Optimization and Realization for Sinter and Ore Blending for Blast Furnace

In the ironmaking process, it is essential that sinter and feed of blast furnace are established economically and reasonably. Taking some steel company for example, the best economical condition for feed of blast furnace is comprehensively considered from technologic demand and economic efficiency. According to LP and based on practice and trial, aimed function and confined condition is confirmed, computation programs are made by Matlab while realizing optimization feed. The blast furnace material balance and heat balance are calculated by program with visual interface. Thus, we can directly judge rationality of optimization. The results show that LP is effective method to realize feed of blast furnace.     

二维高炉区域BFC网格生成技术及其Matlab实现

利用数学模型对高炉冶炼过程进行模拟是高炉炼铁新工艺研发的有效方法,网格生成技术是数值模拟过程中重要的前处理过程,是高炉模拟计算的先决条件。生成网格的质量对高炉模型模拟的精度、效率以及收敛性具有重要影响,因此,建立优质的网格对高炉数学模型的求解具有重要意义。文中提出了一种适用于高炉数学模型的适体坐标系(BFC)网格的生成方法,从求解区域的划分、椭圆型方程的转换、椭圆型方程的离散及BFC网格生成步骤等方面进行了研究,并把死料区的边界作为BFC网格计算的边界条件,使数学模型的求解过程得以简化。采用带有源项的泊松方程作为变换方程,网格的正交性和疏密程度便于控制。该网格生成算法原理简单、易于编程、网格生成效率高,生成的网格能够满足数学模型求解的要求。     

Order planning for iron and steel enterprise considering production organization constraints

To realize efficient operation, the production organization constraints of ironmaking/steelmaking interface, desulphorization basic oxygen furnace and decarburization basic oxygen furnace, refining equipment and casting/rolling interface of typical steel production process A are analyzed. Order planning model of iron and steel enterprises considering production organization constraints is established. The scheduling compact and coordination and the optimization of commissioning date of different production lines are fully considered in the model. Then, the model is solved by tabu search. Finally, three different sizes of actual production contracts which are randomly selected from the steel plant A are simulated. The results prove the presented model and algorithm can harmonize and optimize the production effectively and also realize the process running efficiently.     

Properties of Temperature Difference Self-power Adjusting Valve Used in Blast Furnace

Blast furnace campaign life has a great effect on technical and economical indexes of ironmaking production. Cooling condition and life-span of cooling apparatus have a great influence on campaign life of blast furnace. Owing to constant flux water supply used for blast furnace cooling at present, cooling intensity doesn't meet the demand of heat load in peak value, concurrently, cooling water supply lacks equilibrium and stability, which will cause burnout of cooling apparatus and diminution of blast furnace campaign life. So temperature difference self-power adjusting valve is introduced to make BF cooling apparatus change constant flux water supply mode to constant temperature difference water supply mode in order to satisfy the need of cooling intensity when heat load wis in peak value.Principle, structure ,properties and function of temperature difference self-power adjusting valve are explained. The flux in different temperature is measured.     

Simulation research on oxygen blast furnace ironmaking process

A system simulation mathematical model on oxygen blast furnace ironmaking process is established. Provided that the material composition and the values of necessary process parameters are given, the model can predict the consumptions of raw material, fuel and flux, the quantity and composition of slag, the quantities and components of all kinds of gases, etc. At the condition of 90% stack ore metallization, the calculated results of the model show that when more circulating gas are introduced into the stack, the heat controls the total gas for the stack ore reduction, while when more circulating gas are introduced into the hearth, the reductive components control the total gas for the stack ore reduction. At normal operations with coke rate fixed, the coal consumption linearly increases with the output top gas. When the coke rate is fixed at 200 kg, the minimum value of calculated coal rate is 200 kg or so.     

Analysis on transfer and enrichment of metal elements during reduction roasting of vanadium tailings

Based on the carbon thermodynamic analysis, experiments of pellet reduction-roasting of vanadium tailings are conducted. With phase and component analysis, carbon thermal reduction process of metal oxide in vanadium tailings is systematically studied. The results indicate that under different reduction temperatures, reduction process of iron, chromium, vanadium, manganese and titanium exhibit different characteristics and transfer rules.     

氧气高炉多流体数值模拟与分析

为研究不同氧气高炉操作流程及操作参数对高炉内部过程产生的影响,预测氧气高炉流程各参数的变化规律,基于多流体理论、冶金传输原理、冶金反应动力学与热力学理论以及计算流体力学建立了普通高炉多流体模型,并在此基础上修改边界条件及内部相关参数,建立氧气高炉多流体数学模型。通过建立的模型分别对普通高炉和气化炉氧气高炉(GF-FOBF)流程中的氧气高炉进行了模拟计算,得到两种工艺流程下高炉内温度场、浓度场和速度场等典型参数的分布情况。通过对计算结果的对比,分析了氧气高炉操作条件下炉内状态的主要特征和相对于普通高炉发生的变化,发现氧气高炉内部速度场、温度场均发生变化,特别是气相组分的均匀分布问题明显。本模型可为氧气高炉流程试验及流程开发提供参考。     

Smelting AlMnSi alloy by Using High-bearing Manganese Slag

First smelting MnSi alloy by using high-bearing manganese slag of BF by electric smelting process in a 25 kVA arc furnace in lab has been introduced. In order to increase the content of manganese and silicon in MnSi alloy , a little amount of MgO is added into the slag and the lower alkalinity has been adapted. Then smelting AlMnSi alloy using MnSi alloy containing high silicon that obtained by experiments and waste Al with an induction furnace has been studied. The controlling of temperature is the key in smelting process. The high quality AlMnSi alloy has been obtained successfully,Which can be extensively used for the compound oxygen removal agent for making steel and the metal alloy additive.     

脉冲电流烧结Al2O3颗粒的广义热弹性分析

脉冲电流烧结过程的颈部形成机理,特别是非导电粉末材料,是需要着重研究的核心问题。以非导电Al₂O₃粉末为研究对象,引入L-S（Lord and Shulman）型广义热弹性方程,初步探究烧结初期非导电粉末颈部局部高温形成以及快速烧结机理。利用Comsol Multiphysics模拟得到脉冲电流烧结过程中颗粒内部的温度场和应力场分布以及烧结颈部的化学势和空位浓度变化规律。数值结果表明,热以波的形式在烧结颈部产生叠加,形成局部高温。化学势变化表明：烧结初期表面扩散占主要作用,空位浓度差的突变使烧结颈部产生局部空位浓度梯度,促进烧结颈长过程,缩短烧结时间。     

氧气高炉工艺研究进展及新炉型设计

从氧气高炉的数学模型、实验室实验以及工业试验角度系统分析了氧气高炉工艺的发展现状及趋势,同时讨论了氧气高炉炉型的设计依据。论述了氧气高炉的静态工艺模型研究需要计算合适的直接还原度和热空区温度,同时应考虑氧气高炉工况下生产率的变化、热损失的变化、风口煤粉的喷吹上限以及N₂的循环积累等问题。指出了多维动力学模型和多目标优化模型中尚需解决的问题,以及氧气高炉数学模型的主要发展方向。结合文献研究中的氧气高炉特点,从炉身高度设计、炉腹角和炉身角设计以及风口设计3方面综述了氧气高炉炉型设计的变化规律。     

Experiment of the Influence of Manganese Oxide on the Prosperities of High Alumina Content BF Slag

Alumina content in Nanjing Steel blast furnace slag is up to 19%, which results in worse slag fluidity, higher furnace operating temperature and higher silicon content of hot metal. Therefore blast furnace strengthening is reduced. Aiming at this problem, an by laboratory experiments the viscosity of simulating Nanjing Steel BF slag samples are measured after adding MnO, which are made up of analytically pure chemical reagents. And according to the experimental results, the influence of MnO on the properties of high alumina content BF slag is analyzed and the methods of reducing silicon content of hot metal in Nanjing Steel is educed. The results showed that the addition of MnO in high Al2O3 content slag has stronger effects on viscosity decreasing, and the decreasing of slag viscosity would make it possible to reduce the operating temperature of the blast furnace, which would result in decreasing of silicon content of hot metal.     

Recent Research on Supervision Running State of the Tuyere and Raceway in Blast Furnace

The manipulators pay fully attention to the running state of raceway looked into tuyere peehole in blast furnace in its production process. And it is important for judgement and control the blast furnace. The pulverized coal feeding and burning cases can be supervised by peehole in tuyere. Temperature distribution can be studied by brightness and numerical simulation of pulverized coal combustion. The recent research of temperature examined and supervision technique of the tuyere and raceway in blast furnace are set forth at home and abroad. A method settling supervision and control the state of tuyere and raceway in blast furnace is put forward by coalescent numeric image process technique to numeric simulate two dimensional imaging technique.     

Effect of UPC on the Dropping Property of Slag of BF at PANZHIHUA I & S CO.

A series of fundamental experiments are carried out to clarify UPC on the effect of taking shape and dropping of slag of BF at PANZHIHUA I & S CO. by using high temperature. oven simulation cohesive zone and dropping zone of blast furnace. The following results are obtained: The dropping quantity of the Titanium bearing Slag increases with UPC increasing. It is conclusion opposite to that of commonly blast furnace slag.     

Microstructure and Properties of the Dacromet Coating for 20 Steel

The Dacromet technology,which is a potential surface treatment method,has achieved extensive application in automobile industry.The Dacromet coating is prepared through dipping & curing process,and the microstructure and anticorrosion performance of zinc,aluminum galvanized specimens are comparatively investigated.The results shows that the zinc,aluminum,chromium distributed evenly and Zn/Al flakes overlapped and embedded in amorphous chromium binder in Dacromet coating which anticorrosion is superior to hot dip galvanized but slightly inferior to hot dip aluminum coating with lowered adhesion,its adhesive ability to matrix is weaker than that of aluminum coating.     

硫酸亚铁对铬渣滤液中六价铬的处理研究

铬渣废水中由于Cr6+浓度高,对环境以及人的健康存在潜在危害,因此有必要进行研究处理。笔者通过单因子试验研究硫酸亚铁投药量、pH、搅拌速度、搅拌时间和反应时间5种参数对含铬废水处理的影响。研究结果表明,5种影响因素中对含铬废水处理效果最明显的是投药量,试验条件下的各单因子的最佳条件分别为：投药比为80;pH为7~8;反应时间为20 min;搅拌速度为快速搅拌;搅拌时间为10 min。     

Characteristics of combustion and NOx emission in lowconcentration coal bed methane boiler retrofitted from coal fired boiler

Coal fired chain grate boiler is retrofitted to coal bed methane boiler. The flow, combustion and NOx emission characteristics of low concentrations methane in the boiler furnace are studied by the numerical simulation and experiments. The results show that the axial velocity reaches the maximum at 0.5 m from the nozzle and declines sharply in the range of -0.4~0.4 m on the width direction. With the heat load increases, the position of highest temperature moves to the rear of furnace and the simulation and experimental results agree well. At the front of the furnace, the obvious bimodal distribution of temperature at low heat load along the width direction is found, but it is a single peak distribution at 100% heat load. At the rear of the furnace, the temperature shows bimodal distribution at all kinds of heat loads. Gas temperature at boiler furnace outlet increases linearly with the increasing of heat load but the experimental results are slightly lower than the simulated results. The NOx is mainly produced in the middle and rear of furnace with high temperature, and the position of NOx peak lags far behind that of temperature peak. With the excess air coefficient increases, the highest furnace temperature and NOx generation increases and then decreases.     

Mathematical Model of Oxygen Blast Furnace with Preheating Gas Injection into Upper Shaft

An One-dimensional mathematical model,based on oxygen blast furnace with preheating gas injection into upper shaft,has been developed to describe the variation of innerdiameter of blast furnace,13 chemical reactions,the heat losses through the furnace wall,the heatexchange and pressure losses between gas phase and solid phase.The characters of oxygen blastfurnace are discussed,The simulated results indicate that the tem perature of burden in creasesthroughout the upper shaft with the incrcasement of the flow and the temperature of preheating gasinjected,and that the effect of the heating-up of burden is not so large when the com positions ofpreheatin8 gas injeetion are changed.The model is contributed to obtain a deeper understanding ofthe oxygen blast furnace process.     

Dynamical Idnetification for Blast Furnace Condition

The correlation dimension for the time series of blast furnace process varisble,such as blast volume, burden pressure drop and blast pressure etc.,have been estimated by using GP and modified GP algorithms.The predictublity analysis for the process variables have also been investigated.The results show that it is difficult to determine the chaotic attractor of blast furnace condition.It has been found that the predictablity for process variables can be used to niterpret and identity the precursor of biast furnace condition.     

铬胁迫对罗汉果幼苗生理生化指标的影响

重金属铬对植物的生长发育有非常重要的抑制作用。但是至今为止还没有铬对我国特有药用植物罗汉果植物影响的生理生化机理研究的报道。本实验以罗汉果幼苗为材料,对生长在添加0、50、100、150、200μmol?L-1浓度的重金属铬离子的培养基中生长15天的罗汉果幼苗的相关生理生化变化进行了详尽的分析变化。结果表明,随着铬离子浓度的增加,植株叶片的叶绿素含量、蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量、超氧物歧化酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性一直下降;过氧化物酶活性先上升后下降;相反,脯氨酸和丙二醛含量则一直上升。表明铬离子 的毒害导致体内保护酶活性受到抑制,膜系统受到伤害,从而影响罗汉果幼苗生长。     

Reduction of Titanium Oxide and Thickening of Blast Furnace Slag Bearing Higher Titania

The slag samples that have some titanium oxide reduction grade are reduced with blast furnace slag taken from Pan Zhi Hua Iron & Steel (Group) Co. in site. Then the viscosity and free running temperature of slag samples were measured in laboratory. With the increasing of reduction grade the viscosity and free running temperature of slags would have rising tendency. The mineral structure of the samples is observed in optical microscope, and quantitative analysis of TiC, TiN in the slag samples is made with image analysiser. The results show that the thickening of titanium slag has relationship with the amount of TiC, TiN, which was reduced from titania. So the usage of titanium oxide reduction grade as the index of thickening in blast furnace process is reasonable, and which could represent characteristic of the blast furnace smelting iron ore bearing titanium and vanadium.