绵羊肺炎支原体热休克蛋白Hsp70的生物信息学分析

本试验旨在了解绵羊肺炎支原体（Mo）标准Y98株Hsp70基因生物学特性,以期利用该基因表达蛋白建立ELISA方法。本研究应用DNAStar、Bioedit 7.0、ClustalX 3.0、Mega 4.0软件与Protparam、TMpred、IEDB在线工具对Hsp70蛋白的理化参数、跨膜结构、信号肽、二级结构、B细胞表位及与其他支原体Hsp70蛋白进化关系进行了比对分析。结果显示,Mo Y98株Hsp70蛋白理论分子质量为66.14 ku,pI值为5.08,为稳定的可溶性蛋白。该蛋白无跨膜结构,不分泌信号肽,存在多处具有免疫原性的肽段,具有形成抗原表位的优势结构,是建立免疫学方法较为理想的靶蛋白。与多种支原体Hsp70基因进化关系分析结果表明,该蛋白与Mo进化关系最近,与丝状支原体簇成员亲缘关系较远,为进一步分析Mo致病机理提供了理论依据。     

山羊支原体肺炎亚种Hsp70基因克隆与序列分析

山羊传染性胸膜肺炎(contagious caprine pleuropneumonia,CCPP)是由山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种(M.capricolum subsp.Capripneumoniae,Mccp)引起的高度接触性传染病,热休克蛋白Hsp70,在Mccp所有蛋白翻译后功能和结构的表达起作用。以Mccp中国分离株87001为模板,扩增了Hsp70的全序列,将该序列克隆到pMD18T载体上并测序。将序列与其它已知动物支原体的Hsp70序列进行分析比较。测序结果87001株Hsp70基因全长1773bp,编码591个aa,第631～633位TGA在支原体编码色氨酸而不是作为终止密码子。将该序列与多种致病支原体Hsp70基因进行分析比较,发现87001株Hsp70基因与山羊支原体山羊亚种(Mcc)、丝状支原体丝状亚种SC的DNA同源性为99.3%～99.4%,氨基酸同源性为99.2%～99.3%,而与非同种支原体猪肺炎支原体232株等Mhp菌株的DNA和氨基酸同源性仅为64.5%～74.4%和59.3%～77%。这表明DnaK基因在种内高度保守,种间差异较大。原核表达得到大小为41Kd的目的蛋白,经Westernblot证实,纯化蛋白可与Mhp阳性猪血清反应,具有免疫活性。     

猪肺炎支原体中国分离株热休克蛋白Hsp70(Dnak)的全基因克隆及C末端基因的表达与免疫活性分析

猪肺炎支原体（Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae,MHP）是猪气喘病的病原。DnaK又称为热休克蛋白Hsp70,具有分子伴侣和免疫的作用。以MHP中国分离株Yin-1为模板,扩增了DnaK基因的全序列,将该序列克隆到pMD18-T载体上并测序。测序结果Yin-1株DnaK基因即Hsp70基因全长1803bp,编码600aa,第631～633位TGA在支原体编码色氨酸而不是作为终止密码子。将该序列与多种致病支原体DnaK基因进行分析比较,发现Yin-1株与232株、J株、7448株等MHP菌株的DNA同源性为99.3％～99．4％,氨基酸同源性为99．2％～99.3％,而与非同种支原体的DNA和氨基酸同源性仅为64．5％～74．4％和59.3％～77％。这表明DnaK基因在种内高度保守,种间差异较大。以pET28a为载体构建重组质粒,原核表达DnaKC末端大小为1kb左右的基因,对表达的蛋白进行纯化后,通过Westernblot检测它的免疫活性。原核表达得到大小为41ku的目的蛋白．经Westernblot证实．纯化蛋白可与MHP阳性猪血清反应,具有免疫活性。     

绵羊肺炎支原体标准株Y98外膜蛋白MOP30基因真核表达载体的构建及其在烟草中的瞬时表达

以绵羊肺炎支原体（Mycoplasma oumvipneoniae,MO）标准株Y98基因组为模板,设计1对特异引物,PCR扩增得到798bp的P30目的基因（MOP30）,将其定向克隆到pMD19-T Simple载体中进行测序分析。重组质粒进行XbaⅠ/BamHⅠ双酶切并回收目的片段,将目的基因亚克隆入黄色荧光蛋白（yellow fluorescent protein,YFP）表达载体pCAMBIA1300-YFP中构建重组融合表达质粒pCAMBIA1300-MOP30-YFP。双酶切验证后的融合表达质粒转化农杆菌（Agrobacterium）感受态细胞,侵染烟草（tobacco）叶片。通过激光共聚焦成像显微镜（cofocal imagingmicroscope）观察到融合表达的黄色荧光蛋白,Western-blotting试验得到57 000的特异条带,RT-PCR检测到MOP30基因在烟草叶片中转录。MOP30-YFP融合蛋白在烟草中的成功表达,为转基因植物疫苗防治绵羊支原体肺炎奠定了基础。     

基于Hsp70基因的绵羊肺炎支原体TaqMan检测方法的建立及其遗传演化分析

热休克蛋白70 (heat shock protein 70,Hsp70)是绵羊肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, Movi)的重要膜蛋白,是机体内高度保守的生物分子,但在种间差异大,可作为分子生物学检测的候选靶区。为建立基于Hsp70基因的Movi通用型TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)检测方法,并进一步了解其遗传变异情况,本研究基于GenBank中Movi的Hsp70基因特征,设计特异性的引物及探针,建立了基于Hsp70基因的绵羊肺炎支原体qPCR检测方法。应用建立的检测方法对88份山羊鼻拭子样品及43份疑似羊支原体性肺炎(Mycoplasmal pneumonia of sheep and goats, MPSG)病料进行检测。将检测结果为Movi阳性的肺组织样品进行分离鉴定,并对分离株Hsp70基因进行序列分析。结果显示,建立的qPCR检测方法其相关系数为1.00,扩增效率为96.0%,斜率为-3.411,Y轴截距为37.29。特异性强,与丝状支原体山羊亚种(Mycoplasma mycoides subsp.capri, Mmc)、山羊支原...     

从湖羊肺脏中分离绵羊肺炎支原体的鉴定

从新疆湖羊肺脏病料中分离出一株支原体XJ-3f，用其培养物人工感染80日龄健康绵羊，28d后剖杀，剖检可见肺表面肉粉色实变，显微病理变化为大灶性融合性肺炎。参考国际已知支原体16SrRNA序列，设计一对扩增700bp片段的通用引物，直接提取肺脏组织DNA进行PCR扩增并克隆、测序。将该序列与GenBank中33种支原体序列比较，结果证明该序列与绵羊肺炎支原体（M．ovipneumonia）标准株Y．98同源性为99．9％，而与山羊支原体山羊亚种（M．capricolum subsp．capricolum，Mcc）、丝状支原体山羊亚种（M．mycoides subsp．Capri，Mmc）、丝状支原体丝状亚种LC型（M．mycoides subsp．mycoides LC，M．mmLC）等同源率为81％。以感染羊血清和Y．98与从发病羊肺脏中分离出的三株支原体茵体蛋白进行Western blot，证明均与感染羊血清有特异性反应，且与Y．98相比无明显差异，故确定分离株为绵羊肺炎支原体（M．ovipneumonia）。     

绵羊肺炎支原体贵州株P30基因的遗传进化分析

为了解绵羊肺炎支原体(Mo)贵州株P30基因的进化情况,通过对Mo贵州分离株(GZQX、GZXS、GZHZ、GZKY)、Mo Y98标准株的P30基因进行体外扩增、克隆以及测序,并对所测序列运用生物信息学软件进行基因变异性、基因同源性以及基因进化树分析.结果:(1)基因同源性:4株Mo贵州分离株与Mo Y98标准株核酸...     

绵羊肺炎支原体溶血素TlyC基因的克隆及分子特征分析

根据GenBank报道的绵羊肺炎支原体(MO)基因序列,设计特异性引物,对MO新疆分离株(MO XJ)溶血素TlyC基因进行克隆及测序;并对该基因及其编码蛋白进行分子特征分析,并与其他支原体相应序列进行同源性分析,构建该基因系统进化树。结果表明,TlyC基因全长为1 239bp,编码426个氨基酸,其中第1~23位氨基酸残基为信号肽,编码区含有跨膜结构域和CBS结构域,二级结构以α-螺旋为主。系统发生分析表明,MO与猪肺炎支原体232株和絮状支原体的相应序列亲缘关系较近,而与其他种支原体的亲缘关系较远。研究首次克隆了MOTlyC基因,为了解MOTlyC生物学功能及其致病中的作用奠定了基础。     

绵羊肺炎支原体标准株Y98与丝状支原体丝标准株PG3、绵羊肺炎支原体分离株HD-1、标准株FH抗原的差异性研究

试验采用SDS—PAGE和免疫印迹分析技术研究了绵羊肺炎支原体标准株Y98与绵羊肺炎支原体分离株HD-1、丝状支原体丝状亚种PG3以及肺炎支原体标准株FH间细胞膜蛋白免疫原性的异同。结果表明：绵羊肺炎支原体标准株Y98同绵羊肺炎支原体分离株HD-1间细胞膜蛋白免疫印迹结果基本一致,而绵羊肺炎支原体标准株Y98与丝状支原体丝状亚种PG3和肺炎支原体标准株FH抗原差异较大,缺乏共同抗原成分。     

广西山羊传染性胸膜肺炎病原的二重PCR快速诊断方法的建立

根据绵羊肺炎支原体标准株Y98和丝状支原体山羊亚种标准株PG3的16S rRNA两端的保守区序列设计了2对引物,建立了广西山羊传染性胸膜肺炎病原的二重PCR快速检测方法.试验结果显示,所建立的二重PCR能特异地扩增绵羊肺炎支原体和丝状支原体山羊亚种的基因片段,其敏感性可达lPg,,用建立的二重PCR检测了20份临床病例肺组织,检出率为70%(14/20),其中6份扩增出丝状支原体山羊亚种的基因片段,10份扩增出绵羊肺炎支原体的基因片段,有2份同时扩增出两种支原体的基因片段.培养法检出率为40%(8/20),而这8份病料均为PCR阳性.     

原位杂交法检测hsp mRNA在猪组织细胞中的分布

根据hsp70和hsp90 mRNA基因序列,设计并合成引物,将PCR扩增的基因片段克隆到pGEM-T载体,重组质粒经筛选、鉴定,利用体外转录系统,制作地高辛标记的RNA探针,建立检测hsps mRNA原位杂交方法。利用自建的原位杂交方法,对hsp70、hsp90 mRNA进行组织细胞定位研究。结果显示:hsp70 mRNA和hsp90 mRNA广泛分布于各组织细胞中,尤其在细胞核中相对集中,在肾小管上皮细胞胞浆中也呈强阳性着色。     

热应激处理鼠囊胚Hsp70基因表达的RT-PCR检测

将体外培养的小鼠囊胚分别施以40℃1、2、3 h和38℃1、2、3 h热应激处理,然后在37℃条件下分别恢复3、2、1 h后,提取胚胎细胞总RNA,用RT-PCR方法检测小鼠囊胚Hsp70基因的表达,以明确小鼠囊胚经热应激处理后是否有诱导型Hsp70基因表达。结果表明:各试验组,包括对照组鼠的囊胚都有诱导型Hsp70基因的表达。说明小鼠囊胚对热应激处理敏感,轻微热应激就可使诱导型Hsp70基因表达。     

Molecular cloning and phylogenetic analysis of Babesia gibsoni heat shock protein 70

The Babesia gibsoni heat shock protein 70 gene (BGHsp70) was cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. The length of the gene was 1938 bp and the predicted polypeptide was 646 amino acids long with a calculated molecular weight of 70,627. The amino acid sequences of BGHsp70 from 17 isolates were identical, though there were six types of polymorphisms among the corresponding nucleotide sequences. There was no intron in the BGHsp70 gene. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequence of Hsp70 showed that B. gibsoni was most closely related to B. bovis and lies within a phylogenetic cluster with Theileria. These results suggest that Hsp70 was well conserved among intraerythrocytic protozoa.     

Extracellular heat shock protein 70 levels in tumour-bearing dogs and cats treated with radiation therapy and hyperthermia

Hyperthermia is a form of a cancer treatment which is frequently applied in combination with radiotherapy (RT) to improve therapy responses and radiosensitivity. The mode of action of hyperthermia is multifactorial; the one hand by altering the amount of the blood circulation in the treated tissue, on the other hand by modulating molecular pathways involved in cell survival processes and immunogenic interactions. One of the most dominant proteins induced by hyperthermia is the major stress-inducible heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). Hsp70 can be found in the blood either as a free-protein (free HSP70) derived from necrotic cells, or lipid-bound (liposomal Hsp70) when it is actively released in extracellular vesicles (EVs) by living cells. The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of free and liposomal Hsp70 before and after treatment with RT alone or hyperthermia combined with radiotherapy (HTRT) in dogs and cats to evaluate therapy responses. Peripheral blood was collected from feline and canine patients before and at 2, 4, 6 and 24 h after treatment with RT or HTRT. Hsp70 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were performed to determine the free and liposomal Hsp70 concentrations in the serum. The levels were analysed after the first fraction of radiation to study immediate effects and after all applied fractions to study cumulative effects. The levels of free and liposomal Hsp70 levels in the circulation were not affected by the first singular treatment and cumulative effects of RT in cats however, after finalizing all treatment cycles with HTRT free and liposomal Hsp70 levels significantly increased. In dogs, HTRT, but not treatment with RT alone, significantly affected liposomal Hsp70 levels during the first fraction. Free Hsp70 levels were significantly increased after RT, but not HTRT, during the first fraction in dogs. In dogs, on the other hand, RT alone resulted in a significant increase in liposomal Hsp70, but HTRT did not significantly affect the liposomal Hsp70 when cumulative effects were analysed. Free Hsp70 was significantly induced in dogs after both, RT and HTRT when cumulative effects were analysed. RT and HTRT treatments differentially affect the levels of free and liposomal Hsp70 in dogs and cats. Both forms of Hsp70 could potentially be further investigated as potential liquid biopsy markers to study responses to RT and HTRT treatment in companion animals.     

猪圆环病毒2型SD2分离株ORF3基因转录分析

对PCV2 SD2株（DQ478947）进行了序列分析发现,其含有11个开放阅读框,与以往分离株开放阅读框有较大差异。根据GenBank发表的PCV2序列设计特异性引物,扩增ORF 3基因,预计扩增片段大小为209 bp。分别在接毒后12、24、36、48 h,用Trizol法自病毒细胞裂解液提取总RNA,然后用DNase I处理,除去残留的病毒DNA,利用醋酸纤维素分离mRNA,用上述引物进行RT-PCR扩增。在接毒24 h后扩增出的目的片段大小与预计扩增片段大小相符合,测序结果表明扩增片段与PCV2 SD2（DQ478947）ORF3基因序列相符。由此证实,PCV2山东分离株ORF3基因可在接毒24 h后于转录水平表达,为ORF3基因的深入研究打下了基础。     

河北省猪圆环病毒2型ORF2基因的克隆与序列分析

根据GenBank中猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）ORF2基因的核苷酸序列，设计了1对特异性引物。采用此引物从PCV2疑似病料的3个样品中扩增出了0RF2片段。将扩增片段克隆入pMD18-T载体中，筛选获得了含有相应片段的阳性重组质粒pMDHB—ORF2。对质粒中的插入片段测序后，应用DNAStar序列分析软件，对所测PCV2序列与GenBank中的国内外PCV毒株进行了同源性比较。结果，3个样品间ORF2基因的核苷酸同源性为100％；它们与浙江分离株之间核苷酸序列的同源性极高，达99．5％。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒糖基化囊膜蛋白5原核表达载体的构建及免疫原性分析

为分析猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)糖基化囊膜蛋白5（GP5）的免疫原性,本研究通过提取PRRSV分离株（GenBank登录号：HQ701732.1）RNA和RT-PCR扩增得到开放阅读框5（ORF5）基因。根据ORF5的基因序列,设计2对引物,经PCR扩增分别获得不含信号肽和跨膜功能区的2段基因片段。利用酶切位点,将2段基因连接到原核表达载体pET-28a（+）上,获得重组表达质粒pET28a-GP5。将重组质粒导入BL21（DE3）感受态细胞,经IPTG诱导获得表达。经Western blotting鉴定,重组蛋白可被PRRSV阳性血清识别。将纯化的重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,ELISA方法检测,小鼠能产生针对蛋白的血清抗体。因此,该重组PRRSV GP5蛋白具有良好的生物学活性,为进一步研究GP5蛋白的结构和功能奠定基础。     

Analysis of heat shock protein 60 encoding genes of mycoplasmas and investigations concerning their role in immunity and infection

Only little is known about the heat shock proteins (Hsp) and Hsp-encoding genes of mycoplasmas. The aim of this study was to identify and sequence the hsp60 gene of Mycoplasma agalactiae, Mycoplasma arthritidis, Mycoplasma bovis, and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and to investigate the immune response to Hsp60.Fragments of the hsp60 genes of M. agalactiae, M. arthritidis, M. bovis and M. hyopneumoniae representing almost the entire coding region were amplified by PCR. Two fragments of a hsp60 gene were cloned in Escherichia coli and the antibody response of pigs infected with M. hyopneumoniae against the recombinant Hsp60 fusion proteins was analysed. Within the mycoplasmas, the hsp60 genes showed sequence identities of nearly 100%, with the exception of the hsp60 gene of Mycoplasma genitalium, which was determined to be only 76.5-77.7% identical. Identities to Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus subtilis and E. coli were determined between approximately 50 and 60%. The predicted amino acid sequences of Hsp60 showed an identity of 90 to nearly 100% among mycoplasmas and 50-60% to the other bacteria indicated above. Two Hsp60 derived glutathione-S-transferase fusion proteins containing mycoplasma peptides of 28 and 35kDa were isolated. M. hyopneumoniae-ELISA positive porcine convalescent sera reacted strongly with the recombinant Hsp60 fusion proteins in Western immunoblotting indicating for the first time that mycoplasmal Hsp60 is immunogenic in natural infection.     

Comparative Immunolocalization of Heat Shock Proteins (Hsp)-60, -70, -90 in Boar, Stallion, Dog and Cat Spermatozoa

Heat shock proteins (Hsp)-60, -70 and -90 are important testis chaperones that fulfil several functions during sperm cell maturation. In post-meiotic cells, their expression may change or may be undetectable and in some species it may be evident in mature spermatozoa. The aims of this study were to verify whether Hsp60, -70 and -90 are present in the sperm, and to compare their localization in boar, stallion, cat and dog spermatozoa by immunofluorescence. Hsp-60 immunoreactivity was detected in sperm midpiece in all the species examined. In stallion sperm, Hsp70 signal was localized in the sub-equatorial band, whereas immunoreactivity was evident on the neck of dog spermatozoa and on both neck and sub-equatorial region of cat spermatozoa. In agreement with our previous observations, a triangular fluorescent signal in the equatorial segment of fresh boar sperm was detected. Hsp90 immunoreactivity was present in different portions of sperm tail: in the midpiece of both boar and cat spermatozoa and in the neck and throughout the tail in dog and stallion spermatozoa, respectively. When capacitation and acrosome reaction were induced in boar, stallion and dog spermatozoa, no changes in both Hsp60 and -90 were recorded by either Western blot or immunofluorescence. After induction of acrosome reaction, a Hsp70 redistribution in boar spermatozoa and an increased percentage of stallion spermatozoa showing the post-acrosomal signal were observed although no changes were recorded by Western blot; in dog spermatozoa, no changes in Hsp70 were found by Western blot and immunofluorescence after capacitation and acrosome reaction.