共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 13 毫秒
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对棕色棉细胞质雄性不育系和保持系的小孢子发生进行了细胞学观察. 结果表明,棕色棉不育系小孢子发生败育的时期是在造孢细胞增殖至小孢子母细胞进行减数分裂的整个过程中. 造孢细胞和小孢子母细胞退化导致雄性不育的主要细胞形态学特征是:造孢细胞核仁增大、细胞质液泡化和细胞形状畸形,还有因核仁物质弥散而使整个细胞染色较深;小孢子母细胞核仁穿壁普遍、多核仁、染色体行为异常、细胞互相粘连成巨型团块和液泡化,彩色棉细胞质雄性不育花药内的造孢细胞和小孢子母细胞的败育与绒毡层的过早退化密切相关. 相似文献
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We demonstrate electron-stimulated migration for carbon monoxide (CO) molecules adsorbed on the Pd(110) surface, which is initiated by the excitation of a high-frequency (HF) vibrational mode (C-O stretching mode) with inelastic tunneling electrons from the tip of scanning tunneling microscopy. The hopping phenomenon, however, cannot be detected for CO/Cu(110), even though the hopping barrier is lower than in the CO/Pd(110) case. A theoretical model, which is based on the anharmonic coupling between low-frequency modes (the hindered-translational mode related to the lateral hopping) and the HF mode combined with electron-hole pair excitation, can explain why the hopping of CO is observed on Pd(110) but not on Cu(110). 相似文献
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The role of cytoplasmic domains in the determination of the fates of ectodermal and mesodermal cells has been investigated in leech embryos. When yolk-deficient cytoplasm (teloplasm) was extruded from the animal pole of the zygote, the ectodermal precursor blastomere was converted to a mesodermal fate. This change of fate can be prevented by replacement of the extruded animal teloplasm with teloplasm from the vegetal pole. The fate of the mesodermal precursor blastomere was unaffected by teloplasm extrusion or rearrangement. These results demonstrate that ectodermal and mesodermal determination offate involves a binary decision dependent on the position of teloplasm along the animal-vegetal axis. 相似文献
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Patients with cerebellar damage are known to exhibit deficits in the temporal control of movements. We report that these deficits are restricted to discontinuous movements. Cerebellar patients exhibited no deficit in temporal variability when producing continuous, rhythmic movements. We hypothesize that the temporal properties of continuous movements are emergent and reflect the operation of other control parameters not associated with the cerebellum. In contrast, discontinuous movements require an explicit representation of the temporal goal, a function of the cerebellum. The requirement for explicit temporal representation provides a parsimonious account of cerebellar involvement in a range of tasks. 相似文献
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Prenatal cerebral development: effect of restricted diet, reversal by growth hormone 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Caloric restriction of rats from day 10 to day 20 of pregnancy results in significant decreases in body weight, placental weight, cerebral weight, cerebral DNA, and cerebral protein of the offspring at birth. These decreases did not usually occur if mothers on the restricted diet were treated concomitantly with bovine growth hormone. If growth hormone did not cross the placenta, then, it is postulated, at least one effect of growth hormone was the mobilization of maternal nutrient reserves. 相似文献
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基于转录组测序对紫花苜蓿细胞质雄性不育系相关代谢通路的鉴定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
【目的】研究紫花苜蓿(Medicago sative L.)细胞质雄性不育(CMS)的机理,为紫花苜蓿利用不育系的育种工作提供理论基础。【方法】本研究以紫花苜蓿细胞质雄性不育系MSGN1A及其保持系MSGN1B为材料,进行转录组测序(RNA-Seq)以及基因功能注释,筛选与不育系机理相关的差异表达基因及代谢通路。【结果】Illumina测序共得到紫花苜蓿95 679条功能基因,经过差异表达分析筛选出187个显著差异表达的基因(DEGs),其中包括18个上调基因,169个下调基因。采用GO、KEGG、COG注释库分别对187个DEGs进行功能注释,其主要涉及催化活性、代谢活动、信号传导机制、合成、膜功能、碳水化合物运输和代谢、能量代谢等相关通路。【结论】筛选出与紫花苜蓿细胞质雄性不育性相关的代谢通路,初步探讨了紫花苜蓿细胞质雄性不育系的分子机理。 相似文献
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Onoa B Dumont S Liphardt J Smith SB Tinoco I Bustamante C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5614):1892-1895
Mechanical unfolding trajectories for single molecules of the Tetrahymena thermophila ribozyme display eight intermediates corresponding to discrete kinetic barriers that oppose mechanical unfolding with lifetimes of seconds and rupture forces between 10 and 30 piconewtons. Barriers are magnesium dependent and correspond to known intra- and interdomain interactions. Several barrier structures are "brittle," breakage requiring high forces but small (1 to 3 nanometers) deformations. Barrier crossing is stochastic, leading to variable unfolding paths. The response of complex RNA structures to locally applied mechanical forces may be analogous to the responses of RNA during translation, messenger RNA export from the nucleus, and viral replication. 相似文献
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Voyager stereoimages of Euboea Montes, Io, indicate that this mountain formed when a large crustal block was uplifted 10.5 kilometers and tilted by approximately 6 degrees. Uplift triggered a massive slope failure on the northwest flank, forming one of the largest debris aprons in the solar system. This slope failure probably involved relatively unconsolidated layers totaling approximately 2 kilometers in thickness, overlying a rigid crust (or lithosphere) at least 11 kilometers thick. Mountain formation on Io may involve localized deep-rooted thrust faulting and block rotation, due to compression at depth induced during vertical recycling of Io's crust. 相似文献
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Cnidocyte mechanoreceptors are tuned to the movements of swimming prey by chemoreceptors 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Cnidocytes, the stinging cells of cnidarians, discharge nematocysts in response to physical contact accompanied by the stimulation of specific chemoreceptors. Cnidocytes in fishing tentacles of a sea anemone are now found to discharge nematocysts preferentially into targets vibrating at 30, 55, and 65 to 75 hertz. Moreover, in the presence of submicromolar concentrations of known chemosensitizers, such as N-acetylated sugars and mucin, these optima shift to 5, 15, 30, and 40 hertz, frequencies that correspond to the movements of swimming prey. Hence, chemoreceptors for these substances tune cnidocyte mechanoreceptors to frequencies that match the movements of the prey. 相似文献
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Using a new technique for injecting fluorescent dye, we have analyzed the intraganglionic architectutre of the lateral giant interneuron in crayfish. Each lateral giant interneuron comprises a giant axon, an ipsilateral dendritic arborization of fairly constant form, and a contralateral soma. Antidromic axon spikes produce only, small, electronic potentials in the soma; direct depolarization there fails to produce electrically excitable membrane responses and cannot discharge the main axon. 相似文献
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Huang GN Huso DL Bouyain S Tu J McCorkell KA May MJ Zhu Y Lutz M Collins S Dehoff M Kang S Whartenby K Powell J Leahy D Worley PF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5862):476-481
T cell receptor (TCR) and costimulatory receptor (CD28) signals cooperate in activating T cells, although understanding of how these pathways are themselves regulated is incomplete. We found that Homer2 and Homer3, members of the Homer family of cytoplasmic scaffolding proteins, are negative regulators of T cell activation. This is achieved through binding of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and by competing with calcineurin. Homer-NFAT binding was also antagonized by active serine-threonine kinase AKT, thereby enhancing TCR signaling via calcineurin-dependent dephosphorylation of NFAT. This corresponded with changes in cytokine expression and an increase in effector-memory T cell populations in Homer-deficient mice, which also developed autoimmune-like pathology. These results demonstrate a further means by which costimulatory signals are regulated to control self-reactivity. 相似文献
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以甘蓝型油菜恢复系CP015和不育系77A构建的F2群体为供试材料,运用RAPD,SSR和AFLP 3种标记技术,对甘蓝型油菜恢复基因进行分子标记和图谱定位。在260条RAPD引物、185对SSR引物、58对AFLP引物中,在两亲本间筛选多态性高的RAPD引物121条,SSR引物128对,AFLP引物组合26对,进一步通过BSA法筛选,获得了与甘蓝型油菜恢复基因Rf连锁的1个RAPD标记S1009-750和1个AFLP标记E5M11-150,标记与基因Rf之间的遗传距离分别为4.9cM和8.6cM。 相似文献
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在辐射诱发DNA单链与双链断裂问题的研究中,迄今为止的主要理论——靶学说与击中理论,存在缺少修复机制等缺点,而Chadwick的理论仍属半经验性的.本文在Hug与Kellerer基本思想的基础上,发展了一个辐射诱发含修复DNA单、双链断裂的随机动力学理论,建立了随机动力学微分方程组数学模型. 相似文献
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利用分子标记技术克隆菜薹雄性不育基因,为利用菜薹不育性提供依据.采用间源序列的候选基因法,通过检索NCBI核酸数据库,获得细胞质雄性不育(CMS)相关的基因或开放读码框序列.根据保守区设计1对特异引物.对不育系和保持系的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增.结果表明:特异引物在不育系中扩增出1条675 bp的片段.序列分析表明该片段与Pol型胞质不育orf224基因同源性为100%.CMS特异扩增结果证明试验所用的菜薹其不育类型为胞质Pol型. 相似文献