混凝土受弯构件正截面疲劳应力验算的4个假定,最终以此建立了其正截面弯曲疲劳强度验算方法。     

Numerical Method for Load Bearing Capacity of High Strength Steel Columns at Elevated Temperature

In order to make fire resistance design of high strength steel columns in building structures, the numerical calculation method on load bearing capacity of high strength steel columns at elevated temperature was investigated. By taking the mechanical property of high strength steel at elevated temperature into consideration, extension was made on the inverse calculation segment length method and the program to compute the load bearing capacity of high strength steel columns at elevated temperature was performed. The program was adopted to compute the load bearing capacity. The results obtained by the program and the finite element analysis were compared and good agreement had been found. The influence of magnitude, distribution mode of residual stress and initial geometry imperfection on ultimate load bearing capacity was analyzed by employing the program. It is shown that the extended method can be is shown used to calculate the load bearing capacity of high strength steel columns at elevated temperature; the magnitude and distribution mode of residual stress had little influence but the geometry imperfection have significant influence on ultimate load bearing capacity.     

Increase of Wave Velocity in Precast Pile along with Time and Its Analysis

Low strain dynamic testing on actual pile was conducted to investigate if the wave velocity is varied in the installed pre-cast pile.It was found that the wave velocity of the pile is raised along with time.The analysis has been carried out through with one dimension and three dimension stress wave propagation theories.Among various factors influencing the rise of wave velocity,the factor of the side soil contribution is the chief one.The soil around the pile works jointly with the pile,as if to enlarge the section size of the pile.Both the increase of wave velocity and the bearing capacity of pile are consistent.So the time effect of wave velocity can be used to study the time effect of bearing capacity of the pile and to determine the bearing capacity of piles.     

Stress-Strain Relationship of Circular Concrete Columns Confined with Lateral Pre-tensioned FRP

The active confinement for the core concrete can be provided by lateral pre-tensioned FRP, the stress hysteresis of FRP can be avoided, and good confinement effect for concrete columns can be got. It must cause large error if adopt the calculated model and constitute model of concrete columns confined with non-pretentioned FRP. The initial confined stress and effective confined stress associated with the lateral pre-stress were introduced. According to the test results and finite element simulation, the calculated model on peak stress, peak strain, ultimate stress and ultimate strain of circular concrete columns confined with lateral pre-tensioned FRP were proposed, and the initial elastic modulus of circular concrete columns confined with lateral pre-tensioned FRP was analyzed. Based the exiting stress-strain models of circular concrete columns confined with FRP, the three linear stress-strain model of circular concrete columns confined with lateral pre-tensioned FRP was recommended, and good agreement between theoretical and test results is achieved.     

高温下钢管约束型钢混凝土柱的受力性能

火灾下无防火保护的结构构件温度会迅速上升,从而造成钢材和混凝土的强度明显下降。为了研究火灾下钢管约束型钢混凝土柱的受力性能,考虑火灾下钢管约束型钢混凝土柱的不均匀温度分布及温度对材料力学性能的影响,提出了火灾下受轴心荷载作用的钢管约束型钢混凝土柱承载力的计算方法。利用有限元软件ABAQUS对提出的计算方法进行了验证,结果吻合较好。进而采用该计算方法对影响高温下承载力的参数进行了分析,研究表明：随着构件截面尺寸的增加以及混凝土强度和钢材强度的提高,构件的承载力逐渐增加,而钢管壁厚的改变对承载力并无太大影响。利用有限元软件ABAQUS分析了荷载比、构件尺寸、钢管壁厚等因素对构件耐火极限的影响,发现耐火极限随着荷载比和钢管壁厚的增加而减小,随着构件尺寸的增加而增大。     

HDPF加固钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

为了研究高延性聚酯纤维加固钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能,共进行了7根柱的低周反复试验,其中,3根在未加固状态下进行试验,4根柱粘贴高延性聚酯纤维加固后进行试验,针对位移延性系数、等效粘滞阻尼系数、总耗能、承载力和纤维带的应变进行了研究与分析。研究结果表明：未加固柱的承载力、耗能能力和延性都比较低,采用高延性聚酯纤维加固后的试件裂缝发展缓慢,加固后柱的承载能力、耗能能力、延性均有不同程度地提高;在塑性铰区域内增加局部配筋,能够提高纤维布的约束效果。     

Stability Behavior of Shuttle-Shaped Steel Lattice Columns With Bending Moment

The stability behavior of shuttle-shaped steel lattice columns subject to combined axial force and bending moment was examined through elastic buckling analysis and geometrically and materially nonlinear analysis. Firstly, the concept of section stiffness variation ratio is proposed for shuttle-shaped lattice columns and the elastic buckling behavior is discussed. Then, the effect of bending moment on the stability behavior of lattice columns is investigated, with the emphasis on the development of axial stress, bending stress and shear stress. The influence of column component spacing and diaphragm thickness on the stability bearing capacity is also analyzed. It is shown that the elastic buckling mode of the lattice column is dependent on its section stiffness variation ratio; for lattice columns with C-shaped buckling mode, the reduction in stability bearing capacity caused by bending moment is smaller than that of columns with S-shaped buckling mode; the maximum stability bearing capacity of the lattice column can be achieved by adjusting the column component spacing, and the spacing corresponding to the maximum capacity is basically consistent with the critical spacing for transformation of C-shaped buckling mode and S-shaped mode; and it is more effective to increase the thickness of columns with S-shaped buckling mode to get larger bearing capacity.     

Design Method of Moment-strengthening on Tension Side When Load Un removed

Based on the linear strain distribution assumption, strain development of tensile bars and ultimate moment capacity of strengthening section, which strengthened on tension side with service load un removed, is investigated. It is showed that the higher the service load bending moment to original moment capacity ratio M 1k /M u1 is, the smaller the tensile strain of strengthening re barsis, and the more the amount of strengthening re barsis, the smaller the tensile strain of original re barsis. It also showed that,When original re bar area is relatively small and strengthening re bar area is adequate, both original and strengthening re bars may get yielded and a great increment in section moment capacity is achieved, even though the ration M 1k M u1 has a relatively high value.     

Experimental Analysis on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete Composite Slabs with Precast Prestressed Rectangular Rib Panels

For the convenience of industrialized production and site operation,specification design of PPCRP (precast prestressed concrete ribbed panels) is discussed. In order to obtain ultimate bearing capacity,bending rigidity and crack resistance,four PPCRP with two types of spans are studied,and the results show that PPCRP can satisfy the requirements of bearing capacity in construction phase and can serve as stay-in place formwork. To verify the mechanical property,shear behavior on contact interface of composite member and moment redistribution factor of continuous composite member,two single-span composite members and one two-span continuous composite member are studied. It is indicated that computational method for bearing capacity of composite member can be the same as cast-in-situ concrete slab. Besides,section strain analysis for composite member in two-loading is conducted,which suggests that thickness of bottom board can be used as calculated height with the consideration of two-loading.     

A Simple Experimental Analysis Method for Reinforced Concrete Bar System Structures - Sectioned Dropping Rigidity Method

In order to solve the problem that the internal force of statically indeterminate prestressed and reinforced concrete bar system structures is difficut to determine when the structures come to the non-elastic state, a simple analysis method of experimental structures' internal force-sectioned dropping rigidity method is brought forward.In this method, according to the loading state of bars, the bars are divided into limited segments by the level of rigidity dropping, and the relative level of each segment is enacted; then the dropping modulus of each segment rigidity will be found by debugging time after time, and the checking point is the key distortion which was gained from the experiment; it is considered that the internal force which is calculated by elasticity analysis at the dropped rigidity can reflect the real internal force of the structures.It is basically proved that the method, which is brought forward in this paper, is effective by comparing its results with those from the experiment of a large size prestressed frame of two spans and single floor, of which the internal force redistribution is considered.     

Experimental Research on the Behavior of Direct Anchoring Beam-wider-than-wall Joint

Based on the elastic finite element analysis of the RC beam-wider-than-wall joint, two large-scale specimens of the direct anchoring beam-wider-than-wall joint are designed to test the joint behavior. The stresses and slips of longitudinal bars in the beam, load-bearing capacity and destruction form are observed and analyzed. The analysis and test results show that: The wide beam should be extended through into the wall for some length to make the flexural stress uniform along beam section width, thus the beam's bearing capacity can be achieved. The anchorage condition of the upper longitudinal bar in the beam outside the wall's width is poor, thus the anchorage length prescribed in the current CODE is not enough to ensure the bearing capacity and ductility of joints. The beam stirrups are very important to the anchorage of the upper longitudinal bar in the beam outside the wall's width. If the quantity of the beam stirrups is not enough, the wide beam in the joint area would have more cracks which decrease the bearing capacity and ductility of joints. Finally, a novel spatial truss mechanism model for the beam-wider-than-wall joint is put forward.     

配置600 MPa级高强钢筋T形柱抗震性能试验研究

600 MPa级钢筋是一种新型高强度钢筋,为研究该钢筋应用于异形柱结构体系的可行性,对7根不同轴压比、体积配箍率和钢筋强度的混凝土T形柱试件进行低周往复荷载试验,分别对其承载力、位移、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化和耗能性能进行研究,综合评估其抗震性能。研究结果表明：配置600 MPa级钢筋的混凝土T形柱具有良好的变形能力和承载能力,提高配箍率能有效提高试件的抗震性能,提高轴压比可以提高试件的承载力,但降低其变形能力。随着钢筋强度的提高,试件的承载力显著提高。     

Experimental Analysis of the Behavior of Steel Plate-masonry Composite Wall-beams

When steel plate-masonry composite structure used in the existing masonry structure with load bearing walls is removed for a large space, composite action should be considered between the beam and the supported masonry wall due to the arch effect formed in the supported wall. In order to investigate the working mechanism, failure mode, and load-carrying capacity, strain distribution in critical sections and mid-span defcection of this type of composite wall-beam, five steel plate-masonry wall-beams were tested under concentrated loads and analyzed, which considered variables of height-span-ratio of supported masonry wall, height-span-ratio of composite beam and thickness of steel plate. The results show that steel plate-masonry composite wall-beam starts failure from the masonry located at the line between loading point and supporting point; strain distribution of steel plate along section height meets the plane section assumption; the height-span-ratio of supported wall can directly influence the failure mode of masonry wall, buckling load corresponding to steel plate experiencing local buckling and ultimate load of tested specimens; the reasonable height of supported masonry wall is beneficial to the formation of composite action between supported masonry wall and composite beam, and the excessive high masonry wall will reduce the ultimate load of the tested specimen. Finally, the reasonable range for height-span-ratio of supported masonry wall was presented, and the proposed value representing the flexural stiffness of the steel plate-composite beam relative to the in-plane stiffness of the supported masonry wall was at least more than 79.     

TENTATIVE INVESTIGATION OF THE BEHAVIOR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAME CORNER JOINTS UNDER LOW CYCLE LOADING

In this pager, four full-scale corner joint assemblies of reinforced concrete frame beam and column with different detail structure are tested under low cycle loading, The process of damage development and the characteristics of break of the assemblies in the course of alternately increasing positive and negative bending deformation are learned Strength, stiffness and ductility of assemblies and the various regulations of energy consumption are also studied. Compared with these properties, the anti-seismic behavior is tentatively commented. Besides, the test results of the strain distribution of beam and column longitudinal bars and stress state of joint stirrups are analyzed.     

Bearing capacity of composite columns reinforced by concrete filled steel tube

In this study, nine simplified short composite columns consisting of core CFST (concrete filled steel tube) of different diameters and outer reinforced concrete were constructed to study their compressive performance under axial or eccentric compression. The failure mode is characterized by the crush of the outer concrete. The bearing capacity increases at first and then decreases with further increase of the position coefficient. It can be concluded that position coefficient is an important structural parameter that has considerable influences on the ultimate bearing capacity of the composite columns. The outer concrete, steel tubes and longitudinal reinforcement are found to work in a cooperative manner under axial or eccentric compression when the position coefficient is about 0.5. An improved bearing capacity algorithm that takes the position coefficient into account has been proposed based on the experimental and simulation results and current technical specification in China. It has been proven to be precise and safe.     

软岩地质条件下浅埋隧道锚缩尺模型试验

为研究隧道锚的受力变形和锚碇承载特性等问题,在重庆几江长江大桥工程北岸现场开展1∶30缩尺模型试验。试验结果表明：从相似设计荷载240 kN到1 680 kN,双锚碇前锚面沿拉拔方向的最大位移平均值为0.020~0.808 mm,双锚碇前端上部地表岩体铅直方向的最大位移值为0.028~0.749 mm,双锚碇后端上部地表岩体铅直方向的最大位移值为0.014~0.645 mm;锚碇围岩破裂类型是拉剪复合型破坏;锚碇上方地表横桥方向参与抗拔作用的岩体范围约2~3 m,而沿锚碇轴向参与拉拔作用的岩体破坏区类似一个倒塞体形状;通过试验得到模型锚的可靠抗拉拔承载能力为1 344 kN;模型锚在840 kN下的流变趋于稳定,其长期安全系数为3.5。模型试验结果表明软岩地质条件下浅埋隧道锚具有较高的抗拉拔承载能力,证明此设计方案是可行的。     

Bearing capacity of solid waste ground reinforced by stone column

Based on presented tests of improvement of solid waste ground by stone column, the failure mode of lateral expansion of column body can be found. It is assumed that solid waste surrounding column is in Rankin's positive limit situation caused by lateral expansion of column body, self weight solid waste and column is neglected, the calculation theory of limit bearing capacity of stone column can be extended on equilibrium of solid waste and column. The limit bear capacity of stone column can be calculated on parameters by complete tests and reference data. The heavy dynamic penetration tests were finished in stone column and the characteristic value of bearing capacity can be recommended on blow count. It is shown that bearing capacities of calculation and field test are close.