Chemical and microbial properties of semiarid tropical soils of short-term fallows in Burkina Faso,West Africa

In the soudano–sahelian zone of Burkina Faso, the short-term fallow effect on the soil chemical and microbial properties was evaluated. In four farm experiments, two types of fallows were compared with cultivated fields: a natural vegetation fallow and a fallow enriched with Andropogon gayanus. After 5 to 7 years of experiments, soil chemical and microbial characteristics were determined in laboratory for 0–10 cm soil depth. Soil organic carbon (+64%), nitrogen (+35%), microbial biomass (+76%), basal respiration (+141%), and β-glucosidase activity (+86%) were significantly higher in fallows plots than in cultivated fields. The metabolic quotient was not significantly different on fallows compared to the cropped plots. Also, no significant difference was highlighted between natural vegetation fallows and the A. gayanus-enriched one.     

相比其他传统作物作为生物能源作物柳枝稷种植土壤上的有机碳库研究

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) has been proposed as a sustainable bioenergy crop because of its high yield potential, adaptation to marginal sites, and tolerance to water and nutrient limitations. A better understanding of the potential effects of biomass energy crop production practices on soil biological properties and organic matter dynamics is critical to its production. Our objective was to evaluate changes in C pools under a warm-season perennial switchgrass in different soils compared to typically-grown crops collected at College Station, Dallas, and Stephenville, TX in February 2001. Sampling depths were 0-5, 5-15, and 15-30 cm. Switchgrass increased soil organic C (SOC), soil microbial biomass C (SMBC), mineralizable C, and particulate organic matter C (POM-C) compared to conventional cropping systems. Soil C concentrations were in the order: long-term coastal bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]> switchgrass or kleingrass (Panicum coloratum L.) planted in 1992> switchgrass 1997> conventional cropping systems. Soil C concentrations tended to increase with increasing clay content. Greater microbial biomass C followed the order of Dallas> College Station> Stephenville, and ranged from approximately 180 mg C kg-1 soil at Stephenville to 1 900 mg C kg-1 soil at Dallas. Particulate organic C was more sensitive than other fractions to management, increasing as much as 6-fold under long-term coastal bermudagrass compared to conventional cropping systems. Our study indicated that conversion of conventional cropping systems into switchgrass production can sequestrate more SOC and improve soil biological properties in the southern USA.     

改良剂对旱地红壤微生物量碳、氮及可溶性有机碳、氮的影响

基于室内模拟培养试验,研究改良剂(生物质炭、过氧化钙)对旱地红壤微生物量碳、氮及可溶性有机碳、氮的影响。试验设置4个处理,即CK、Ca(过氧化钙,1.72g/kg)、C(生物质炭,21.46g/kg)、C+Ca。结果表明:各处理土壤微生物量碳、氮以及可溶性有机碳具有相同的变化趋势,即前期(3d内)都增加较快,在第3天达到最大值,随试验进行有所下降,配施效果优于单施。各处理可溶性有机氮在21d内缓慢增加;第21天时,C+Ca、Ca、C相比CK分别显著增加了62.1%,55.5%,40.9%;35d以后,配施(C+Ca)与单施过氧化钙(Ca)的效果显著优于单施生物质炭(C)和对照(CK)。120d培养期内,配施(C+Ca)处理能够明显提高微生物量碳、氮以及可溶性有机碳、氮的平均含量;微生物量碳的平均含量大小顺序为C+CaCCKCa,微生物量氮的平均含量C+Ca处理显著高于其他处理;可溶性有机碳的平均含量大小顺序为C+CaCaCCK,可溶性有机氮的平均含量C+Ca、Ca处理显著高于CK、C处理。微生物量碳、氮以及可溶性有机碳之间互为极显著正相关(P0.01),而微生物量碳与可溶性有机氮之间呈极显著负相关。因此,生物质炭和过氧化钙能有效提高旱地红壤微生物量碳、氮及可溶性有机碳、氮,且生物质炭与过氧化钙配合施用更有助于土壤改良。     

Options for increasing carbon sequestration in West African soils: an exploratory study with special focus on Senegal

The organic matter content of many soils in West Africa has been depleted due to overgrazing, agricultural mismanagement, deforestation and overexploitation of the natural resources. Degraded agro(eco)systems can be managed to increase carbon sinks in vegetation and soil, and to reduce carbon emissions to the atmosphere. The capacity for sequestering carbon will increase as annual precipitation increases, and generally as mean temperature decreases, provided the soil and terrain conditions are not limiting for crop (biomass) growth. The agroecological suitability of three pilot sites, proposed for soil carbon sequestration projects in Senegal, is assessed and the feasibility of various management options to increase organic carbon levels in the soil is discussed. For the future, a Land Resources Information System should be developed to consider detailed data on climate, soil and terrain conditions, status of soil degradation, and land‐use systems for West Africa. Upon its linkage to a dynamic soil carbon model and a socio‐economic module, such an integrated system can be used to assess the ecotechnological and socio‐economic potential for carbon sequestration projects in the context of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) proposed under article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. If adopted, this mechanism could confer funds to West African countries for the sustainable use and conservation of their natural resources, thereby providing economic, environmental and societal benefits for local populations, while simultaneously contributing to climate change mitigation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

土地耕作后微生物量碳和水溶性有机碳的动态特征

采用野外观测与室内模拟试验相结合的方法,研究了湿地土壤和垦殖10年的农田耕作后土壤呼吸通量、微生物量碳、土壤基础呼吸、土壤qCO2值、水溶性有机碳的动态特征。研究结果表明:小叶章湿地耕作后,土壤含水量明显下降(p<0.05);土壤CO2通量在最初的1~2 d形成一个排放高峰,农田耕作土壤CO2通量一直显著高于未耕作土壤(p<0.01)。农田土壤微生物量碳含量显著低于小叶章湿地(p<0.001)。在耕作后最初的1~3 d,湿地和农田土壤微生物量碳均没有显著的变化;之后,土壤微生物量碳迅速增加,显著高于未耕作土壤。观测时间内,耕作农田土壤微生物量碳含量始终显著高于未耕作土壤(p<0.01)。垦殖10年农田土壤耕作后,对土壤水溶性有机碳含量无显著影响。湿地耕作后,土壤水溶性有机碳迅速增加。在耕作后80 d内,土壤水溶性有机碳含量显著高于未耕作土壤(p<0.01)。之后,则低于未耕作土壤。     

加拿大一枝黄花入侵对杭州湾湿地围垦区土壤养分及活性有机碳组分的影响

加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadenis)是我国危害最严重的外来入侵植物之一,为了阐明其对入侵地生态系统的影响,以浙江省慈溪市杭州湾湿地围垦区内自然分布的加拿大一枝黄花群落和3种土著植物群落:束尾草(Phacelurus Griseb)群落、白茅(Imperata cylindrica)群落和芦苇(Phragmites australis)群落为研究对象,采用野外样地实验的方法,研究了加拿大一枝黄花入侵对土壤氮、磷和钾含量以及有效性和活性有机碳组分含量的影响。结果表明加拿大一枝黄花的入侵显著降低了土壤的p H(P0.05),对土壤全氮、全磷、全钾、有效磷、速效钾和钾含量没有显著影响(P0.01),但显著提高了碱解氮、铵态氮和硝态氮的含量(P0.01),其中加拿大一枝黄花0~10 cm土层碱解氮含量分别是束尾草、白茅和芦苇的1.72倍、2.35倍和2.00倍。加拿大一枝黄花入侵对土壤总有机质含量无显著影响(P0.01),但是却改变了活性有机碳组分,与束尾草、白茅和芦苇相比,加拿大一枝黄花群落0~10 cm表层土壤中微生物生物量碳的含量分别提高了196.72%、180.21%和41.47%;可溶性碳0~10 cm土层分别降低了27.27%、40.78%和4.00%,10~20 cm土层分别降低了41.36%、39.49%和29.63%;易氧化碳含量在两个土层中均显著降低(P0.01)。上述结果表明加拿大一枝黄花的入侵降低了土壤p H,提高了土壤氮素的有效性,改变了活性有机碳组分。     

秸秆覆盖对冬小麦农田土壤有机碳及其组分的影响

通过对黄土高原旱塬区冬小麦地4种覆盖方式下(无覆盖对照处理(CK)、全生育期9 000kg/hm~2秸秆覆盖(M1)、全生育期4 500kg/hm~2秸秆覆盖(M2)和夏闲期9 000kg/hm~2秸秆覆盖(SM))土壤的田间定位试验和室内分析,探讨不同秸秆覆方式对冬小麦地土壤有机碳及其组分含量以及各组分之间相关性的影响。结果表明:(1)较CK(无覆盖对照)处理,M1(全生育期9 000kg/hm~2)、M2(全生育期4 500kg/hm~2)和SM(夏闲期9 000kg/hm~2)处理,均显著增加0—10cm和10—20cm土层的土壤有机碳、微生物量碳、潜在矿化碳和颗粒有机碳含量(p0.05),而20—40cm土层差异不明显,其中M1(全生育期9 000kg/hm~2)处理效果最佳,SM(夏闲期9 000kg/hm~2)处理作用相对较弱。(2)不同覆盖方式影响土壤微生物量碳、潜在矿化碳和颗粒有机碳在总有机碳中的分配比例,土壤微生物量碳、潜在矿化碳和颗粒有机碳的相对含量变化范围分别为1.96%~3.31%,2.83%~3.78%,18.13%~37.25%。(3)各覆盖方式下土壤有机碳及其组分含量都随着土层的逐渐深入而下降,且土层越深,变化越趋于缓慢。(4)不同覆盖方式下的土壤有机碳及其组分含量两两之间均达到了极显著正相关关系(p0.01),颗粒有机碳、微生物量碳和潜在矿化碳与土壤有机碳的相关系数依次为:0.847,0.700,0.614,可见微生物量碳、潜在矿化碳、颗粒有机碳含量在一定程度上决定于土壤有机碳的贮存量。综上所述,秸秆覆盖对土壤有机碳及其组分含量具有增加效应,全生育期9 000kg/hm~2秸秆覆盖方式实际运用价值较高。颗粒有机碳和微生物量碳的动态变化更能反映土壤有机碳的早期变化,是土壤肥力变化更加敏感的指标。     

Soil properties and tree growth along an altitudinal transect in Ecuadorian tropical montane forest

In tropical montane forests, soil properties change with increasing altitude, and tree‐growth decreases. In a tropical montane forest in Ecuador, we determined soil and tree properties along an altitudinal transect between 1960 and 2450 m asl. In different vegetation units, all horizons of three replicate profiles at each of eight sites were sampled and height, basal area, and diameter growth of trees were recorded. We determined pH and total concentrations of Al, C, Ca, K, Mg, Mn, N, Na, P, S, Zn, polyphenols, and lignin in all soil horizons and in the mineral soil additionally the effective cation‐exchange capacity (CEC). The soils were Cambisols, Planosols, and Histosols. The concentrations of Mg, Mn, N, P, and S in the O horizons and of Al, C, and all nutrients except Ca in the A horizons correlated significantly negatively with altitude. The C : N, C : P, and C : S ratios increased, and the lignin concentrations decreased in O and A horizons with increasing altitude. Forest stature, tree basal area, and tree growth decreased with altitude. An ANOVA analysis indicated that macronutrients (e.g., N, P, Ca) and micronutrients (e.g., Mn) in the O layer and in the soil mineral A horizon were correlated with tree growth. Furthermore, lignin concentrations in the O layer and the C : N ratio in soil affected tree growth. These effects were consistent, even if the effect of altitude was accounted for in a hierarchical statistical model. This suggests a contribution of nutrient deficiencies to reduced tree growth possibly caused by reduced organic‐matter turnover at higher altitudes.     

追施不同量尿素下麦后复种油菜对耕层土壤有机碳及微生物量碳氮的影响

[目的]研究不同追施尿素量对麦后复种油菜生物产量和耕层土壤有机碳、土壤微生物量碳氮及碳库管理指数的影响,为麦后复种油菜尿素施用量提供依据。[方法]在古浪县进行小区试验,设置5个试验水平:追施尿素0,90,120,150,180kg/hm2。[结果]追肥可提高麦后复种油菜的生物产量;土壤有机碳、微生物量碳、微生物氮以及碳库管理指数均随追肥量的增加呈抛物线型变化的趋势;碳库指数和碳库管理指数的变化趋势同有机碳的变化趋势;有机碳、微生物量碳与碳库管理指数显著相关,有机碳与碳库管理指数极显著相关,微生物量碳与有机碳含量虽呈现正相关关系,但未达到显著相关性。[结论]综合油菜生物产量和土壤微生物量等指标,古浪县麦后复种油菜的施肥量以追施尿素120~150kg/hm2为宜。     

Soil chemical properties and nutritional status of trees in pure and mixed‐species stands in south Ethiopia

Interest in mixed‐species plantations in the tropics has increased because they appear to provide a wider range of options, such as yield, biodiversity, nutrient cycling, and C sequestration than pure stands. Pure stands of Pinus patula Schlecht. and Charm., Juniperus procera Hochst., and Grevillea robusta A. Cunn., and mixed stands of P. patula/G. robusta, P. patula/J. procera, and P. patula/Podocarpus falcatus R. Br. at Wondo Genet in S Ethiopia were studied to examine (1) the impact of mixed‐species plantations on soil chemical properties, and (2) the impact of mixed‐species plantations on the nutritional status of constituent trees. Soil (0–50 cm depth) and foliage samples were collected from four random plots (100 m²) in each of the pure and mixed‐species plantations. Soil samples were analyzed for organic C, N, and base cations. Foliage samples were analyzed for nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg). There were little significant differences in soil chemical properties and foliar nutrient concentrations of trees between the pure and mixed stands. Among pure stands, J. procera and G. robusta differed in soil exchangeable Ca⁺⁺ and K⁺ at 0–5 cm soil depth and in foliar P and Ca concentration. After 18 and 24 y, mixed stands did not influence soil chemical properties and tree nutrition differently than pure stands. This may be due to additive interaction in mixed‐species stands and the similarity of the constituent tree species in foliar nutrient concentration and their impact on soil chemical properties.     

土地利用方式变化对土壤养分与有机碳、氮的影响

对云南省双江县不同土地利用方式下的表层土壤进行的实地调查研究表明:随土地利用方式从自然林地(对照)变为灌丛草地、经济林地、农耕地,土壤自然含水量、pH值和水解N、速效P、速效K含量逐渐降低,且部分达到显著水平(p0.05),变化程度为农地经济林地灌草地自然林地,土壤SOC、TN含量也明显降低并达到显著水平(p0.05)(除灌草地SOC外),土壤碳密度相应减小。     

黄土丘陵区典型草地土壤有机碳及微生物量碳的分布特征

对黄土丘陵区植被恢复中柳枝稷、长芒草和白羊草这3种典型草地土壤有机碳、微生物量碳以及团聚体中有机碳的含量变化和分布特征进行了研究。结果表明,土壤中有机碳、微生物量碳以及不同粒级团聚体中有机碳均集中分布在土壤的表层;不同草地类型下有机碳的含量大小顺序为:柳枝稷草地>长芒草草地>白羊草草地;相同土层深度土壤各粒级团聚体中有机碳的分布表现为2～1mm粒级团聚体中有机碳含量明显高于其它粒级中有机碳的含量;在3种典型草地中,柳枝稷草地土壤中有机碳含量和团聚体中有机碳含量高于长芒草和白羊草草地的含量,柳枝稷草地土壤微生物量碳的含量仅低于长芒草中的含量。     

Soil organic carbon balance and nutrients (NPK) availability under treated wastewater irrigation for bioenergy sorghum production in an arid ecosystem

This column study evaluated the effects of irrigation with two water qualities (WW and FW) to produce bioenergy sorghum on SOC balance, nutrients availability and salt constituents in two soils (TX and NM) amended with gypsum & elemental sulfur (S) and un-amended. Study results indicated that SOC concentration was higher in freshwater irrigated columns (7.41 g kg^?1) than wastewater irrigated soils (7.32 g kg^?1) across growth year-soil type-amendments-depth. Soils amended with gypsum and sulfur registered significantly higher value of 7.52 and 7.41 g kg^?1 compared to 7.30 and 7.23 g kg^?1 in non-amended soils under fresh and wastewater irrigation, respectively. Lower SOC in WW irrigated columns could be due to the combined effects of increased salinity and priming effects. Although SOC content initially increased in gypsum and S amended soils to about 10g kg^?1, at the end of the study SOC in all treatments decreased to levels significantly below the pre-study. WW irrigation added 2.00, 1.10 and 4.40 times the N, P and K added by fertilizers and was able to meet 65%, 87%, and 210% of bioenergy sorghum uptake of respective nutrients. Sulfates and chlorides of sodium and calcium were dominant salts, which significantly affected SOC and nutrients.

Abbreviations: FW: freshwater; WW: treated wastewater; G + S: gypsum and elemental sulfur; NA: no amendment, TX: Texas soil and NM: New Mexico soil     

毛竹林土壤有机碳及微生物量碳特征研究

通过对湖南会同林区集约经营毛竹林地土壤有机碳和微生物量碳进行测定,结果表明,毛竹林地土壤(0-60 cm)有机碳和微生物量碳含量平均值分别为1.727%和551.84 mg/kg,不同土壤层次有机碳和微生物量碳含量差异极显著,其中,0-20 cm土层有机碳含量平均值为2.607%,分别是20-40 cm和40-60 cm土层有机碳含量的1.67倍和2.57倍;0-20 cm土层的微生物量碳占土壤总微生物量碳的58.9%,分别是20-40 cm和40-60 cm土层的2.69倍和3.08倍。不同季节间土壤微生物量碳有明显变化规律,即土壤微生物量碳含量1-7月份呈上升的趋势,7月达到最大值,8-12月份呈逐渐下降趋势;不同季节间有机碳含量差异不显著。毛竹林地土壤表层土壤微生物量熵为1.118 6%,与40-60 cm土壤层相当,略高于20-40 cm土壤层,说明毛竹林不同土壤层次有机碳积累强度相当。     

草地和农田生态系统中黑土活性有机碳的特征

为阐明植被覆盖与施肥管理综合作用下黑土活性有机碳的数量特征,探讨合理调控农田土壤质量的施肥模式。本试验以中国科学院海伦农业生态实验站长期定位试验为平台,对比和研究了草地与农田生态系统中不同施肥处理下土壤总有机碳、颗粒有机碳、微生物生物量碳、冷水提取有机碳以及热水提取有机碳数量上的差异及相互关系。结果表明:经过25年的自然恢复,草地生态系统中土壤有机碳及各活性有机碳的数量显著高于农田生态系统中的无肥处理(P<0.05)。农田生态系统中,化肥处理对农田土壤有机碳和活性有机碳的提高作用并不明显;经过长期化肥+有机肥处理后,农田土壤总有机碳与各活性组分的数量较无肥和化肥处理显著提高(P<0.05),除微生物生物量碳外,总有机碳与其他活性有机碳组分的数量均达到草地植被下的碳水平,土壤总有机碳及冷水和热水提取有机碳的含量与草地生态系统的差异不显著,颗粒有机碳含量比草地生态系统坛加43.7%。相关性分析表明,土壤有机碳总量、微生物生物量碳、冷水提取有机碳以及热水提取有机碳两两之间的相关性均达到显著或极显著水平。长期化肥与有机肥配施是提高黑土有机碳及其活性有机碳数量的有效措施。     

施肥对梁山慈竹林土壤有机碳和微生物量碳的影响

对4种施肥(条施生物有机菌肥、条施复混肥、撒施生物有机菌肥和撒施复混肥)处理后的梁山慈竹林土壤有机碳和微生物量碳进行了研究.结果表明:4种施肥处理的土壤剖面有机碳和微生物量碳含量均高于对照,分别比对照增加了17.4％～39.1％和67.9％～137.1％.施肥种类对土壤有机碳含量影响差异显著(p＜0.05),F=6.15＞F0.05(1.6),施肥方式对土壤有机碳含量影响差异不显著,F=5.72＜F0.05(1.6),二者的交互作用影响差异显著(p＜0.05),且F交互作用＞F施肥种类.施肥种类对土壤微生物量碳含量影响差异极显著(p＜0.01),施肥方式对土壤生物量碳含量影响差异显著(p＜0.05),F=23.62＞F0.01(1.6),F=10.51＞F0.05(1.6),二者的交互作用差异极显著(p＜0.01),F=38.91＞F0.01(1.6),且F交互作用＞F施肥种类.研究结果说明,适当的施肥种类配合合理的施肥方式有利于土壤有机碳和微生物量碳的提高.     

新疆艾比湖地区不同土地利用类型土壤养分及活性有机碳组分研究

土壤有机碳及其组分是土壤质量的重要指标,在土壤许多物理、化学和生物特性中发挥着重要作用。通过对我国内陆荒漠自然生态系统中新疆艾比湖地区不同土地利用类型土壤进行采样和分析,系统地研究和比较了不同土地利用类型土壤养分及有机碳组分。结果表明:新疆艾比湖不同土地利用类型土壤总孔隙度与土壤容重变化趋势相反。不同土地利用类型对土壤养分具有较大影响,土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷和全钾均呈现出一致性规律,大致表现为林地草地耕地未利用地,而不同土地利用类型土壤全磷差异并不显著(p0.05)。不同土地利用类型土壤易氧化有机碳(EOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)、轻组有机碳(LFOC)、水溶性有机碳(WSOC)、土壤微生物量碳(MBC)和微生物量氮(MBN)均呈现出一致性规律,大致表现为林地耕地草地未利用地。林地和草地EOC/SOC比例显著低于耕地和未利用地,说明林地和草地转变成耕地降低了土壤有机碳的稳定性;微生物商(MBC/SOC)基本表现为耕地林地草地未利用地,其中耕地和林地土壤MBC/SOC比例差异不显著(p0.05)。相关性分析表明,土壤活性有机碳各组分与SOC,TN,TK均具有极显著相关性关系,并且不同土地利用类型土壤EOC,POC,LFOC,WSOC和MBC含量之间均具有极显著相关性(p0.05),说明土壤活性有机碳很大程度上依赖于有机碳含量,活性有机碳各组分之间相互影响和密切联系,其中SOC,TN和TK是不同土地利用类型土壤活性有机碳变化的重要影响因子。     

冬春季多年生牧草对富营养化水体的响应及净化效果研究

在室外条件下以8种多年生牧草为材料研究其在重度富营养化水体中的生长状况及生长期间对水体氮磷的削减。结果表明,8种牧草均能适应水生环境并快速生长。经过收割后,每1m2的坦克草浮床生长期内可从水体中吸收17.5g的氮和7.5g的磷。牧草修复水体后,其作为饲料的基本指标均符合国家标准。选取室外试验中生长状况较好的4种多年生牧草进行室内模拟实验,研究其对富营养化水体的修复效应。水体TN、TP、NH4+-N、NO3--N、NO2--N、COD在植物浮床系统处理下均显著下降,坦克草处理下去除率最高,对TN、TP、NO3--N、CODMn去除率分别达64.1%,92.1%,70.7%和80.7%。多年生牧草在冬春季对富营养化水体中的氮磷具有较好的净化效果,可作为水体生态修复的优良物种而使用。     

Response of Soil Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activity to Soil Fertilization in an Eroded Farmland of Chinese Mollisols

The aims of this study were to examine interrelationships between microbial biomass and enzyme activities of soil quality and to determine their suitability for differentiating areas. The study included five simulated erosion soil depths (0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 cm), which had received contrasting fertilizer treatments over a 5-year period in an eroded black soil of northeastern China. Our results indicated that soil microbial carbon, nitrogen, urease, phosphatase, and invertase activities declined as the erosion depth increased. On the five erosion depths, soil microbial carbon, phosphatase, and invertase variation ranged as follows: 35.4–53.3, 39.8–45.2, and 55.9–67.1%, respectively. In the fertilizer + manure treatment, soil microbial carbon, nitrogen, urease, phosphatase, and invertase activities were significantly greater (P < 0.05) than those of fertilizer treatment in all five different erosion depths. Overall, this study may be considered as the foundation for soil quality evaluation and fertility restoration in northeastern China and similar regions.     

洞庭湖典型湿地土壤碳、氮和微生物碳、氮及其垂直分布

以洞庭湖3类湿地的典型剖面为代表,研究了土壤碳、氮和微生物C、N状况及其垂直分布.结果表明不同类型湿地土壤碳、氮和微生物C、N有明显差异,而且均随深度的增加而降低.湖草滩地表层有机碳、全氮含量明显高于芦苇滩地和垦殖水田.湖草滩地表层微生物碳,湖草滩地与垦殖水田接近,而远大于芦苇湿地.湖草滩地表层土壤微生物N,高于芦苇滩地和垦殖水田.土壤表层微生物C占有机碳的比例,垦殖水田高于湖草滩地,高于芦苇滩地.土壤微生物C与有机碳之间存在极显著的正相关关系(p<0.01);土壤全氮、微生物N与土壤有机碳之间存在极显著的线性相关关系(p<0.01);土壤容重与有机碳、土壤全氮和微生物生物量C、N之间呈现极显著的指数负相关关系(p<0.01);土壤<0.001 mm粘粒与有机碳、土壤全氮和微生物C、N之间呈现极显著的指数或对数正相关关系(p<0.01).