长颈鹿胃肠卡他性炎诊治

<正>1发病情况长颈鹿5.5岁,体重约500kg,2005年7月生于青岛森林野生动物世界。2011年9月20日起出现食欲减少、反刍缓慢,粪便成团;中期表现为腹痛、腹胀,精神逐步委靡;后期粪便松散不成型,内有黏液膜性物附着于粪便,内有未消化的苜蓿草杆等临床症状。     

牛胃肠积沙的诊治

牛的胃肠积沙 ,中兽医又叫砂石积。是牛长时间采食混有泥沙等不洁净的饲草料 ,或患有异食癖的病牛长时间舔食墙土、泥沙等 ,从而导致胃肠积沙 ,消化机能受到扰乱 ,食欲减退 ,反刍减少或变弱。本病不仅会使牛生产性能下降 ,还易导致循环衰弱 ,甚至死亡。1　临床症状　 轻者主要表现为前胃迟缓、慢性胃肠胃卡他的症状 ,并且逐渐消瘦 ,胃肠音减弱 ,粪稀干燥 ,粪便中偶尔混有细沙 ;重者食欲废绝 ,鼻镜稍干 ,被毛粗乱、焦黄 ,经常性下痢 ,贫血 ,日渐消瘦。有的还表现腹痛 (哞叫、回头顾腹等 ) ,磨牙 ,口角流涎 ,气喘等症状。粪色发暗 ,严重者粪便…     

中西药结合治疗黄牛胃肠炎

黄牛胃肠炎是胃肠粘膜及其深层组织发生炎症变化。在临床上出现严重的胃肠机能障碍以及自体中毒症状。病牛体温升高、腹泻、粪便腥臭、粪中混有粘液或血样分泌物,食欲反复消失,但口渴增加。     

猪腹泻

猪腹泻(Diarrhea in pig)是猪多种疾病常见症状之一.作为一种症状而言,腹泻与"下痢"、"拉稀"是同义词,指粪便中水份含量增加,从而导致机体水分和盐的丧失.腹泻与胃肠炎是有区别的,胃肠炎是指胃肠粘膜或粘膜下层组织重剧性炎症,一方面,腹泻并不都是由胃肠炎引起,如大肠杆菌(E.co1i)产生的肠毒素并不损伤肠粘膜细胞,但它可促使肠细胞向肠腔内分泌水和电解质,导致腹泻;另一方面,胃肠炎并不一定都会引起腹泻,如胃及小肠前段的炎症,虽然在炎症部位也有液体分泌增加和炎症产物产生,但大肠吸收功能正常,多余的水分被重吸收,临床上并不表现腹泻.     

如何治疗和预防腊肠犬的胃肠炎疾病

犬胃肠炎指的是犬胃肠表层粘膜及其深层组织出现的急性或慢性炎症,其临床主要表现为严重的胃肠机能紊乱、体温升高、粪便带血或混有脱落粘膜、腹泻,脱水、自体中毒和毒血症症状,胃肠壁出现充血、出血、化脓或坏死等病变,使患犬在1~2 d甚至数小时之内死亡,故应引起足够重视.本文主要针对一起腊肠犬病毒性胃肠炎病例展开研究.     

波尔山羊胃肠疾病的诊断及治疗

近年来,山羊养殖业发展快速,在临床中胃肠疾病发病较多。1胃肠炎胃肠炎是由于某种致病因子引发的胃肠粘膜以及深层组织发生的炎症。病羊多表现为肠炎。1.1症状经常有口腔炎及大量唾液流出,精神不振,食欲及反刍减少或消失,皮温不整。呼吸及脉搏加快,用手触摸腹部有痛感。同时临床上还拌随腹泻,腹泻时肠音加强,粪便呈稀软或水样,腥臭或恶臭。羊     

犬、猫急性胃肠卡他的诊断及治疗

<正>胃肠炎是胃肠道表层黏膜及深层组织的炎症,临床上以消化紊乱、呕吐、腹泻、腹痛、发热和代谢性酸(碱)中毒为特征。现就犬、猫急性胃肠卡他的发病原因、临床症状及治疗措施报道如下。1症状1.1急性胃卡他患病犬、猫最初表现精神沉郁,不喜欢运动;体温正常;食欲减退;饮欲最初无明显变化,但随呕吐     

浅谈肉鸡肠毒综合征的发病原因及防治对策

<正> 近年来,在商品肉鸡饲养实践中,出现了一种新病,引起了业内人士的广泛关注。其临床症状主要表现为:早期消化不良,拉饲料便,中期鸣叫,拉两红柿样或鱼肠子样粪便为特征,后期以惊叫、奔跑、突然死亡或头颈震颤、瘫痪等神经症状为特征。发病日龄最早在十几天,大部分在15～30日龄之间,死亡率10%～50%不等,发病越早,死亡率越高。病理剖检变化主要见于小肠后段充血、溃疡,无内容物或有红色内容物,直肠壶部膨大,内有红白色粪便,其他脏器无异常。我们将上述以肠道症状为主的新病称之为"肠毒综合征"。     

引起家兔粪便异常的主要疾病及其防治

1 毛球病 1.1 病因及症状 粪便干硬,粪粒大小不均或成串,内有兔毛,多为毛球病.在养兔生产中本病是一种比较常见的家兔代谢病,多是由于家兔食人过多的兔毛,兔毛在胃内团绕再与胃内容物相混绕而形成毛球混合物,滞留在胃内越积越大,阻塞胃肠道而发病,严重影响家兔的皮毛质量及养殖效益.     

花椒白糖水治疗鸡法氏囊炎的探讨

鸡法氏囊炎在临床上是常见多发疾病，因而往往给养鸡户造成较大的经济损失，严重阻碍了养鸡业的健康发展。为防治本病，笔者在实践中探讨了用花椒白糖水治疗鸡法氏囊炎，收到一定效果。临床症状：多年来，本站临近乡镇户养鸡不断发生传染性法氏囊炎。该病临床上主要特征是，发病快，病程短，发病高峰期2～3天。患鸡精神沉郁、闭眼、颈部乍毛，多卧或垂头呆立，排黄绿色水样粪便，肛门周围羽毛被粪便污染粘连。解剖病理变化；肠管内有大量的炎性分泌物及肠道内有出血点，盲肠及直肠内有蛋清样黄白或绿色粪便，腺胃与肌胃连接处有出血点。胸部…     

Fatal herpesvirus encephalitis in a reticulated giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata)

Fatal meningoencephalitis caused by equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) was diagnosed in a reticulated giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulate). The giraffe died following a history of stumbling, incoordination, and abdominal pain. Gross examination of the brain revealed asymmetric edema and red-brown discoloration, predominantly within the telencephalon. Microscopically, there was perivascular lymphohistiocytic cuffing, multifocal gliosis, and neuronal necrosis in the cerebrum. Necrotic neurons contained acidophilic intranuclear inclusions. EHV-1 was isolated from the brain of the giraffe, and polymerase chain reaction was positive on sections of the brain. Immunohistochemistry using an EHV-1-specific antibody identified positive staining in neurons, astrocytes, and endothelial cells. The giraffe had been housed with a group of zebras that were serologically positive for EHV-1 and suspected as the source of infection. This raises concerns for cross-species transmission of EHV-1 when housing equids together with other species in zoologic collections.     

Detection and characterisation of papillomavirus in skin lesions of giraffe and sable antelope in South Africa

Papillomavirus was detected electron microscopically in cutaneous fibropapillomas of a giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) and a sable antelope (Hippotragus niger). The virus particles measured 45 nm in diameter. Histopathologically, the lesions showed histopathological features similar to those of equine sarcoid as well as positive immunoperoxidase-staining of tissue sections for papillomavirus antigen. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected bovine papillomavirus (BPV) DNA. Bovine papillomavirus-1 was characterised by real-time PCR in the sable and giraffe, and cloning and sequencing of the PCR product revealed a similarity to BPV-1. As in the 1st giraffe, the lesions from a 2nd giraffe revealed locally malignant pleomorphism, possibly indicating the lesional end-point of papilloma infection. Neither virus particles nor positively staining papillomavirus antigen could be demonstrated in the 2nd giraffe but papillomavirus DNA was detected by real-time PCR which corresponded with BPV-1 and BPV-2.     

犬瘟热的流行病学调查及中西兽医结合治疗

对福建省厦漳地区近几年宠物医院收治的200例犬瘟热患犬的临床症状、发病与品种、年龄和季节的关系,治疗方法和结果进行总结分析。结果表明,犬瘟热的临床症状主要表现为眼、鼻有脓性分泌物,皮肤痘疹,消化道和神经系统症状,角膜溃疡甚至穿孔等。纯种犬的发病比例最高(69%),其次为杂种犬(24%),本地犬最低(7%);4~6月龄犬的发病比例最高(35%),1岁以上犬最低(4%);春季、秋季的发病比例(49%、37%)高于夏季、冬季(13%、10%)。单纯的中兽医或西医治疗效果(60%、50%)都不理想,中西兽医结合治疗的效果最好(90%)。     

1例长颈鹿跖骨骨折的诊断和治疗

介绍1例长颈鹿跖骨骨折的诊断与治疗。患鹿左侧跖骨远端开放性横骨折,采用全身镇静配合神经传导阻滞麻醉和局部浸润麻醉,使用外固定支架进行骨折断端的恢复,植入物完成后采用氩弧焊焊接牢固,术后恢复良好。     

野生草食动物源8株多杀性巴氏杆菌的PCR鉴定和分型

从表现出血性败血症临床症状的斑马、白唇鹿、黑鹿和长颈鹿中分离出8株多杀性巴氏杆菌（Pasteurellamuhtocida,Pm）,采用Pm种特异性的KMT1/KMT2引物分别与荚膜血清群特异性的Cap A1/Cap A2、Cap B1/CapB2、Cap D1/Cap D2引物组合来鉴定分离到的菌株,并与间接血凝试验及金黄色葡萄球菌抑制试验的结果相比较,证实PCR鉴定方法与传统的生化反应鉴定结果完全一致。荚膜PCR分型结果与间接血凝试验金黄色葡萄球菌抑制试验结果完全一致,这说明多重PCR方法可用于多杀性巴氏杆菌菌种及荚膜血清型的鉴定,我国野生草食动物多杀性巴氏杆菌病中存在多个荚膜血清型。     

Arthroscopic surgery in a reticulated giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata).

An 8-mo-old captive male reticulated giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata) developed an acute lameness (grade IV/V) of the right forelimb, with swelling of the metacarpophalangeal joint. A traumatic injury was suspected based on clinical, radiographic, and arthroscopic evaluation. Several abnormalities were identified arthroscopically, including synovitis, cartilage damage, and an osteochondral fragment. Medial collateral ligament damage was also suspected based on radiographic evaluation. Arthroscopy provided a means of diagnosis and treatment of the abnormalities identified. The lameness in this giraffe resolved within 6 wk following arthroscopic surgery.     

Mortality of captive giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) associated with serous fat atrophy: a review of five cases at Auckland Zoo.

Five giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) died peracutely within an 8-yr period. The giraffe were maintained in an outside enclosure during the day and moved under shelter at night. All the deaths occurred in winter. All the dead giraffe had serous fat atrophy at postmortem. The giraffe were fed good quantities of browse, together with alfalfa hay and commercial supplements. Retrospective analysis of the dietary ingredients showed that the diets were energy deficient. Subsequent additional high-energy feeds have caused a marked increase in surviving giraffe body weights although energy levels consumed were at the lower end of current recommendations. The relationship between low-energy reserves, high-energy demand in colder temperatures, and the possibility that hypoglycemia is a credible cause of the collapse of giraffe in these circumstances, is postulated to be the likely pathogenesis of giraffe deaths, previously reported elsewhere under the generic term "peracute mortality syndrome".     

中西医结合治疗牛百叶干研究

为研究中西医结合治疗牛百叶干的方法及效果。以一例患有瓣胃阻塞的病牛为例,经过中医单独治疗无效后,联合进行西医手术治疗和跟踪回访,评估中西医结合治疗效果,以期为该病的治疗与预防提供参考。研究结果表明,牛百叶干病是常见的一种消化道感染疾病之一,该病种疾病早期临床症状一般不甚明显,因此易被许多牛养殖户所忽略,等到发现病牛临床症状明显后,因其疾病带来了很多损失。该病主要发病原因之一,是由于牛在使役后的时间供给过度、牛的运动时间不足,或长期饲喂一些大量含粗纤维多的干硬、酸性、变质的动物饲料,加之牛每天饮水量的不足,致使牛体内火盛,病牛体内一般不仅严重缺水,而且在原本滞留于牛胃小叶里的饲料难以正常运转下行。中西医相结合对牛百叶干进行治疗,发病及时进行抢救,可具有良好的预防治疗康复效果,避免养殖户因此遭到重大经济损失。     

一例犬腹水病例的诊断与治疗

腹水是指在动物腹腔内充盈的液体处于非生理性存留的一种状态。液体可分为炎性渗出液和非炎性漏出液两种。腹水并不是一种独立的疾病,而是由其他病症引起的一种临床继发症状。腹水在临床上容易诊断通过视诊、触诊、叩诊结合腹腔穿刺实验可以综合诊,关键在于其病因难以诊断。本病例根据临床症状通过视诊、触诊、叩诊临床一般检查结合腹腔穿刺实验、血液常规检查、血液生化检查、血气检查、X光片检查、B 超检查、心电图检查结果判断是心源性腹水、稀血性腹水、瘀血性腹水、寄生虫还是中毒等引起的。然后采取对症对因治疗,去除病因。     

长颈鹿检疫设施设计与使用方法

2010年9月,北京野生动物园自南非进口3只长颈鹿,根据进口动物的检疫要求,所有来自南非的偶蹄类动物要严格检疫。为了完成对3只进口长颈鹿检疫任务,我们通过学习北京顺义的经验,在他们的基础上,进行改进,设计了适用于北京野生动物园的长颈鹿检疫设施。根据设计图纸,我们使用了1周的时间,动管部职工配合园区维修人员自己动手搭建了长颈鹿检疫长廊。2010年9月14日和10月5日,经过我们的实际应用,长颈鹿检疫设施虽然存在一些小缺陷,但使用效果很好,对长颈鹿2次5只的检疫采血操作顺利完成。