Study on Pattern of Urbanization Development in Chongqing

As a municipality directly under central government, Chongqing has a dual economic structure. We can't break away from its history and realistic condition while studying its urbanization development model. In this paper, taking the theory of urbanization development as the foundation, fully using the experience in urbanization of developed area for reference in combination with the reality in Chongqing, the urbanization development model for Chongqing is put forward as "metropolitan area + dot-axle type town strap", that is, taking metropolis area as the center and Yangtze river and Line 319 (Yuhai Railway) as the development axle and the towns along the axle as the node, the development is carried out like a string of beads to form a network type urban system with metropolitan area as center and cities such as Wanzhou, Fuling and Qianjiang etc along Yangtze River as the regional center.     

Applying SLEUTH model for simulating urban growth scenario of Chongqing districts

Districts of Chongqing is selected as the study area, which has a rapid rate of urbanization and eco-environmental pressure. The fundamental data of this study is the remote images and urban planning images of Chongqing city in 1988, 1993, 2000 and 2007. After data processing by RS and GIS, model calibration is applied to obtain the best parameters for the SLEUTH model. Then, the SLEUTH model is used for the simulation of the urban growth over the past 20 years. On the basis, the SLEUTH model is applied to predict the situation of urban expansion of the region in the next 10 years. The simulation results show that the calibrated model has a higher simulated precision for the urban expansion of study area, and the pace of urbanization has become relatively rapid in the study area, which may be closely related to the current land planning, road construction, industrial structure and economic policy.     

城市空间增长效应评价方法——以重庆市为例

在城市空间快速增长背景下,开展城市空间增长效应评价研究,有助于解决城市空间增长中出现的问题,可为确定城市空间发展战略、制定空间发展政策提供依据。城市空间增长效应评价方法旨在定量、客观地判断城市空间增长过程中要素配置与运行是否合理、高效和公平。笔者建立了结构配置效应、经济配置效应和公平配置效应3个方面的评价体系,通过目标法对城市空间增长效应进行评价,得出空间增长效应评价函数。以重庆市为例进行实证分析,结果显示：重庆市2004-2013年间的城市空间增长效应总体呈上升发展趋势,结构性、公平性趋好;合理配置效应和经济配置效应波动显著,反映出城市建设面临的用地结构优化、用地效率提升等方面的问题。     

On Development of Small Towns and Estimate of Urban Land - use - A Case Study in Dazu County, Chongqing

The urbanization level and demand of urban land-use in future are forecast on the basis of natural condition, social and economic environment and the present condition of development in Dazu County. In the future, the supply-demand contradiction in urban land will be more intensive with acceleration of urbanization. Therefore, on one hand, urban land in major towns should be increased properly with centralization and land rearrangement of rural settlements;on the other hand, utilization ratio of land should be improved with enhancement of intensive use of urban land. In Dazu County, the demand of urban land should be satisfied primarily in towns with strong economy and urban land use should be increased properly in towns with general economic level but with potential economic development in the future. As for other towns, the urban land-use increase should be controlled.     

An Evidential Analysis on the Rural Urbanization Development in Chongqing

The rural urbanization process in Chongqing is much slower than that in other metropolitans and most of the provinces in eastern China, which can't adapt to its important function as the economic and cultural center in southwestern China.It is urgent for Chongqing to accelerate the rural urbanization for improving its whole urbanization level and speeding up its economy development to catch up with other metropolitans and some advanced provinces.Compared with the urbanization in other metropolitans and some provinces, the authors demonstrated the rural urbanization situation and its characteristics in Chongqing in details, analyzed the reasons for the poor urbanization and its influences on the social-economic development especially that in the rural area.Inferior position of Chongqing's small towns in the market competition with those from other provinces is one of the results of its poor urbanization development.At last, the authors suggested a few practical countermeasures to improve the rural urbanization in order to get a rapid and sustainable rural development and to increase the whole economic effects of the metropolitan.     

Analysis of Traffic Block in Downtown Area

With social and economic development in the past decades, the cities and towns was in rapid progress of urbanization. Under such circumstances, certain "urban concerns" causing serious problems in urban growth were arisen and attracted general attention. Located in the central plains in China, Zhengzhou has taken several strategies in its urbanization to ensure its urban development, including loop construction and "smooth transmit" program. However, the traffic block in downtown area always exists and has impact in certain level on the social and economic development in Zhengzhou, which is actually a common issue in other large cities of central and western China. Beginning with analysis of the patterns of urban spatial forms, in this paper, the main transportation issues of downtown area in Zhengzhou were discussed to find a way for its solution.     

Grey Cluster Analysis of Same Electricity Pricing in the Same Power Net in the City and Countryside in Chongqing Power Market

The economic difference in Chongqing municipality is very obvious.Chongqing must suit measures to local conditions to carry out this policy.The electricity pricing is the point of balance of the power market.The policy of same electricity pricing in same net interacts with the Chongqing power market.On the ground of Chongqing municipality power market,this paper classifies the cardinal index and sets up a grey index system including the gross domestic production,per capital gross domestic production,per capita income,power management system,population density,power consumption levle,social retail amount.Region division by means of grey cluster provides the base of decision making for the successful application of same electricity pricing in same net in Chongqing municipality.     

A Study on Human Settlement Environment from View Point of Regional Culture

Culture is a basic element in human settlement environment.In this paper,considering the characters of progress in China's urban development in different stages,the urban culture is studied in respect of the age and space,then the connotation and development of regional culture are discussed.Through comparing the growth of Chongqing and Hong Kong cities,this paper presents a new idea for the study on Chinese urban development of modern times from the view point of regional culture.     

Urban Environmental and Urban Ecological Problems in the Sustainable Development of Chongqing City and Its Countermeasures

The main urban environmental and urban ecological problems existing in the sustainable development of Chongqing city were introduced in this paper. Furthermore, the causes and features of these problems were analyzed. At last, some countermeasures, which would provide some scientific bases for accelerating the urban sustainable development of Chongqing city, were suggested.     

Update Planning and Design Concepts of Taiping Old Downtown Areas in Shuangliu

China has witnessed unprecedented rapid and massive urbanization in recent years, and the urbanization has infl uenced almost all corners of the country, which is a natural process and necessary result of the social and economic development. Development and expansion of cities has been the keynote of the contemporary era. Meanwhile, existence and future development of traditional urban areas that have gone through the long-term natural development have been faced with serious crisis. This paper focused on the relative constancy and changeability of major elements in the natural evolution of traditional cities and towns, so as to explore an organic development mechanism, and make a daring attempt in update planning of old downtown areas of Taiping Town in Shuangliu County. On this basis, the paper aims at exploring a new development concept for common cities and towns that balances inheritance and innovation.     

The Causes and Control Measures for the Traffic Exhaust Pollution in Chongqing

Currently the air pollution in Chongqing is mainly caused from burning coal and there is a decreasing trend because of the effective treatment. However, due to the urban development and the inflating quantity of automobile in Chongqing, the amount of the traffic exhaust is increasing gradually. To take measures against the traffic exhaust in advance based on the air pollution trend can reduce the difficulty and the cost of controlling the air pollution in Chongqing in the future. This paper analyzes the factors causing the traffic exhaust pollution in Chongqing, and puts forwards some control measures.     

基于熵权法赋权的区域耕地整理潜力评价

在构建区域耕地整理潜力评价指标体系的基础上,将熵权法与综合评价法结合起来对重庆市耕地整理潜力进行了定量化评价。重庆市耕地整理潜力评价结果表明,在评价指标权重分布上,投入产出率>林地面积比重提高率>耕地产出提高率>增加耕地系数,耕地整理潜力由大到小可划分为4个等级,从潜力等级的分布来看,耕地整理潜力最大的区域主要分布在三峡生态经济区,而耕地整理潜力次之的区域主要在渝西地区。就重庆市耕地整理潜力而言,渝西地区经济基础比较好,发展速度相对较快,投入产出率高,耕地整理投入优势显著,而三峡库区未来生态效益较高,耕地整理对实现资源可持续利用有利     

Tourism Marketing Strategies for Satellite City against the Background of New Urbanization

Considering the development features of new urbanization, and tourism development conditions of Xinzhou District, Wuhan City, this paper explored the inner integrated point of new urbanization and tourism industry, and on this basis proposed strategies for tourism marketing of satellite city by innovating traditional marketing, and applying new marketing methods, so as to build a high-efficiency, high-coverage marketing network, to promote the development of urban tourism, the integration of industries, and economic strength of satellite city, and to push forward the further implementation of new urbanization.     

Assessment of the Importance of Greenery in Urban Planning in Modern Britain

In recent years, the world has embraced rapid and large-scale urbanization making more citizens share the progress of society, such as abundant commodities, convenient and fast transportation, excellent medicine and education. For the urbanization, more land inside or around the limited cities have been exploited at the expense of greenery to build buildings as well as infrastructure to satisfy the according demands caused by urbanization. But human beings can never live without greenery, and more citizens mean more needs on greenery. In view of this, the importance of greenery has been increasingly recognized by urban planners and policy makers. This essay aimed to explore the role that greenery plays in urban planning in modern Britain and provided the theoretical basis for better utilization of greenery in the future urban planning.     

农地城市流转驱动力与农地保护研究

无论在发达国家，还是在发展中国家，农地城市流转现象是其实现工业化和城市化所必须付出的一种代价，已经成为经济发展和城市化、工业化进程中的一个普遍现象。人多地少的国情决定我国农地保护的重要性，但是对处于城市化的加速发展阶段的中国，农地流转必将会持续一段时间，可见，我国农地保护面临的形势不容乐观。本文在他人研究的基础上，认为农地是在地方政府、村经济集体、农民、企业以及居民几大动力主体的相互作用下，在制度缺陷、经济增长、区位状况、城市化以及价值观念驱动力的共同作用下，不断地向城市转移的。最后，提出了保护农地，必须树立科学发展观等对策。     

四川省城市土地利用效率与经济耦合协调度研究

解决城市用地供需矛盾的关键是提高土地利用效率。为了测度城市经济与土地利用效率之间的协调程度,通过建立综合评价指标体系,利用因子分析法,对城市经济与土地利用效率进行综合评价,然后借鉴物理学中的耦合度函数,测算地级城市经济与城市土地利用效率之间的耦合协调程度。分别得到四川省18个城市1998至2008年的协调度,同时对不同地级城市、不同年份的计算结果作横向和纵向的比较,动态地分析与考察,结果表明四川省地级城市经济与城市土地利用效率的协调程度虽然逐步提高,但是总体上水平不高,只有发展经济与提高土地利用效率并举,才能改进协调度,从而为政府实施城市经济发展的可持续土地利用战略提供决策依据。     

Construction Approaches of Urban Spongy Park Based on Low Impact Development

Rapid urbanization has brought various water-concerning problems to cities, such as water source scarcity, water pollution, fl ood disaster, and habitat loss of aquatic life, Low Impact Development(LID) is a signifi cant approach of solving these problems. Through sorting out causes and connotations of LID and urban spongy park, this proposed that fl exible design is the core content of spongy park construction, and on this basis analyzed objectives, contents and approaches of urban spongy park construction, put forward strategies suitable for the construction of urban spongy parks in China, in order to instruct future construction of domestic urban spongy parks and promote the development of ecological civilization.     

Harmonious Town Development in Wujiang River Basin and Three Gorges Area

The relations between construction of Three Gorges Project and development of Wujiang River Basin are illustrated from three aspects. The importance of harmonious township development in Wujiang River Basin and Three Gorges Area is discussed and the strategies for harmonious development are proposed. Firstly, to promote the hydroelectric power development of the stream and accelerate the urbanization of Wujiang River Basin; next, establish rational urban system structure to realize the regional harmonious development within Three Gorges Area. Detailed proposition is given in this paper to establish the spatial relations between Wujiang River Basin and Three Gorges Area and further suggestion is put forward to perform research on urbanization and urban systems in these areas.     

Sustainable urbanization in Southeast Asia and beyond: Challenges of population growth,land use change,and environmental health

As economic growth centres, the Southeast Asian cities feature high population pressure, unsustainable land use, environmental degradation, and large ecological footprints. It is difficult to manage environmental health and basic services for urban dwellers, and ensure optimum flow of ecosystem services in the context of rapid, unplanned, and haphazard urbanization. These challenges are particularly multifaceted in the developing countries of Southeast Asian region. This study, based on secondary sources, adopted multidisciplinary lenses, such as geographical information systems, socio‐economic perspective, and sustainability science to examine the population situation, land use change pattern, and drivers of environmental degradation in the Southeast Asian cities as well as the Dhaka megacity, and brought forth a fresh perspective to look into contemporary urban ecosystems, population dynamics, environmental health, and sustainability. It also focused on identifying the commonalities among the cities under study to create a common understanding towards promoting collaborative urban development. This study shows that the urbanization process in the Southeast Asia region is taking place mostly in an unplanned and haphazard manner. With little concern for nature, life‐supporting ecological systems, and the environment, urban spatial growth continues unabated. The data surveyed and discussed in this paper shows that the current style of urbanization in Southeast Asia can best be called unsustainable. The findings also suggest that the general wellbeing and welfare of the current and future generations in Southeast Asian cities as well as in Dhaka is at risk. The paper recommends concerted efforts towards making the urbanization process sustainable, including better urban planning, policymaking, and international and regional cooperation.     

基于回归分析的重庆市长寿区城镇化进程中的耕地保护问题研究

“十一五”期间,重庆市长寿区城镇化快速发展,同时耕地资源大幅减退,经济发展矛盾日益突出。为了保护长寿区耕地资源,保证粮食安全,缓减城镇化发展面临的资源压力,通过建立回归模型,定量分析长寿区城镇化与耕地资源变化的关系,以求促进经济社会可持续发展。结果表明,城镇化的快速发展是耕地资源减少的直接动因,城镇化程度越高的地区,耕地面积减少越大,从而提出优化空间布局,加强农用地转用管理,开展土地整治,创新土地管理制度等措施解决耕地问题。