Study on the Heat Preservation and Energy Efficiency Design of Exterior Wall of Store Building in Chongqing

In order to research the potential of energy efficiency design of public building in depth, the large scale of store building in urban districts of Chongqing is chosen as the subject. On the basis of investigation into typical department store,an elementary model of department store has been built up. In allusion to exterior wall of department store, in respect of improving heat preservation of exterior wall, four different energy efficiency conformation design projects were made out,such as using double-layer window and adding heat insulation layer to exterior wall etc. and four energy efficiency projects with the actual design of exterior wall were compared;By analyzing the thermal and economic indexes, the most effective project of the energy efficiency design of exterior wall as to store building was found out to provide reference to the energy efficiency design of large scale of public building.     

基于NC-DEA模型长株潭耕地利用经济效率的视窗分析

笔者利用长株潭地域15个县市区1996—2012时段面板数据,采用非控制变量数据包络模型视窗分析方法研究耕地利用效率的变化。结果发现:长株潭市区县地域单元耕地利用经济效率时间变化相对稳定,市域耕地利用经济效率高于其他地域,表明外部环境因素对经济效率产生明显影响,优越的社会经济环境条件有利于耕地效率的提高,非控制变量的数据包络方法在不删除其他要素条件下能评价耕地单要素效率,视窗分析能解释效率的动态变化,二者结合的特定要素的DEA视窗分析方法可以给其他类型土地效率评价提供重要的分析工具。     

Improvement of Method in BIN Building Energy Consumption Calculation

The proportion of radiation load through glass windows in building energy analysis is comparatively great;it is regarded as linear relation with temperature in BIN method,which is extremely a rough method.It is not only because the relation between such radiation load and temperature is far from linear relationship,but also there is lack of objective standard for the selection of corresponding representative temperature to the load.To solve this problem,calculating the maximum factor D_(J max) firstly,then get the hourly corresponding relation of load and temperature by multiplying the hourly cool load coefficient.The practical relation of load and temperature could be obtained by counting up the average load to each temperature at each direction;the load calculation method is still simple using a series of statistic data.A comparison has been made between this method and the former one.As it is the real reflection of relation between the temperature and load,the precision of load calculation is enhanced.The process using this method to calculate load for south facing window in Chengdu is given in this paper.     

Improved Cosine Window and Its Implementation with DSP

An improved cosine window is put forward, which can reduce the spectrum leakage and can be easily implemented. The center of the method is to apply an exponent-m-to the usual window function. A proper value can be chosen for the exponent in light of the particular emphasis on frequency resolution, amplitude precision or sidelobe suppression and we can modify the characteristic of the window function through altering the value of m. Cycle of different times is effect.Carried out to implement it in DSP with software. The result of the emluator makes it clear that it is a method with good effect.     

Analysis of Gaseous Slip Flow and Heat Transfer in Micro Rectangular Channels

In this paper, the ways of simulating the window rolling technology in DOS environment were described. A general module, which is easy to be transplanted and useful for users, is presented.     

郑州市水资源承载力评价研究

为计算郑州市水资源承载力,分析水资源开发利用中存在的问题,为水资源可持续利用提出建议,选取水资源可利用量和水资源需求量作为评价指标,构建评价模型,确定评价等级体系;分析现状年（2011年）并预测目标年（2020、2030年）水资源可利用量和水资源需求量,计算郑州市各行政辖区水资源承载力。结果表明：2011年郑州市水资源均呈超载状态,水资源供需缺口达到11.33亿m³。随着水资源保护及节水措施的加强,2020—2030年郑州市水资源供需矛盾整体有所缓解。受经济社会快速发展及山地地形影响,巩义市、新密市、登封市水资源供不应求,供需矛盾近期内相对较大。     

Variational Method of Network Structure of Linear Hardening Materials

This paper developed out coordinate equations and equation of strain energy for suspensionand network structure made of linear hardening materials.Then displacements and horizontal forces ofthe network are determined by principle of minimum potential energy.     

Analysis on new gyratory fixed spindle cycloid drive

The current cycloid reducer drive has the shortage of needing special output mechanism, large volume and high vibration. To solve this problem, a new gyratory fixed spindle cycloid drive is designed. The drive principle of the reducer is introduced. Formula for calculating the basic parameters and tooth profile equation of cycloid gear are derived. On the basis of discussion of the mechanism and the principles of gear connection, a prototype is designed and manufactured. The results of the prototype test on the gear test rig indicate that the transmission efficiency of the new drive may reach 91.9% at rated operating conditions, the biggest vibration velocity effective value is 3.09 mm/s, and the biggest structure noise is 101.6 dB.     

Adaptability Analysis of Passive Building Energy Efficiency Technology in Selected Climatic Regions

Passive building energy efficiency refers to utilizing ecological building design principles with natural climate resources to realize building energy efficiency, which is greener, more conducive to the sustainable development of the human living environment, and will actively advocate building energy efficiency. The adaptability of six passive building energy efficiency technologies including passive solar heating, natural ventilation, thermal storage wall, induced and night ventilation, direct evaporative cooling and indirect evaporative cooling in typical cities in selected climatic regions would be analysed. In addition, the applicability of passive building energy efficiency technologies in selected climatic regions would be compared.     

Energy Saving Principle and Design Experience of a New Type Curtain Wall

The energy consumption and sight pollution of glazing curtain wall are two problems to be urgently managed. Intelligent curtain wall is a new type one of energy conservation and environment protection, in which the thermal channel to save building energy consumption and automatic sunshade to adjust sunlight are adopted. Four engineering examples of oversea intelligent curtain wall are briefed. The construction and energy saving principle of ventilative curtain wall as the core technique of intelligent curtain wall are presented. The earliest ventilative curtain wall in China Mainland, and its test results of heat preservation in winter are stressed. The design experience of how to choose three key parameters: the width of thermal channel, the layout of inlet and outlet and the type of glass is discussed.     

The Curtain Wall Technology in Green Building

Based on the conception of green building, this paper discusses the effect of curtain wall in adjusting the interior environment quality, reducing building energy consumption, and emphasizes the curtain wall technology in natural lighting, natural ventilation, as well as building energy efficiency.     

Research on Energy Consumption and Energy Efficiency Design for Department Stores in Chongqing

In order to research energy efficiency design of public buildings, the large and medium scale of typical department stores in Chongqing are chosen as objects and twelve stores are investigated about their operational energy. Based on the investigation results, the composition and features of operational energy are analyzed ; it is shown that the short of effective measures in respect of architectural design leads to the high power consumption in department stores. According to the local climate and environment characteristics, this paper puts forward concept of holistic energy efficiency and offers series of design strategies which lead to energy conservation in stores,such asefficiency.regardingclimate as resources and applying appropriate technology to attain energy efficiency.     

A Solution of Contradiction of Building EnergyEfficiency with Indoor Air Quality

This paper is attempted to solve the problem of contradiction of building energy efficiency with indoor air quality.Quadrangle has the character of improving indoor air quality,since it always refreshes air intelligently.The courtyard has a long air column covering over the courtyard and the insulation of such a thick air layer can resist heat loss.As oxygen from outer space enters the courtyard,the energy can be recovered by oxygen.So,the contradiction of building energy efficiency with indoor air quality can be solved.The indoor air quality can be improved by the quadrangle combined with solar houses.     

河南省黄楼村村庄规划中土地节约集约利用研究

土地的节约集约利用是缓解土地供需矛盾、保障新时期社会经济稳定发展的必然选择。笔者以河南省商城县双椿铺镇黄楼村为研究实例,针对黄楼村村庄建设现状,分析其存在的问题,根据村庄节约集约建设标准,将节地理念贯穿到整个村庄规划中,通过规划手段来实现土地的节约集约利用。结果表明,通过规划前后的对比,黄楼村建设用地节地效果显著,规划前村庄建设用地面积为41.35 hm2,人均建设用地面积为205.52 m2/人;规划后建设用地面积为19.14 hm2,人均建设用地面积为88.55 m2/人,建设用地面积减少了22.21 hm2,人均建设用地面积减少了116.97 m2/人,土地节约集约利用水平大大提高,为同类村庄规划及土地节约集约利用提供了参考依据。     

枣与冬小麦间作巷道内的光环境特征

为了探明枣与冬小麦间作系统中间作巷道内与冬小麦生长发育需求相适应的光环境变化特征,为枣与冬小麦间作系统的栽培管理提供科学依据,以株行距1.0 m×4.5 m、1.0 m×2.5 m、0.5 m×4.5 m的枣与冬小麦间作系统为研究对象,使用Li-6400XT便携式光合作用测定仪和LAI-2000植物冠层分析仪及配备的LI-191线状量子传感器测定冬小麦不同生育期光合生理参数和间作巷道内的光合有效辐射,通过光合有效辐射时空窗法计算出了不同生育时期冬小麦冠层饱和光合有效辐射时空窗的大小。结果表明：冬小麦不同生育时期的光补偿点(LCP)表现为成熟期＞灌浆期,光饱和点(LSP)表现为灌浆期＞成熟期;不同株行距枣与冬小麦间作系统中,灌浆期和成熟期冬小麦冠层饱和PAR时空窗的大小1.0m×4.5 m＞0.5 m×4.5 m＞1.0 m×2.5 m。从满足间作巷道内的冬小麦光合需求考虑,目前新疆南疆盆地枣与冬小麦间作主要采用的几种株行距中,1.0 m×4.5 m的株行距为最佳的枣与冬小麦间作模式。     

Optimal model and algorithm for flexible job-shop scheduling problem based on demand time window

Aiming at the scheduling problem for jit delivery under the pulling type production, an optimal method for flexible job-shop scheduling problem (FJSP) based on demand time window is proposed. According to the demand time window of every workpiece, an optimal model for FJSP is constructed to maximize the average membership degree based on the completion time for every workpiece.Then, a tabu search algorithm based on multi-stage hybrid mutation is proposed and designed.To improve the convergence of the algorithm, inverse order mutation and gene segment swap mutation are used to find a good original solution, upon which gene swap mutation is used to find the optimal solution. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by applying to a multi-type and small-batch production manufacturing workshop.     

麦套棉行直达辐射时间的理论模型

针对麦棉套种的辐射竞争矛盾,结合气象学理论,初步建立了以棉行接受太阳直达辐射累积时间为主体的麦棉套种微气候学计算机模型。模拟结果表明,对棉花而言,东西行套种棉行受光较多,而南北行向则较少,小麦株高太高和预留棉行太窄,均会增加棉行的遮荫时间。理论分析认为,采用东西行种植,选择矮杆小麦品种或适时对小麦进行化学调控,起高垄种棉,用棉花育苗移栽方法缩短麦棉共生期等措施,皆有利于培育壮苗,为获得高产打下良好基础。     

双季青贮玉米模式物质生产及资源利用效率研究

随着畜牧业产品需求不断增加,“节粮型”草食牲畜的高效舍饲畜牧业已向农区转移。为建立与农区畜牧业发展相适应的资源高效利用的新型饲料生产技术体系,2004—2005年在热量资源限制的两熟北缘区北京地区进行了双季青贮玉米周年高产的技术探索,对双季青贮玉米与冬小麦-夏玉米和单季春玉米不同模式的物质积累量和生育过程的光、温、水资源的实际利用效率进行系统测定分析。结果表明,双季青贮地膜玉米-玉米模式优于传统模式冬小麦-夏玉米,其全年干物质生产率提高10.3%,能量提高12%,总辐射利用效率提高12.5%,热量资源生产效率提高22.5%,水分生产效率增加36.3%。与单季春玉米模式相比,在干物质生产率、能量、总辐射利用效率、光能生产效率上更具有明显优势。由此可见,通过利用全年两季C₄玉米的高光效,早春覆膜栽培以及两季品种有效配置,不但可以充分利用两熟区的自然资源,而且为该区畜牧发展提供了一条新型的高产高效种植模式。     

热泵技术在温室中的应用

为了探究热泵技术在农业领域可持续发展的应用前景,通过对热泵的发展概况、工作原理以及在各种温室上的应用展开分析探讨。综述了国内近20年的热泵在温室上的应用,研究表明：热泵在温室的应用上存在着一定的地域局限性和环境局限性,而复合型热泵可以通过相互间的取长补短打破这一局限性。因此今后需要将复合型热泵作为重点研究对象,促使热泵在温室上应用更为广泛。热泵系统作为一种节能、高效、环保的新型节能技术,受到大众的青睐,在农业领域的可持续发展有较好的应用前景。     

偏高秆偏大穗杂交粳稻屉优418和 辽优5218的抗倒伏能力分析

文章对偏高秆、偏大穗杂交粳稻屉优418、辽优5218组合在随机区组三次重复、较高肥力条件下的抗倒伏能力进行了分析。研究认为偏高秆、偏大穗杂交粳稻屉优418、辽优5218组合具有抗倒伏能力强的理想茎秆物理形状：地上部第一伸长节间长度很短，地上部第二伸长节间长度也较短，基部茎秆截面椭圆长轴、短轴长和面积大，壁厚宽和茎壁截面积大，植株表现出抗倒伏能力强；在育种和栽培实践中，通过减少第一和第二伸长节间长度，适当加强茎秆基部物理性状的强度，降低穗位，增加穗长和穗颈长度等，可以提高杂交粳稻植株的抗倒性，使倒伏与株高和生物产量的矛盾在更高产水平上得到统一