单纯疱疹病毒脑炎模型的研究

对单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)感染小鼠致病特点进行了观察,小鼠感染HSV第3天后开始发病,感染后第2天脑内可检测出病毒核酸,第3天脑内可分离出病毒,第4天病毒滴度达到高峰,发病2天内死亡。电镜观察感染鼠脑内组织出现超微结构改变,并可找到病毒颗粒。结果说明所建立的HSV脑炎模型可用于评价抗HSV药物。     

疱疹病毒对新生幼犬的危害

从病原学、流行病学、发病症状、临床病理、诊断等方面论述了疱疹病毒对新生幼犬的严重危害,早期感染可致败血症,死亡率在头三周达75%。采取有效的预防措施和治疗方法后,大大降低死亡率。     

兰州市宠物犬人兽共患寄生虫感染情况调查

对2008年5月~2009年8月前来兰州卡贝芝宠物医院和兰州伊宝康动物医院就诊和注射疫苗的犬,采用肛门直接采集和自然排便相结合的方法采集粪便256份、同时随机采集血清134份,通过实验室检查,最终检出龚地弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii)、华支睾吸虫(C.sinensis)、细粒棘球绦虫(E.granulosus)、犬复孔绦虫(D.caninum)、泡状带绦虫(T.hydatigena)5种人兽共患寄生虫的抗体、虫卵或虫体。首次发现兰州市宠物犬感染华支睾吸虫,其成年犬感染率为3.92%;弓形虫感染率成年犬达11.76%、幼年犬达9.75%;绦虫平均感染率成年犬达7.84%、幼年犬达7.32%。     

Two Akabane virus glycoprotein Gc domains induce neutralizing antibodies in mice

Akabane virus (AKAV), belonging to the genus Orthobunyavirus and family Peribunyaviridae, causes reproductive and congenital abnormalities in ruminants. Its envelope glycoprotein Gc is a neutralizing antigen, on which at least five distinct antigenic regions have been identified. We attempted to identify the domains using truncated recombinant AKAV Gc proteins expressed in Escherichia coli and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with AKAV-neutralizing activity. Dot blot analysis revealed that amino acid positions 1–97 and 189–397 (Gc_1–97 and Gc_189–397) in the truncated recombinant proteins reacted with the mAbs. Additionally, AKAV was neutralized by sera from mice immunized with these recombinant proteins. The results suggested that the two domains contain neutralizing epitopes and could be potential subunit vaccines against AKAV.     

Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒糖蛋白D在杆状病毒表达系统中的表达

以Ⅱ亚单纯疱疹毒-2333株(HSV-2)的基因组DNA为模板扩增编码HSV-2糖蛋白D(glyco-protein D)基因,与载体pFastBacⅠ连接,转化E.coilDH5α感受态细胞,经PCR及测序鉴定正确。将pFastBacⅠ-gD重组质粒转座至DH10Bac获得重组穿梭质粒,转染Sf9昆虫细胞,获得重组杆状病毒。重组杆状病毒感染Sf9细胞表达重组蛋白,经对表达条件进行优化,SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定,成功表达HSV-2 gD蛋白,为下一步的工作奠定了基础。     

普通棉耳狨猴副粘病毒自然感染的研究

对一个狨猴实验室中暴发急性呼吸道疾病进行了病因调查，通过对动物剖检，病毒分离、电子显微镜检查和血凝及血凝抑制试验和动物感染实验。确定其病原是副流感病毒Ⅰ型（仙台病毒）。从而确定动物死亡原因是病毒引起肺炎感染造成。     

Systemic Mycobacteriosis in an Aborted Thoroughbred Fetus in Japan

A male Thoroughbred fetus was aborted on day 251 of pregnancy. Gross and histological examinations detected systemic granulomatous lesions in many superficial and visceral lymph nodes and organs including the liver, tonsils, lungs, thymus, spleen, right thyroid gland and gastrointestinal tract, and suppurative placentitis, pyogranulomatous amnionitis and intralesional acid-fast bacilli were also detected. An examination of the DNA base sequence of the β subunit of RNA polymerase demonstrated that Mycobacterium avium strain 104 had infected several organs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of equine fetal mycobacterial infection in Japan.     

用限制性内切酶技术区别B病毒与单纯疱疹病毒1型和2型

进一步从基因组水平鉴定B病毒147株的实质。采用Hirt上清法从BV147、HSV－1、HSV－2感染细胞中提取病毒基因组并用BamHI进行酶切，电泳。结果所获得的BV147的BamHI图谱与国外报道的基本一致。进一步证实了新分离的病毒是B病毒，并为克隆B病毒的基因组、构建其物理图谱奠定了基础。     

Evaluation of the transmission risk of foot-and-mouth disease in Japan

The transmission risk of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Japan was evaluated using a mathematical FMD transmission model. The distance-based transmission rate between farms, which was parameterized using the FMD epidemic data in 2010 in Japan, was used to calculate the local-level reproduction numbers—expected numbers of secondary infections caused by one infected farm—for all cattle and pig farms in the country, which were then visualized as a risk map. The risk map demonstrated the spatial heterogeneity of transmission risk in the country and identified risk areas with higher possibility of disease spread. This result suggests that, particularly in high-risk areas, it is important to prepare for the smooth and efficient implementation of control measures against FMD outbreaks.     

DNA-based detection of Leptospira wolffii,Giardia intestinalis and Toxoplasma gondii in environmental feces of wild animals in Korea

Leptospira, Giardia intestinalis and Toxoplasma gondii infections are reported in humans and animals worldwide, but molecular surveillance of these pathogens in Korean wildlife is still limited. Here, we examined the prevalence of these pathogens in environmental feces of Eurasian otters, leopard cats and raccoon dogs using nested PCR followed by DNA sequencing. G. intestinalis was detected in all of three animals, while T. gondii was detected only in leopard cats. Leptospira wolffii was detected in raccoon dog and Eurasian otter. Our results suggest that these animals can act as a reservoir of these zoonotic pathogens. Consistent monitoring of these pathogens in wildlife is needed to prevent from their infections in humans and livestock in Korea.     

Suppression of influenza virus infection by the orf virus isolated in Taiwan

Orf virus (ORFV), a member of parapoxvirus, is an enveloped virus with genome of double-stranded DNA. ORFV causes contagious pustular dermatitis or contagious ecthyma in sheep and goats worldwide. In general, detection of viral DNA and observing ORFV virion in tissues of afflicted animals are two methods commonly used for diagnosis of orf infection; however, isolation of the ORFV in cell culture using virus-containing tissue as inoculum is known to be difficult. In this work, the ORFV (Hoping strain) isolated in central Taiwan was successfully grown in cell culture. We further examined the biochemical characteristic of our isolate, including viral genotyping, viral mRNA and protein expression. By electron microscopy, one unique form of viral particle from ORFV infected cellular lysate was demonstrated in the negative-stained field. Moreover, immunomodulating and anti-influenza virus properties of this ORFV were investigated. ORFV stimulated human monocytes (THP-1) secreting proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α. And, pre-treatment of ORFV-infected cell medium prevents A549 cells from subsequent type A influenza virus (IAV) infection. Similarly, mice infected with ORFV via both intramuscular and subcutaneous routes at two days prior to IAV infection significantly decreased the replication of IAV. In summary, the results of a current study indicated our Hoping strain harbors the immune modulator property; with such a bio-adjuvanticity, we further proved that pre-exposure of ORFV protects animals from subsequent IAV infection.     

两株1型鸭甲肝病毒山东分离株的鉴定与致病性分析

鸭病毒性肝炎(DVH)是危害雏鸭的一种急性高度致死性传染病,引发DVH的主要病原体为鸭甲肝病毒(DHAV),其中1型鸭肝炎病毒在中国各省流行最广.本研究于2018年从山东某养鸭场的病料中分离得到两株DHAV,经分子生物学鉴定、序列比对和进化树分析,鉴定引起雏鸭患病的病原体为DHAV-1.经过纯化后,对SPF雏鸭进行致病...     

Acquired Fanconi syndrome in a dog exposed to jerky treats in Japan

A 6-year-old spayed female Jack Russell Terrier presented with a 1-month history of lethargy, anorexia, vomiting and weight loss. The dog was fed beef and chicken jerky treats daily in addition to a commercial diet. Laboratory tests revealed azotemia, hypokalemia, hyperchloremia, metabolic acidosis and glucosuria with normoglycemia. Urine amino acid analysis showed significant amino acid loss into the urine. Thus, Fanconi syndrome was diagnosed, and based on the case history and extensive diagnostic testing, excessive consumption of jerky treats was strongly suspected as the cause. Glucosuria resolved 7 days after the withdrawal of jerky treats and fluid therapy. Aminoaciduria was substantially, but not completely, improved 3 months after diagnosis. Mild azotemia remained, suggesting chronic renal disease. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Fanconi syndrome following the consumption of jerky treats in Japan.