木工机械行业基于顾客满意度的服务营销策略

传统营销一直遵循以产品为导向的营销策略,但随着行业的不断发展和顾客需求的快速变化,产品趋同和品牌优势缩小,木工机械供应商面临如何提升自身竞争力的战略问题。从产品、价格、渠道、促销、有形展示、人员和服务过程等方面,针对基于顾客满意度的服务营销策略进行探讨,对整个木工机械行业在新的市场形势下如何提高木工机械制造企业的竞争力问题有借鉴和推广意义。     

21世纪林业与木工机械产品的市场特征、制造业的发展趋势及其先进制造技术

分析了加入ＷＴＯ后我国林业与木工机械制造企业将遭遇的四个方面压力论述了现代林业机械、木工机械应具备的十大市场特征，探讨了我国林业与木工机械制造企业近期的发展趋势，指出了企业为赢得竞争应采用的生产模式及其有关的先进制造技术。     

青岛木工机械协会近日成立

青岛木工机械协会近日在青岛召开成立大会。目前青岛木工机械协会会员企业有40多家,其中青岛华顺昌木工机械制造有限公司被选举为会长单位。青岛的木工机械生产企业主要有:青岛千川木业设备有限公司、青岛建诚豪木业设备有限公司、青岛华顺昌木工机械制造有限公司、青岛新隆木工机械有限公司、青岛金方圆(木业)机械有限公司、青岛商地木工机械制造公司、青岛国森板机厂、青岛意原盛设备制造有限公司、青岛鸿巢木业设备有限公司、青岛木友机械有限公司、青岛福瑞德机械制造有限公司、青岛永强木工机械有限公司、青岛盛福机械制造有限公司、青…     

大型国营木工机械企业的扭亏策略谈

以国内外木工机械的企业发展规律为借鉴，以综合现代机械行业的最新研究动态为论据，以作者近期的考察研究成果为基础，提出了大型木工机械亏损企业的重组道路，改革模式，扭亏对策，发展出路，新产品开发策略与融资手段，营销体制，用人策略的系统理论与管理的最新研究发展趋势，并提出了大型亏损木工机械21世纪的发展方向。     

出口内销不可错过的交易平台——2009中国广州国际木工机械、家具配料展览会

“2009中国广州国际木工机械、家具配料展览会”完满落下帷幕,本届展会吸引了39222名来自家具制造、配料批发和零售、室内设计、行业协会与组织、木材和塑料加工及贸易等行业的海内外专业买家到场参观,其中国内买家30165人,海外买家9057人。中国广州国际木工机械、家具配料展览会已成为国际展商打开中国市场的最佳渠道,同时也是中国企业进军海外的一个强有力的跳板。     

木工机械与国内木制品市场热点现状与策略

前言 目前国内木工机械市场是否遭遇寒冬?本文通过分析国内木制品市场热点及企业策略,指出国内外木工机械制造企业的市场发展策略应该是(1)技术创新,国内名牌变成国际品牌;(2)扩大国际品牌设备在中国的制造基地;(3)抓住热点,开发市场新设备.     

中国木工机械制造业的国际竞争力探讨

首先阐述了我国木工机械制造业的发展现状,然后运用迈克尔.波特的钻石模型对我国木工机械制造业国际竞争力的影响因素进行了深入分析,最后提出提升我国木工机械制造业国际竞争力的几点建议。     

中国木工机械的崛起与国际地位探讨

中国木工机械的崛起将是21世纪国际木工机械行业的重大事件.到2009年,中国木工机械的GDP已经超过意大利,且超过德国的时间也将大大提前.中国木工机械制造行业在企业数量、员工人数、生产设备数量上都是世界第一,在GDP上是世界第二.中国木工机械与国外的差距主要体现在技术水平和国际市场占有率上.论述了中国木工机械迅速崛起应具备的内部条件,认为中国木工机械制造行业做大做强的时机已经到来,中国木工机械的崛起仅仅是时间问题.     

出口内销不可错过的交易平台——2009中国广州国际木工机械、家具配料展览会

2009中国广州国际木工机械、家具配料展览会圆满落下帷幕,本届展会吸引了共计39 222名来自家具制造、配料批发和零售、室内设计、行业协会与组织、木材和塑料加工及贸易等行业的海内外专业买家到场参观,其国内买家达30 165人,海外买家达9057人。中国广州国际木工机械、家具配料展览会无疑已成为国际展商打开中国市场的最佳渠道,同时也是中国企业进军海外的一个强有力的跳板。     

坚定信心 努力推进木工机械强国建设

指出行业规模迅速扩大、竞争能力显著增强、产业集群迅速崛起、行业整体走向成熟这四个重要方面彰显了我国木工机械制造大国地位的确立，对木工机械强国进行形象描述，探讨推进木工机械强国建设的途径。     

Browsing Damage on Pine (Pinus sylvestris and P. contorta) by a migrating moose (Alces alces) Population in Winter: Relation to Habitat Composition and Road Barriers

In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads.     

Effects of Root Freezing on the Physiology and Growth of Picea glauca,Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana Seedlings Under Different Soil Moisture Regimes

The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage.     

Stand Structure in Pine,Spruce and Deciduous Forests: A Comparison Between Finnish and Russian Karelia

This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland.     

Growth and Terminal Bud Formation in Picea abies Seedlings Grown with Alternating Diurnal Temperature and Different Light Qualities

The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions.     

CAD与建筑设计的关系

本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。     

Natural Regeneration in Clear-cuts: Effects of Scarification,Slash Removal and Clear-cut Age

The effects of soil scarification (mounding), slash removal and clear-cut age on the natural regeneration in clear-cuts was evaluated using data from four sites in southern Sweden. The treatments were carried out during a good seed and establishment year for birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth). Scarification had the strongest positive effect on the density of naturally regenerated seedlings, especially in birch, but also in pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst]. Slash removal had a positive effect on birch density. No statistically significant effect of clear-cut age was found. In addition, no statistically significant interactions between clear-cut age and scarification or slash removal were found. The ingrowth of field vegetation was the fastest in areas that were not scarified, less rapid in areas scarified on old clear-cuts, and the slowest after scarification in fresh clear-cuts. In conclusion, it may be possible to control the density of birch during a good establishment year for birch. If birch is desired, the best combination of treatments is to remove the slash and scarify; otherwise, these treatments should be avoided.     

Risk Perception Among Non-industrial Private Forest Owners

Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken.     

Interactions in decomposition and N mineralization between tropical legume residue components

In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts (stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea, largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols. Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its components are mixed.     

Pasture production and tree growth in a young pine plantation fertilized with inorganic fertilizers and milk sewage in northwestern Spain

The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization, (2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha⁻¹ target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha⁻¹. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha⁻¹); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha⁻¹). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea (Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m², with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral systems. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.