兔IL-6基因真核表达载体的构建及其对pcDNA-VP60DNA疫苗佐剂效应研究

为研究兔白介素6（interleukin6,IL-6）真核表达质粒（pcDNA-IL-6）对核酸疫苗免疫效果的影响,本文构建了真核表达质粒pcDNA-IL-6,并将其与核酸疫苗pcDNA-VP60联合免疫家兔,以pcDNA-VP60和质粒载体pcDNA3．1（＋）作对照,用血凝抑制试验检测试验兔体内特异性抗体水平。结果表明：真核重组质粒pcDNA-IL-6对重组质粒pcDNA-VP60均具有免疫增强作用,从免疫后7d到70d,pcDNA-VP60／pcDNA-IL6联合免疫组抗体水平均高于pcDNA-VP60免疫组,差异具有显著统计学意义。     

兔出血症病毒TP株VP60基因DNA免疫小鼠的实验研究

为评价兔出血症病毒(RHDV)VP60基因在小鼠体内诱导产生体液免疫和细胞免疫情况,本研究构建了RHDV VP60基因的真核表达质粒pcDNA-VP60,并将其免疫小鼠。利用ELISA方法检测特异性抗体和小鼠外周血细胞因子水平,MTT法和流式细胞术(FACS)检测小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞增殖情况和T淋巴细胞亚群的动态变化。抗体检测结果显示,重组质粒免疫组抗体水平在免疫后5周～6周达到峰值,而且与对照组比较差异显著(p<0.05);细胞因子检测结果显示,重组质粒免疫组血清中IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4因子水平随免疫时间延长而升高,并且能够维持较高水平,与对照组比较差异显著(p<0.05);T淋巴细胞检测结果显示,重组质粒免疫组T淋巴细胞明显增殖,CD4+T淋巴细胞数量免疫后明显增高,与对照组比较差异显著(p<0.05);所有检测指标显示重组质粒免疫组和灭活苗免疫组比较均无显著差异(p>0.05)。以上结果表明pcDNA-VP60重组质粒可以诱导小鼠产生特异性体液免疫和细胞免疫,为研制预防兔病毒性出血症的候选DNA疫苗提供了实验依据。     

融合表达猪圆环病毒2型ORF1和ORF2基因真核质粒的构建及对小鼠的免疫原性

用PCR法扩增出猪圆环病毒2型的Rep蛋白基因（933bp）和Cap蛋白基因（705bp）,将其定向克隆于真核表达载体pcDNA3.1（＋）的多克隆位点上,构建真核表达质粒pcDNA-ORF1-ORF2。将构建好的重组质粒pcD-NA-ORF1-ORF2按100μg/只腿部肌肉注射BALB/c小白鼠,同时设pcDNA-ORF1、pcDNA-ORF2、pcDNA3.1-（＋）、PCV2全毒疫苗和PBS为对照,共免疫2次,间隔2周。分别于首免后第0、7、14、21、28、42天用MTT法检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖效应,用ELISA法检测小鼠的抗体水平;并于首免后第0、7、14、21、28天测定脾淋巴细胞中各细胞亚群的比例,对该核酸疫苗的免疫原性进行初步评价。结果显示,重组质粒能诱导鼠体产生较强的细胞免疫和体液免疫,并从免疫后第7天起所测各组数据均显著高于（P〈0.05）或极显著高于（P〈0.01）其他试验组。结果表明,将ORF1和ORF2基因共同用于PCV2核酸疫苗的研发具有很好的前景,为研究新型猪圆环病毒疫苗奠定了基础。     

猪IL-2对pcDNA—E39．VP2真核共表达质粒免疫原性的影响

为了研究猪IL-2基因的真核质粒和融合基因形式对pcDNA—E39．VP2真核共表达质粒的免疫增强作用,分别将IL-2基因插入pcDNA3．1（＋）和pcDNA—E39．VP2（已构建）中构建重组质粒pcDNA-IL2和pcDNA-IL2-E39．VP2。将真核质粒pcDNA-IL2-E39．VP2免疫小鼠,另外,将pcDNA—IL2分别先于和后于pcDNA-E39．VP23d免疫小鼠,同时设pcDNA-E39．VP2对照组。对免疫小鼠进行PPV（JEV）抗体水平、脾脏淋巴细胞增殖功能和外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化的检测。结果显示,1周后,pcDNA-IL2-E39．VP2免疫组和pcDNA—IL2后于pcDNA—E39．VP注射的免疫组JEV／PPV抗体水平和脾脏淋巴细胞增殖活性显著（P〈0．05）或极显著（P〈0．01）高于对照组,pcDNA-IL2先于pcDNA—E39．VP注射的免疫组仅在第5周显著（P〈0．05）高于对照组;各组（除对照组外）CD8^＋值差异不显著（P〉0．05）,CD4^＋、CD4／cD8值都高于对照组,其中pcDNA-IL2-E39．VP2免疫组与对照组差异极显著（P〈0．01）。结果表明,IL-2能增强pcDNA-E39．VP诱导小鼠的免疫能力,且以融合基因形式构建的真核质粒免疫增强效果最明显。     

基因枪与肌肉注射猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒ORF5基因疫苗诱导小鼠体液及细胞免疫的比较研究

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒ORF5基因疫苗（pcDNA—PRRSV—ORF5）以不同免疫途径（基因枪和肌肉注射）免疫BALB／c小鼠，以PBS和空载质粒pcDNA3．1（＋）为对照，采用流式细胞仪（FACS）、淋巴细胞增殖试验（MTT法）及间接ELISA试验分别对小鼠外周血中CD4^＋、CD8^＋T淋巴细胞数、T淋巴细胞的转化功能及小鼠血清中特异性PRRSV血清抗体IgG动态变化进行了检测。结果表明，pcDNA—PRRSV-ORF5基因疫苗接种小鼠后外周血对ConA有明显的反应性，试验组与对照组比较差异极显著（P〈0．01）或显著（P〈0．05），CD4^＋T淋巴细胞数在免疫后7d高于对照组（P〈0．01），CD8^＋T淋巴细胞在免疫后28d高于对照组，不同途径基因疫苗接种小鼠后均诱导小鼠产生PRRSV特异性IgG。在诱导细胞免疫方面，基因枪和肌肉注射各组间无明显差异；在诱导体液免疫方面，基因枪法优于肌肉注射。研究表明制备的pcDNA—PRRSV—ORF5基因疫苗免疫小鼠能够诱导其机体产生良好的体液和细胞免疫应答，基因枪法较肌肉注射更能诱导体液免疫应答的产生。     

IL-2和绵羊梅迪-维斯纳病病毒核心蛋白Gag核酸疫苗联合免疫小鼠的免疫应答

构建绵羊梅迪-维斯纳病病毒（MVV）核心蛋白Gag核酸疫苗并与IL．2联合免疫小鼠，为评价其诱导的体液和细胞免疫应答。将MVVgag基因与羊IL-2基因分别插入到核酸疫苗载体质粒pcDNA5．0中，构建真核表达质粒pcDNA5．0-Gag和pcDNA5.0-IL-2，并经酶切以及测序鉴定。分别用阳性质粒pcDNA5．0-Gag、空载体pcDNA5．0及pcDNA5．0-Gag和pcDNA5．0-IL-2共免疫BALB／C小鼠，采用ELISA检测免疫小鼠的特异性抗体以及IFN-γ和IL-4水平，用MTT比色法检测免疫小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖。结果表明pcDNA5．0-IL-2联合免疫组小鼠血清抗体效价和IFN-γ、IL-4水平高于pcDNA5．0-Gag免疫组，与空载体pcDNA5．0对照组相比有显著差异（P〈0．01）。且pcDNA5．0-Gag单独免疫组及与IL-2联合免疫组小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的刺激指数均高于空载体pcDNA5．0对照组。因此，构建真核表达质粒pcDNA5．0-Gag和pcDNA5．0-IL-2，用其联合免疫BALB／C小鼠所诱导的免疫反应以特异性细胞免疫应答为主，同时可产生体液免疫，且IL-2发挥了免疫佐剂的作用，为进一步将其用于MVV的防治奠定了基础。     

牛分枝杆菌esat-6和mpb70-mpb83基因DNA疫苗的免疫效果

用PCR技术和重叠延伸剪接技术获得牛分枝杆菌esat-6基因和mpb70-mpb83融合基因，连接真核表达载体pcDNA3．1（＋），构建了重组质粒pCE6和pC70-83-E6。分4组免疫小鼠：pCE6组、pC70—83-E6组、pcDNA3．1（＋）和PBS对照组，采用间接EI。ISA法检测免疫小鼠血清特异性抗体水平，MTT法检测免疫小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖情况和IFN—y分泌情况。结果表明，2重组质粒免疫组小鼠的血清抗体水平持续上升，而2对照组始终维持在较低水平，且pC70-83-E6组小鼠的抗体水平高于pCE6组。经PPD刺激后，pCE6组和pC70—83-E6组小鼠的SI值与2对照组均差异显著（P〈0．05），2重组质粒免疫组间差异不显著（P〉0．05）；2重组质粒免疫小鼠脾细胞产生的IFN—y均显著高于2对照组（P〈0．05），且pC70-83-E6组明显高于其他3组（P〈0．05）。证实本试验构建的2种牛分枝杆菌DNA疫苗可有效诱导实验动物产生体液免疫和细胞免疫应答。     

猪伪狂犬病病毒gD核酸疫苗构建及IL-15基因佐剂对其免疫增强试验

运用PCR技术扩增出伪狂犬病病毒糖蛋白gD基因,将该基因定向克隆于真核表达载体pcDNA3.1+、pCI-neo中,命名重组质粒为pcD-gD、pCI-gD.以小鼠为动物模型,对构建的基因疫苗进行免疫原性的初步评价.为了证明细胞因子是否能增强基因疫苗的免疫效力,本试验用IL-15的表达质粒联合pcD-gD、pCI-gD免疫.结果表明,重组质粒组主要提高细胞免疫水平,特别是联合组中的CD8~+相对其他组别较高.重组质粒在体液免疫方面没有表现出优势,抗体滴度达不到阳性对照组的水平,但是整个抗体水平相对稳定,提示DNA疫苗诱导的抗体维持时间较长.     

猪IL-2真核表达质粒构建及对PRRSV-ORF5基因疫苗免疫佐剂作用的研究

本研究应用真核表达载体pcDNA3.1（＋）和猪白细胞介素2（IL-2）基因成功构建了IL-2的真核表达质粒（pcDNA-IL-2）,探讨了pcDNA-IL-2作为分子免疫佐剂对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）ORF5基因疫苗（pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5）免疫猪的增强作用。经间接ELISA法、MTT比色法及流式细胞仪分别对pcDNA-IL-2与pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5共同免疫猪、pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5单独免疫猪、pcDNA3.1（＋）空载体和灭菌水免疫对照猪的血清抗PRRSV抗体IgG、外周血T淋巴细胞的增殖活性、CD4^＋和CD8^＋细胞比例进行检测,结果表明pcDNA-IL-2与pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5共同免疫猪的IgG含量、外周血T淋巴细胞的增殖活性、CD4^＋和CD8^＋细胞比例与pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5单独免疫猪相比有显著差异（P〈0.05）。说明pcDNA-IL-2能显著增强pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5基因疫苗免疫猪的体液和细胞免疫应答,可作为PRRSV基因疫苗的良好佐剂。     

鸡β-防御素-1对鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒VP2基因DNA疫苗的免疫佐剂作用

本文旨在研究鸡β-防御素-1(AvBD1)对鸡IBDVVP2基因DNA疫苗的免疫佐剂作用。通过基因工程技术,构建真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1(+)-AvBD1与pcDNA3.1(+)-VP2。14日龄岭南黄肉鸡随机分成5组,分别免疫PBS、空质粒载体pcDNA3.1(+)、重组质粒pcDNA3.1(+)-VP2、重组质粒pcDNA3.1(+)-AvBD1与pcD-NA3.1(+)-VP2联合免疫、IBD弱毒苗。收集免疫后不同时期的外周血血清样本,用ELISA方法检测血清中IB-DV VP2特异性抗体水平,通过流式细胞仪检测CD3+、CD4+与CD8+T淋巴细胞的含量。结果表明,联合免疫组(即pcDNA3.1(+)-AvBD1与pcDNA3.1(+)-VP2共同免疫)VP2特异性抗体水平显著高于其他组;单独免疫质粒pcDNA3.1(+)-VP2组VP2特异性抗体水平与免疫IBD弱毒苗组相当,显著高于PBS组与空质粒载体pcD-NA3.1(+)组。在二免后第7天,联合免疫组外周血中CD3+、CD4+与CD8+T淋巴细胞的含量也显著高于单独免疫质粒pcDNA3.1(+)-VP2组,其它时间无显著性差异。IBDV攻毒...     

Construction and Identification of Cell Penetrating Peptides VP22 Gene Fused with Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein and Three Antigens of Toxoplasma gondii

To study a novel vaccine of Toxoplasma gondii,the recombinant plasmids that cell penetrating peptides VP22 gene fused with one enhanced green fluorescent protein（EGFP)(pcDNA-VP22-EGFP)and three antigens of T.gondii（pcDNA-VP22-SAG1,pcDNA-VP22-GRA4 and pcDNA-VP22-AMA1）were constructed,respectively.The recombinant plasmids were identified by PCR,restriction endonuclease digestion and DNA sequencing.The pcDNA-VP22-EGFP plasmid was transfected into COS7 cells,and the expression of VP22-EGFP in COS7 cells was confirmed by fluorescence microscope and RT-PCR.The results showed that all recombinant plasmid were constructed correctly.Green fluorescence was observed successfully under the fluorescence microscope in transfected cells after 72 h.The gene fragment of 1 449 bp was obtained by RT-PCR.The results indicated that the recombinant plasmids were constructed successfully.     

VP22与EGFP、3种弓形虫抗原融合表达重组质粒的构建与鉴定

为了探索新型弓形虫疫苗的传递系统,本试验分别构建了细胞渗透肽VP22与增强型绿色荧光蛋白（EGFP）融合表达的重组质粒（pcDNA-VP22-EGFP）,以及细胞渗透肽VP22与3种弓形虫抗原融合表达的重组质粒（pcDNA-VP22-SAG1、pcDNA-VP22-GRA4、pcDNA-VP22-AMA1）。经PCR鉴定、酶切鉴定和序列测定后,将重组质粒pcDNA-VP22-EGFP转染COS7细胞,通过荧光显微镜和RT-PCR检测,验证VP22-EGFP基因在COS7细胞中的表达情况。PCR鉴定、酶切鉴定和序列测定结果显示所有重组质粒均构建正确。转染72 h后的细胞,在荧光显微镜下成功观察到绿色荧光。RT-PCR扩增得到了大小为1 449 bp的目的条带,与预期结果一致。结果表明,重组质粒构建成功。     

兔出血症病毒VP60蛋白真核表达及其免疫原性研究

将兔出血症病毒(Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus,RHDV)衣壳蛋白VP60基因,克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)中,构建pcDNA-VP60,并将其转染Vero细胞.间接免疫荧光(indirect immunofluorescence assay,IFA)检测pcDNA-VP60在细胞中的表达情况,同时将pcDNA-VP60免疫实验兔,观察血清中特异性抗体变化情况.试验结果表明,本文构建的pcDNA-VP60不仅能在Vero细胞中表达VP60蛋白,而且能够诱导机体产生免疫应答.     

传染性法氏囊病病毒VP2与C3d串联基因重组表达质粒的构建及其免疫功能研究

为提高传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)VP2基因核酸疫苗的免疫效力,本研究根据已发表的鸡源补体C3d序列,设计并合成在5’端添加编码连接肽(Gly4Ser)2序列的C3d基因。用同尾酶BglⅡ和BamHⅠ构建含有3拷贝C3d与VP2基因融合的重组表达质粒pcDNA-VP2-3C3d。用脂质体法转染BHK21细胞,48 h后,westernblot分析表明,表达的重组蛋白为162 ku;间接免疫荧光试验检测转染细胞中具有特异性荧光。用pcDNA-VP2-3C3d与前期构建的pcDNA-VP2分别免疫2周龄SPF鸡,二免14 d后,间接ELISA法检测IBDV抗体效价,pcDNA-VP2-3C3d组抗体水平显著高于pcDNA-VP2组;MTT法检测鸡脾淋巴细胞增殖活性,pcDNA-VP2-3C3d组免疫诱导的特异性淋巴细胞增殖活性显著高于pcDNA-VP2组(p<0.05)。本研究表明C3d可以增强VP2基因免疫诱导的IBDV特异性体液和细胞免疫应答。     

D型产气荚膜梭菌ε毒素基因表达及其免疫保护作用的初步研究

利用PCR技术,从D型产气荚膜梭菌标准株(C60-2)染色体DNA中扩增出ε毒素基因。该基因产物大小为906 bp,序列分析结果表明,与GenBank报道的产气荚膜梭菌参考菌株ε毒素基因序列同源性大于99%。将扩增的ε毒素基因定向克隆到原核表达载体pET32a中,得到重组质粒pET32a-ETX,将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)plys中,经IPTG诱导后,SDS-PAGE分析可见大小为54 ku的特异条带;经Western blotting和ELISA检测结果表明,表达的ε毒素能与抗天然ε毒素抗体发生特异性反应,说明ε毒素蛋白具有较好的反应原性。将表达的ε毒素蛋白用0.4%的甲醛溶液制成类毒素疫苗,免疫小鼠后,具有一定的保护力,这表明该重组菌株有望成为产气荚膜梭菌基因工程类毒素疫苗的候选菌株。     

Protection of chicken against very virulent IBDV provided by in ovo priming with DNA vaccine and boosting with killed vaccine and the adjuvant effects of plasmid-encoded chicken interleukin-2 and interferon-��

The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of in ovo prime-boost vaccination against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) using a DNA vaccine to prime in ovo followed by a killed-vaccine boost post hatching. In addition, the adjuvant effects of plasmid-encoded chicken interleukin-2 and chicken interferon-γ were tested in conjunction with the vaccine. A plasmid DNA vaccine (pcDNA-VP243) encoding the VP2, VP4, and VP3 proteins of the very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) SH/92 strain was injected into the amniotic sac alone or in combination with a plasmid encoding chicken IL-2 (ChIL-2) or chicken IFN-γ (ChIFN-γ) at embryonation day 18, followed by an intramuscular injection of a commercial killed IBD vaccine at 1 week of age. The chickens were orally challenged with the vvIBDV SH/92 strain at 3 weeks of age and observed for 10 days. In ovo DNA immunization followed by a killed-vaccine boost provided significantly better immunity than the other options. No mortality was observed in this group after a challenge with the vvIBDV. The prime-boost strategy was moderately effective against bursal damage, which was measured by the bursa weight/body weight ratio, the presence of IBDV RNA, and the bursal lesion score. In ovo DNA vaccination with no boost did not provide sufficient immunity, and the addition of ChIL-2 or ChIFN-γ did not enhance protective immunity. In the ConA-induced lymphocyte proliferation assay of peripheral blood lymphocyte collected 10 days post-challenge, there was greater proliferation responses in the DNA vaccine plus boost and DNA vaccine with ChIL-2 plus boost groups compared to the other groups. These findings suggest that priming with DNA vaccine and boosting with killed vaccine is an effective strategy for protecting chickens against vvIBDV.     

兔病毒性出血症病毒VP60基因真核表达载体的构建以及在真核细胞中表达

应用RT-PCR技术扩增编码兔出血症病毒衣壳蛋白VP60基因,将PCR产物克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)中,获得重组质粒pcDNA-VP60,并将其转染Vero细胞。经间接免疫荧光试验,证实pcDNA-VP60在体外细胞中能够成功表达具有免疫原性的VP60蛋白。     

Effects of DDA, CpG-ODN, and plasmid-encoded chicken IFN-�� on protective immunity by a DNA vaccine against IBDV in chickens

This study examined the adjuvant effects of dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide (DDA), CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN), and chicken interferon-γ (ChIFN-γ) on a DNA vaccine (pcDNA-VP243) against the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). A plasmid encoding chicken IFN-ã was constructed. Twice at 2-week intervals, two-week-old chickens were injected intramuscularly and intraperitoneally with either a DNA vaccine alone or a DNA vaccine together with the respective adjuvants. On week 2 after the second immunization, the chickens were orally challenged with the highly virulent IBDV. The groups that received the DNA vaccines plus either DDA or CpG-ODN showed significantly lower survival rates than the group that received the DNA vaccine alone. However, the survival rates for the DNA vaccine alone and for the DNA vaccine plus ChIFN-γ were similar. The chickens had no detectable antibodies to the IBDV before the challenge but all the surviving chickens in all groups except for the normal control group showed the induction of antibodies to the IBDV at day 10 after the challenge. As judged by the lymphocyte proliferation assays using the a WST-8 solution performed on the peripheral blood and splenic lymphocytes, the stimulation indices (SI) of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in all groups except for the normal control group were similar immediately before the challenge. At 10 days post-challenge, the SI for DNA vaccine plus either CpG-ODN or ChIFN-γ was similar to that of the DNA vaccine control group. For splenic lymphocytes, the SI in the DNA vaccine plus CpG-ODN and DNA vaccine plus ChIFN-γ groups were higher than for the DNA vaccine control. These results suggest that DDA actually compromises the protection against the IBDV by DNA vaccine, and CpG-ODN and IFN-γ had no significant effect.