湖南省农产品加工企业创业营销的SWOT研究

近年来湖南省的农产品加工企业数量逐年增加,规模逐渐扩大。在了解湖南省农产品加工企业营销现状的基础上,对正在建立和成长的农产品加工企业的创业营销进行了SWOT(即优势、劣势、机遇和威胁)分析并提出了未来发展的策略。     

农业企业创新技术采纳影响因素研究 ——基于TOE研究框架

采纳行为作为创新技术在组织中应用与实施的首要步骤，对于保证后者的效果十分重要。借助近年来在技术采纳领域被广泛应用的TOE研究框架，以影响中国农业企业创新技术采纳的各类因素为研究对象，从创新技术特性、企业组织特性和外部环境特性3个方面科学地归纳出技术的感知收益、成本、相容性和组织的集权化、正规化、企业规模、高层主管的创新特性以及外部环境中竞争压力、政府的推动作用、已采纳者的影响等10项指标，不仅丰富了农业技术采纳理论，而且对于农业企业技术创新实践也具有重大的指导价值。     

金融支持杨凌农业高新技术企业发展问题研究

杨凌各金融机构给予杨凌示范区农业高新技术企业有力的支持,并积极探索多种信贷方式,以满足企业的需要。尽管如此,仍存在着不能满足企业对贷款的需求、放款不及时、因银行员工素质不高而影响信贷等现象。这既有企业自身的问题,也有信贷准入门槛过高、杨凌金融部门放贷权限不够等原因。为此,我们提出建立农业高新技术企业评价委员会、降低农业高新技术企业信贷门槛、扩大信贷权限、增加资金来源、完善担保体系和提高员工素质等应对策略,以便金融部门更好地支持杨凌农业高新技术企业发展。     

Information systems planning model and its applicationin automobile manufacturing enterprises

Effective information strategy and information systems are important for the development of automobile manufacturing enterprises. In complicated and dynamic business environment, information systems planning (ISP) faces the problem of lacking integrated optimization of enterprise strategy, business strategy, and IT strategy. A hierarchical information system planning model is developed for automobile manufacturing enterprises. A planning approach is proposed to make the information system continuously mating the enterprises' strategy. The proposed studies were applied to agile ISP of an automobile manufacturing enterprise with satisfied result.     

浅谈我国肉类加工企业在发展冷链物流中的现状

冷链物流是保证肉类食品质量安全和提高人们生活水平的重要保障。结合国内外冷链物流的发展情况,分析了我国肉类加工企业在冷链物流体系中应承担的责任和起到的作用,提出我国在完善冷链管理的法律法规和行业标准的同时,肉类加工企业应该注重人才培养和设备的投入,建立完善的冷链物流体系,促进行业发展。     

Set-Up and Operation of inner markets in the large construction company

In order to increase the economic benefits of building enterprises, as a vailid way,it is advisable to practise the method of project management and set up the market of essential factors of production, then, the responsibility, authority and benefit should be implemented down to everyone or every benefical subject. Analyzing the enterprises,present situation, the article aims to solve the probelems of how to set up the inner markets of talented persons, labour services, material supply, facility leasing and funds.     

Relationship Between Ownership Structures and Performance inChinese Electronic Enterprises

This paper investigates the relationship between ownership structure and corporate performance in Chinese electronic enterprises systematically, using ROA as the dependent variable while ownership concentration and structure as the explanatory variables. The empirical results show that:Chinese electronic enterprises' strength is not balanced and their ownership structure is very concentrated. Each of state ownership,legal person ownership and individual ownership has no significant effect on firm performance.     

Economic Sense of Mortgage and Guarantee in Credit Contract

There exists the information asymmetry between banks and enterprises that need loan, which can cause the problem of adverse selection. With the symmetry information, banks and enterprises can manage to reach best contracts. However, with the information asymmetry, when banks select the price of loan according to the average risk level of borrowers, the problem of adverse selection appears. Mortgage and guarantee are all very helpful to deal with adverse selection in some sides. For example, guarantee can send a signal to banks that enterprises could be low risky, and mortgage can make highly risky enterprises give up borrowing since it will bear more responsibility for its fail. A form of contract that connects the price of loan with the value of mortgage can help to recognize the style of different borrowers.     

基于食品供应链的核心企业社会责任评价指标及权重研究

建立食品企业社会责任评价指标及计算其权重,有助于食品企业切实履行社会责任,从而为评价食品企业履行社会责任水平提供一个衡量标准。办研究在建立企业社会责任评价指标后,运用层次分析法（简称AHP）,确定其权重。合法经营、食品安全、盈利能力、工资/福利、依法纳税、对供应商的监督管理、合理定价、员工休假和工作环境是18项评价指标中所占比重最高的指标,分别为18.48%、12.14%、11.67%、10.19%、9.24%、6.6%、6%和4.45%,反应了不同的社会责任有着不同的重要性,慈善公益责任只有2.33%属于次重要的社会责任。合法经营和食品安全责任是重中之重,要提高企业社会责任水平应优先考虑,兼顾其他社会责任。     

Research on Complexity of Supply Chain Based on Single Point Buying Model

While lots of enterprises use the single point buying model to make profits, few of them noticethe fact that the business complexitieswill finally shift to each pole of the supply chain, therefore, greatly increaseother enterprises'workloads, especially for suppliers. This shows the necessityof supply chain's complexity analysis under the single point buying circumstances. On the basis of the previous research, the frameworkof complexityanalysis for enterprises is built.It is pointed out that the five stages for the complexity analysis of the supply chain are advanced, and an exampleis given to show how the complexitiescaused by single point buying shift betweenbuyers and suppliers. On the basis of data analysis, a general mathematics model which could define the complexity relationships among the entitieson the supply chain is given and the model can help enterprises to Through comparingeach participants on supply chain, their relationship canbe clarified, and the effectof the improvement of the supply chain relationship can be predicted Through systematically comparing process, product line and production, enterprises' inner productiontransformcanbe guided.     

Legal Ponder over the Agent of Environmental Impact Assessment

The Environmental Impact Assessment Law of our country stipulated that the project and construction items should be assessed using the method of environmental impact. The planning office becomes the agent of environmental impact assessment is as important as the agent of project construction for the first time. The scope, duty, and the legal responsibility of the agent, which does the assessment using the method of environmental impact, should be standardized and perfected. It will be helpful to implement the work of environmental assessment and make it legal.     

关于建立农业立法后评估制度的构想

农业立法后评估是提升农业立法质量的一项重要制度,目前该制度在中国农业立法中尚属空白,因此,有必要进行深入的研究和探讨。作为一种制度创新,农业立法后评估具有重大的理论及现实意义。一方面,它将推动农业立法思想的发展和立法观念的转变,另一方面,它将在实践中发挥全面、客观检视农业立法实效性和合理性的作用,促进农业立法的科学化、民主化,不断提高农业立法的水平,进而为发展现代农业和建设社会主义新农村提供可靠的法制保障。然而,农业立法后评估制度的构建是一项非常复杂的系统性工程,为了勾画出一个切实可行的构想方案,首先对农业立法后评估的概念进行了界定,介绍了农业立法后评估的现状,同时对该制度的各项构成要素进行了初步的分析论证,探讨了评估的主体、对象、内容以及评估的原则、标准、方法和程序,从整体上提出了关于建构农业立法后评估制度的意见和见解。     

基于QS认证审核下的休闲食品质量安全调查

为了探究QS认证审核制度对休闲食品生产加工企业产品质量安全的影响,面向95家休闲食品生产企业问卷调查,回收60份有效问卷。调查统计结果表明,65%被调查者对QS内容是认知的;94.7%在1 000万元以上规模企业工作的被调查者认为,QS制度有利于企业加强食品安全管理力度、规范操作、提高环境卫生、改善经营状况;100%的被调查者不赞成取消QS认证审核制度;70%的被调查者认为休闲食品标签"QS"不等同质量安全。建议加大休闲食品生产加工企业食品安全知识宣传教育,减免或取消QS认证审核成本费用,加强QS认证审核的后期监管和指导。     

新生代农民工的社会保障权益问题研究——基于苏州328名新生代农民工的调查

新生代农民工对中国的经济转型发展起着重要作用,其社会保障权益直接影响到新生代农民工的生存与发展问题。对江苏省苏州市328名新生代农民工的社会保障权益现状进行实地调查,发现其社会保障权益现状与诉求仍有较大差距。社会保障制度的不完善性、地区间社会保障模式差异性,加之企业逃避责任现象和新生代农民工的主观因素,均对新生代农民工的社会保障权益问题产生重要影响。笔者结合产业升级的社会化大背景与新生代农民工自身特点,从国家、政府、企业、新生代农民工四方面,提出完善社会保障制度、提高统筹层次、加强企业责任监督、提高新生代农民工自身素质的对策建议。     

Existence Value,Contingent Valuation,and Natural Resources Damages Assessment

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to review recent developments in economics and public policy with regard to environmental resources. We describe the traditional concepts of externalities, public goods, efficient property rights, and the more recent concept of existence values for wilderness areas and other natural resources. A feature is the inclusiveness of modem economic theory. We trace the development of economic approaches to estimating values. We briefly review approaches based on observable market behavior and contingent market responses. Contingent valuation plays a vital role in estimation because it is the sole technique available for estimating the potentially important existence values. Benefit-cost analysis for regulatory decisions and natural resource damages assessment for implementation of Superfund legislation are discussed. We conclude that estimates of existence values based on contingent valuation can be useful especially when the alternative is greater reliance upon an imperfect political process.     

The Environment

The 1990s represented a decade of immense changes in environmental management in New Zealand. This paper outlines the challenges of implementing the widespread reforms started in the 1980s. In terms of the environment, reforms came in the form of a large volume of new legislation and a new system of decentralised planning and management. This paper discusses these changes in the context of a shift toward a new environmental paradigm. Key issues and initiatives of the 1990s are discussed which address sustainability, integration, environmental leadership, and public involvement. Specific strategies are outlined in reference to biodiversity, which has been identified as New Zealand's most pervasive environmental issue. Ongoing challenges for the future include how to better involve stakeholders to incorporate alternative values in decision making.     

Strengthening Mechanisms to Promote Tourists' Environmental Responsible Behaviors in the Context of All-for-One Tourism

The overall promotion of all-for-one tourism requires tourists' civilized behaviors. This paper focused on tourists' environmental responsible behaviors in the context of all-for-one tourism. On the basis of clarifying the connotation, dimension and driving factors of tourists' environmental responsible behaviors, this paper firstly analyzed the relationship between all-for-one tourism and tourists' environmental responsible behaviors, and proposed that the development of all-for-one tourism was an important path to optimize and upgrade China's tourism industry and a new concept of sustainable development of tourism industry. The emergence of all-for-one tourism has formed a new tourism trend, which will drive tourists to behave more civilly. Tourists' environmental responsible behaviors are a "subject and share" concept, and from tourists' point of view, all-for-one tourism development is the most basic requirement. Secondly, based on the theory of "value-belief-norm", this paper focused on the strengthening mechanism of "interaction effect" between all-for-one tourism and tourists' environmental responsible behaviors, and put forward the idea of "double internalization strengthening" to guide tourists' environmental responsible behaviors from being passive to active, from individuals to groups. Finally, this paper discussed the promotion of environmental responsible behaviors of tourist's specific strategies from two aspects, "external drive" and "internal drive" to enhance the level of all-for-one tourism construction and strengthen the environment responsibility of tourists. "External drives" were as follows:(1) to make a scientific development plan to implement the "host and guest sharing" mechanism;(2) to optimize the landscape, the environment, services, enhance the local attachment of visitors;(3) to improve the infrastructure system, pay attention to the details of visitors' experience;(4) to strengthen environment education and publicity, deepening the quality of tourists' civilization construction, and strengthen the environmental responsible behaviors of tourists. "Internal drives" were as follows:(1) to strengthen the sense of environmental responsibility of tourists;(2) to establish a model of environmental responsible behaviors;(3) to strengthen the supervision of environmental responsible behaviors.     

生态农业制度的障碍分析与法律对策

中国目前还没有真正意义上的生态农业法律制度。现有的生态农业法律保障措施主要是以自然资源保护和防治污染为基础的生态环境保护法律体系为依托。在概述生态农业制度的基础上,分析了明确生态农业法律制度在思想意识领域、社会结构现状、法律导向等方面存在的几大障碍。最后从进一步明确生态农业的本质属性,加快生态农业的配套性立法,加强地方立法等方面就如何消除生态农业制度的障碍提出了几点对策,以期推动中国生态农业的立法进程     

Analysis of Causes and Impacts of Soft Budget Constraints of Enterprises Based on Dynamic Game for Three Players

This paper researches the behavior difference among government,banks and enterprises and how it affects soft budget constraints of enterprises and non-performing loans of banks based with dynamic game.The game model suggests that government will give banks some assistance and let them refinance enterprises,especially government has strong(incentive) to sustain SOEs in China's transitional economy.Banks will do it if the assistance from government is more than the loss from refinance enterprises.In addition the value of liquidation of enterprises and the new loans affect banks' refinancing old enterprises.     

中国农村耕地保护的新制度经济学研究

耕地是支撑经济社会发展的重要资源,也是农业、农村经济保持可持续发展的关键。首先阐述了中国农村耕地保护的现状及政策变迁,之后运用新制度经济学的产权理论、制度均衡理论以及制度供求博弈理论探讨了耕地保护问题,得出了建立有效的产权制度是保护耕地的关键,耕地保护制度均衡的重点在于责任的归属和利益分配,同时地方政府与用地企业在促进经济发展而占用耕地追求自身利益的同时要兼顾村集体以及农户利益的结论。并在此基础上,提出了完善土地产权制度,建立有效的制度需求反馈制度,中央政府在保证制度均衡的前提下加大监督力度,从根本上杜绝各级政府的寻租行为以及切实保障农户的利益等对策措施。另外,本研究方法和视角也在应对农村耕地日趋严重的“非农化”问题方面拓展并丰富相关领域的研究。