Effect of Yttrium on Morphologies of Precipitation Phases Along Grain Boundary of As-cast ZK60 Magnesium Alloy

Morphologies of precipitation phases along grain boundary of the as-cast Mg-6.0Zn-0.45Zr, Mg-6.0Zn-(1.2Y) and Mg-6.0Zn-0.6Zr-1.0Y alloys are studied by using the methodologies of metallurgical phase analysis, scanning electron microscopy(SEM) analysis and energy diffraction x-ray(EDX) analysis. The experimental result indicates that the main precipitation phases along grain boundary of the as-cast alloys Mg-6.0Zn-0.45Zr is Mg-Zn binary phase. There are two kinds of precipitation phases along grain boundary for Mg-6.0Zn-1.2Y and Mg-6.0Zn-(0.6)Zr-1.0Y alloys. One grew at triangular grain boundary, which is fish-bone -like and contained Mg-Zn binary phase and Mg-Zn-Y ternary phase. The other distributed mainly around the grain, which is net-like and contained Mg-Zn-Y ternary phase. In addition, there are lots of granular phases, extending to the interior of the grain, at the rim of grain boundary phases. Finally, Y can intensively change morphology of precipitation phases along grain boundary of the as-cast Mg-Zn-Zr alloy (ZK60) alloys.     

Application PCI Interface Chip to X-ray Spectrum Detection

In the design of x-ray spectrum detecting, adopting the PCI bus for transmission is an effective way to realize real-time and high-speed, and it has also a powerful ability for image transmission. The authors introduc PCI9030 with a slave interface device made by PLXtech corporation, and then they draw up in details the hardware and the acquisition software in the design of high-speed data acquisition card used in x-ray spectrum detection.     

TNE EXPERIMBNT RESEARCH OF PT THIN FILM USED IN INFRARED DETECTOR

The preparation technology and thermal treatment PT thin film used in infrareddetector and photo-electron devices are studied. The er thin film prepared by multi-ion-beam reac-tive co-sputtering apparams are analysised by x-ray , XPS and EPMA. The impurity of PbO,Pb2Ti2O6 in PT thin film is eleminated and PbTiO3 (001)preferred orientation is improved. The rea-sonable teperature of substrates is given in this paper.     

THE STUDY FOR LARGE INCLUSIONS OF STAINLESS STEEL (1Crl8Ni9Ti) DURING CONTINUOUS CASTING

This paper presents the process of stainless steel ( 1Crl8Ni9Ti) in continuous casting,the components and their shapes,origins and distributions of the large inclusions existing in the steel,as well as the influence on its quality. By the observation through a microscope,the structural analysis adopting x-ray examinating instrument and the measunement for the microzone of billet employing the electronic probe.it has been found that the large inclusions of continuous billet mainly originate from the slag-sweeping of the tundisy and mold. There are mostly spherical-slag in addition to Ti(C.N) in the inclusions. The calculations in theory point out that the siO2in the slag can' t change Ti(C,N) into TiO2,however,it can assimilate with Ti(C.N). The large inclusions affect the quality of the steel plate and tube greatly. As a result,this paper proposes the measures of reducing the large inclusions in the steel.     

水稻光温敏雄性核不育系45S不育基因的分子定位

水稻光温敏雄性核不育系45S的育性转换受光长和温度的互补作用调控。对45S（Oryza sativa L．ssp．indica）WC169组合的F2,BC1F1和F2和BC2F2进行不育基因的遗传分析,结果表明45S的育性是由1对隐性不育基因控制。利用SSR分子标记技术,结合BSA和RCA法,以45S与YC169的杂交F2和BC2F2作为分离群体,对不育基因进行定位,结果发现不育基因（暂命名为GTMS）位于RM6378和RM12847之间,遗传距离分别为8．5cM和8．2cM。     

棉花枯萎病菌AFLP分子标记体系的建立及初步应用

建立并优化了基于HaeⅢ/PstⅠ酶切的棉花枯萎病菌AFLP分析的最佳反应体系,并从32对引物组合中筛选出适合该反应体系的引物组合3对.应用该技术对存在于我国的棉花枯萎病菌3号、7号和8号生理小种的标准菌株进行分析,结果表明该技术能够有效地将这3个标准菌株区分开;通过该体系对来自我国4个省的20个棉花枯萎病菌菌株进行分...     

羊耳蒜遗传多样性研究中AFLP反应体系的建立与初步应用

为研究羊耳蒜种质资源遗传多样性,建立并初步应用羊耳蒜AFLP反应体系。以羊耳蒜幼嫩叶片为材料,采用常规SDS法提取基因组DNA,通过优化AFLP反应体系中的几个关键因素,建立适合羊耳蒜的AFLP银染反应体系,并利用筛选出的引物组合对羊耳蒜的遗传多样性进行初步研究。经EcoRⅠ和MseⅠ酶组合37℃酶切3 h后可将500 ng基因组DNA完全切开;酶切产物和接头经16℃连接过夜后,用带有1个选择性碱基的预扩引物和带有3个选择性碱基的选扩引物分别进行扩增,扩增产物经变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离,银染,能够得到清晰的扩增图谱。3对引物组合对8个羊耳蒜种群共185个体的扩增共得到221条条带,其中多态性条带195条,多态性条带百分率为88.24%。本研究结果表明建立的AFLP反应体系可用于羊耳蒜种质资源遗传多样性研究。     

GIS空间分析技术在棉花叶面积测定中的应用

为了快速准确的获得棉花叶面积信息,通过扫面仪获取棉花叶片和准图形的数字图像,利用GIS空间分析技术对长方形、等腰三角形、正方形和直角三角形进行面积和周长计算。结果表明,GIS法提取的面积、周长信息与准图形面积、周长之间的平均相对误差分别为0.021和0.01,远小于叶面积仪器的测量误差,说明GIS空间分析技术应用于棉花叶面积测定是切实可行的。这种方法不受叶片形状、大小、厚薄、叶片幼嫩等因素的影响,对于叶面积不大的植物,利用GIS强大的数据处理功能,可以进行批量处理。因此和其他叶面积测定方法相比,GIS空间分析技术测定叶面积具有准确、快速、数据处理量大等优点,适用于科研和生产推广使用。     

The Application of Gene Expression Programming in Concrete Creep Analysis

The creep analysis of concrete is of great importance in stress calculation and deformation analysis of concrete structures. Since many factors affect concrete creep, the creep function is highly nonlinear, making it difficult to obtain satisfactory results using the traditional regression method. The gene expression programming (GEP) method, which combines the advantages of GA and gene programming, shows great promise and capability of data mining in nonlinear fitting. Based on theoretical analysis of GEP, the data mining model of the creep function was established by using GEP. Examples indicate this model is more accurate than functions obtained by conventional methods.     

Estimates of stability for comparing varieties

Summary For purposes of comparison of analytical methods the yield data on pearl millet hybrids and varieties for five years from locations in India and Pakistan have been analysed using a regression analysis and a meanstandard deviation analysis. The results of the mean-standard deviation analysis and the regression analysis were similar whether carried out on all environments, or on the highest- and lowest-yielding sets of environments. This was substantiated by the remarkable correlation between the slopes from the regression analysis and the standard deviations whatever environmental set was considered. The validity of using a single year's across location data with the mean-standard deviation analysis, if choice-theoretic criteria are used, was examined. It is concluded that, although further confirmation is required, single-year data seem to suffice. The relative merits of the mean-standard deviation analysis and a regression analysis are discussed; the choice-theoretic framework of the mean-standard deviation analysis is advantageous and complementary to the regression analysis.     

文献计量分析在快速检索文献中的应用——以土壤氨挥发为例

为解决关注的研究领域中检索关键文献效率低的问题,本研究利用R语言bibliometrix包,以土壤氨(NH₃)挥发为例,进行文献计量分析（包括关键词共现分析、共词分析及高被引论文分析）,探索文献计量分析在Web of Science核心数据库中精确快速检索文献的方法。研究发现,第一次文献检索时,输入少量简单关键词（土壤氨挥发）,检索出来的文献数量达到3573篇,且其中的高被引论文多数与主题词关系不大。对第一次检索结果进行文献计量分析,根据关键词聚类、共词分析结果,增加了关键词进一步检索文献,进行上述过程2次后,检索的文献数目已降至160篇,其中的Top 10高被引论文与检索主题（土壤NH₃挥发）紧密相关。此时,假设需进一步精确查找关于土壤NH₃挥发与水分、温度、管理方面研究文献,再次分别增加关键词进一步检索,分别检索出26、20和28篇相关文献,且关键词及高被引论文分析结果也再次验证了方法的准确性。本研究中利用文献计量分析快速检索权威、关键文献的方法切实可行。在大数据背景下,文献计量结合R-bibliometrix工具,有助于快速、精确地检索关键文献、获取科研思路及解决方法。     

Application of Multivariate Statistics in Early-warning of Corporation Financial Crisis

This paper is focused on early warning of corporation financial crisis for the China's household electric appliance manufacturers in stock market. Firstly, using company's open-disclosed annual statements as data resource, the financial indexes system is constructed. Secondary, adopting the multivariable statistical analysis method, such as cluster, discriminate and principle component analysis, the multivariate models for the empirical study on early warning of financial crisis by making use of SPSS statistical software are set up. The corporation might discover the financial affairs crisis that shall probably arise beforehand by using the financial affairs crisis early warning system. This study and analysis may serve as reference for domestic industries and enterprises.     

电脑图象分析在油菜及其近缘植物染色体研究中的应用

作者使用电脑图象分析仪对油菜及其近缘植物的9个种、50个品种作了染色体图象分析，并将上述植物的核型数据输入贮存在电脑中，初步建立了油菜及芸苔属植物核型分析数据的电脑数据库。在此基础上，作者讨论了油菜及芸苔属植物染色体电脑图象分析和电脑数据库在油菜基础理论研究和育种实际工作中的利用价值。     

空间统计分析在作物育种品系选择中的效果

为了研究空间统计分析法在作物育种田间试验品系选择中的效果,采用剩余误差空间相关线性混合模型对一个具有56个品系的小麦育种随机区组设计田间试验产量资料进行了空间统计分析。运用地理统计学中的半变异函数法确定剩余误差空间协方差的函数。结果表明,试验的剩余误差存在着典型的空间相关性,利用剩余误差空间协方差结构的信息可降低品系效应估计的误差和提高品系效应差异F检验与t检验的效率。此外,空间分析法对品系效应估计受试验条件不均匀的影响小,可导致较经典方差分析法不同的品系排序和优系选择结果。     

质量-数量性状遗传参数估计的P1、 P2、 DH联合分析方法

本文提出利用亲本P1、 P2及其DH三个群体联合分析包括两个位点主基因控制的质量-数量性状遗传的统计方法, 共建立了五类共22个遗传模型, 进而, 可采用AIC信息准则选择最适模型, 并通过适合性检验对所选择的遗传模型做进一步的检验。     

Identification of different aromatic Chinese liquors by colorimetric artificial nose

A potential instrument, the colorimetric nose, is developed to identify the fragrances of five different Chinese liquors. Firstly, in order to minimize error, the RGB values of the raw data are preprocessed using a threshold before further analysis. The output of the artificial nose is then analyzed by hierarchical routing cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM). It is found that HCA can perform correctly classify fragrances into five different classes. However, using the first three components identified by PCA analysis, representing 80.79% of the variance, the five individual fragrances can be reliably distinguished. Finally, it also shows that the five constituent fragrant liquors can also be reliably classified with 100% accuracy by SVM. These results show that the colorimetric artificial nose, a simple and efficient detection and identification tool, has great potential to identify different constituent fragrant liquors reliably well.     

冰温鸡肉微生物基本特性的实验研究

实验测定了使用不同冰点调节剂的鸡肉的冰点,研究了鸡肉冷藏及冰温贮藏时,细菌总数和大肠菌群MPN值随时间的变化特性。结果表明,冰温能够有效抑制微生物的繁殖,延长贮藏期。     

Time-frequency Characteristic of Wavelet Base and Its Application Transient Signal Detection

The application of wavelet analysis in fault diagnosis is growing rapidly.There are many different wavelet base to use but no accepted procedure for choosing among them, the analysis results by using them have great difference. This paper describes the significant properties of wavelet base, and analysis behavior of transient signal in wavelet transform, result on some methods for how to choose wavelet base in analysis transient signal.     

田间肥效试验数据的频率分析和施肥决策

为解决农业试验统计分析软件、扬州分析器(2.2)、Excel进行回归分析建立的部分非典型性肥料效应方程推荐的施肥量出现异常偏大、偏低甚至负值,脱离当地生产实际的问题。本文应用概率理论的基本知识和频数的原理和方法,对油菜田间肥效试验数据应用频率分析法进行统计分析,得到的油菜优化施肥量产量为1732.4 kg/hm²,氮、磷、钾优化组合范围分别为210.36~149.64 kg/hm²、81.89~58.11 kg/hm²、81.89~58.11 kg/hm²,与试验地（田）和当地生产实际相吻合。本研究是在频率分析的基础上,用加权平均方法,确定各种不同产量目标的生产因素组合,将其中产量高,出现频率大（稳产）,用肥节省的组合作为优化生产措施,具有增加施肥决策信息量,减少或避免小概率事件的风险的优点。可解决肥效试验数据分析统计汇总,应用扬州分析器(2.2)、Excel、DPS等统计分析软件进行回归分析建立的部分非典型肥料效应函数推荐的施肥量和目标产量出现异常值,与当地生产实际不相符的问题。肥料效应函数方程经方差分析不显著的试验,能否应用该研究方法进行施肥决策,推荐氮、磷、钾肥料优化组合和优化施肥量产量,还需在以后的工作实践中进一步探讨。     

大豆硬脂酸-ACP脱饱和酶基因启动子的克隆及其表达活性分析

以吉豆2号基因组为模板,通过TAIL PCR方法,扩增得到大豆硬脂酸-ACP脱饱和酶基因启动子片段SACPD-Cp。PLACE在线启动子预测分析表明, 该序列中含有多种典型的种子特异性表达序列元件。将SACPD-Cp片段取代pCAMBIA1301质粒中的CaMV35S启动子,构建表达载体pCAM-SACPD-Cp,通过农杆菌介导法在大豆组织中进行瞬时表达,GUS组织化学染色和荧光定量研究其表达特性。结果表明, SACPD-Cp驱动GUS基因在种子中的表达活性是CaMV35S启动子的93.01%;SACPD-Cp启动子与现已知启动子无同源性,仅在大豆种子中检测到GUS活性,而在根、茎和叶组织中均未检测到GUS活性,证实 SACPD-Cp是一个新的种子特异性启动子。