发展农业机械化推进江西省新农村建设

促进生产发展和农民增收是新农村建设的根本任务,农业机械化能够有效推进生产发展,提高农民收入.江西省是农村大省,农业发展滞后,乡村人口占62.9%.基于这种情况,论述了江西省新农村建设对农业机械化发展的客观需求,着重分析了江西省农业机械化的现状以及农业机械化在新农村建设中面临的问题,提出了发展农业机械化和推进江西省新农村建设的策略,得出了发展农业机械化可以有力推进江西省新农村建设的结论.     

论农业机械化在社会主义新农村建设中的作用

建设社会主义新农村是我国农业现代化发展进程中的重大历史任务.建设新农村的20字方针,显现了农业机械化在新农村建设中的重要地位.可见,发展农业机械化是建设社会主义新农村的技术支撑、实现农业增效和农民增收的重要手段、推进农业现代化的有力保证、实现农村经济社会发展的基本途径.     

论农业机械化在社会主义新农村建设中的作用

建设社会主义新农村是我国农业现代化发展进程中的重大历史任务。建设新农村的20字方针,显现了农业机械化在新农村建设中的重要地位。可见,发展农业机械化是建设社会主义新农村的技术支撑、实现农业增效和农民增收的重要手段、推进农业现代化的有力保证、实现农村经济社会发展的基本途径。     

铜仁地区新农村建设面临的问题及对策

铜仁地区新农村建设面临的问题主要有:当地农民对新农村建设政策、措施认识不足,积极性有待提高;农村经济发展滞后;娱乐文化缺失带来的农村社会问题;农村基础设施建设有待加强.针对这些问题的对策有:积极宣传新农村建设的各项政策、方针,并积极监督各地新农村建设的进行;加大力度推进本地区新农村建设;推进新农村文化建设活动;扎实推进农村基础设施建设.     

农业机械化为新农村建设提速

党的十六届五中全会指出,建设社会主义新农村是我国现代化建设进程中的重大历史任务,也是新时期做好"三农"工作的行动纲要.以科学发展观统领农业机械化发展全局,通过大力发展农业机械化,推进农业机械化技术和广大农民的生活方式,促进粮食增产、农业增效和农民增收,增强农业综合生产能力,促进现代农业建设,对于新时期全面推进小康社会建设,加快建设节约型社会主义新农村,推进农业和农村经济健康、可持续发展,构建社会主义和谐社会意义重大.     

社会主义新农村与农业机械化

建设社会主义新农村,是我国现代化进程中的重大历史任务,是新时期解决"三农"问题的重大举措.实施新农村建设示范行动,要坚持邓小平理论和"三个代表"重要思想为指导,以科学发展现为纲领,按"二十个字"的要求,以发展农村经济为中心任务,建设现代农业,加强农村基础设施建设,提高农业综合生产能力,加快农村经济和社会事业发展,完善农村基本经营制度,推进农村综合改革,坚持科学规划,稳步推进,创新机制,以点代面,扎实稳步推进社会主义新农村建设.     

加速推进农业机械化进程 促进社会主义新农村建设

农业机械化是农业现代化的重要标志,是农业科技进步的推进器,是农业和农村经济发展的支撑手段。加快农业机械化发展速度,提高农业机械化发展水平,对于推进农业现代化,建设社会主义新农村,实现全面建设小康社会目标具有十分重要的意义。笔者通过论述在建设社会主义新农村中,农业机械化起着基础性、先导性、载体性和保证性的巨大作用,阐明了农业机械化是农业现代化的重要内容和标志,是建设社会主义新农村的必由之路。要发挥农业机械化在建设社会主义新农村中的作用,必须正确对待目前存在的问题,并充分利用当前国家的好政策,大力发展农业机械化,推进社会主义新农村建设。     

新农村建设中应注重农业产业化的发展

农业产业化是农村改革不断深化的产物,是专业化和社会分工的结果,是小生产与大市场对接的内在要求.在新农村建设农业产业化中,要发展培育、引进、做大、做强龙头企业,大力发展农村经济组织,进一步完善市场体系建设,完善农业产业化的运行机制.     

花香自有蝴蝶舞 筑巢引来凤凰栖

电力是现代文明的标志,电力工业是重要的基础产业,大力发展电力事业对于推进社会主义新农村建设具有重要意义。无论是发展现代农业、繁荣农村经济,还是促进农村社会发展、实施城镇化战略,安全、可靠、充足、经济的电力供应都是重要的基础和保障。为推进新农村建设,电力企业积极履行社会责任,认真落实农村发展战略,结合地域特点,各显其能,为农村用电提供特色优质服务,有力地助推了农业产业化发展,加速了新农村建设的进程。     

推动民营经济反哺新农村建设的政策建议

本文阐述了民营经济建设新农村作用,并就民营经济如何参与建设新农村,提出了一系列措施,包括跳出农业发展农业,跳出农村发展农村,大力发展民营经济,走以工促农、反哺新农村共赢之路.     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。