VEGF在1岁牦牛肺脏的表达分布研究

目的:研究血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)在牦牛肺脏组织中的表达分布。方法:选取1岁牦牛肺脏组织样本,制成石蜡切片,通过免疫组织化学染色观察牦牛肺脏组织的形态并检测VEGF在肺脏器官中的分布。结果:肺脏各级支气管上皮细胞、肺血管内皮细胞中VEGF的表达为强阳性。结论:通过分析VEGF于牦牛肺脏组织不同细胞中的表达情况,得出VEGF对其肺脏血管网的构建有着促进功能,进而推测VEGF因子对牦牛适应高原低氧环境有着重要作用。     

HIF-2α在藏羊肺脏的表达分布研究

目的:研究藏羊肺脏组织中低氧诱导因子(Hypoxia-inducible factor-2α,HIF-2α)的表达分布。方法:取藏羊肺脏组织作为试验样本,制成石蜡切片,通过HE染色法观察藏羊肺脏组织的形态结构,之后通过免疫组织化学染色观察藏羊肺脏组织的形态,并分析HIF-2α在藏羊肺脏器官中的表达分布结果。结果:HIF-2α表达为强阳性的是藏羊肺脏中的肺泡导管、末端细支气管和肺泡Ⅱ细胞部位。结论:此次试验通过研究HIF-2α在藏羊肺脏中的表达结果的分布,表明藏羊肺脏在肌细胞等结构的表达程度远低于肺泡导管、终末支气管上皮细胞和Ⅱ型肺泡细胞的表达程度。     

HIF-2α在1岁牦牛肺脏的表达分布研究

目的:研究低氧诱导因子(hypoxia inducible factor-2α,HIF-2α)在1岁牦牛肺脏组织中的表达分布。方法:选取1岁牦牛肺脏组织作为试验样本,制成石蜡切片,通过免疫组织化学染色观察牦牛肺脏组织的形态并检测HIF-2α在牦牛肺脏器官中的分布。结果:血管外膜、肺泡导管、末端细支气管和肺泡上皮细胞中HIF-2α的表达为强阳性。结论:通过分析HIF-2α于牦牛肺脏组织不同细胞中的表达情况,得出低氧能够促进HIF-2α在牦牛肺脏中的表达,进而推测HIF-2α因子对牦牛适应高原低氧环境有着重要作用。     

VEGF在绵羊卵巢中的表达分布研究

目的:研究血管内皮生长因子(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor,VEGF)在绵羊卵巢组织中的免疫定位.方法:选取绵羊的卵巢组织作为研究样本,制成切片,通过HE染色来观察其卵巢的形态结构,采用免疫组织化学SP法检测绵羊卵巢中VEGF的表达分布.结果:VEGF在绵羊卵巢各级卵泡中均有表达,...     

大通牦牛肺微血管的增龄性变化特点

为了阐明高原牦牛肺血管随海拔升高对高原低氧环境适应的结构学特点及发育学特点,试验采用免疫组织化学染色法对1日龄、30日龄、180日龄、成年牦牛肺血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的分布进行了研究。结果表明:VEGF大量分布于导气部上皮的Clara细胞胞质和伴行肺动脉内皮细胞胞质内,在导气部上皮的纤毛细胞、管壁平滑肌内也有分布,VEGF在肺动脉平滑肌中的分布随着管径的减小而减少;在呼吸部上皮内没有VEGF分布,仅在肺泡壁有散在分布。而大通牦牛肺组织VEGF的灰度值随着年龄的增长表现为先降低再升高,山东黄牛肺组织VEGF的灰度值随着年龄的增长表现为逐渐升高,而相同发育阶段大通牦牛肺组织VEGF灰度值极显著高于山东黄牛肺组织VEGF灰度值。表明低氧能刺激大通牦牛肺导气部和肺动脉内的VEGF含量增加,从而对牦牛肺脏新生微血管的形成产生影响,这可能是牦牛肺脏能适应高原低氧环境的重要因素。     

牦牛肺脏各支气管中EPO的表达差异研究

为研究促红细胞生成素（EPO）在牦牛肺脏各支气管中的表达差异性，本试验以高原牦牛肺脏作为研究对象，采用H&E染色、免疫组织化学染色的方法，对牦牛肺脏各支气管中EPO的分布与表达差异进行研究。H&E染色结果表明牦牛肺脏组织结构正常；免疫组织化学染色结果显示EPO在各支气管均有表达且黏膜皱襞为强阳性表达，平滑肌层、黏膜下层和外膜呈弱阳性表达。以上结果表明，牦牛肺脏各级支气管中EPO表达程度表现为黏膜上皮细胞强于平滑肌细胞、黏膜下层细胞与外膜细胞；且EPO在各级支气管均有表达，说明EPO对牦牛肺脏低氧适应性具有重要调控作用。     

CTGF和FGF-2在成年牦牛肺脏的分布

为了探讨成年牦牛肺脏对低氧环境的适应性结构的形成过程和机理,运用免疫组织化学方法对成年牦牛肺脏中CTGF和FGF-2的准确分布位置和表达量进行了研究。结果显示,CTGF主要分布于肺支气管及其分支上皮细胞,表达程度较强;少量分布在肺血管上皮、平滑肌细胞,表达程度较弱。FGF-2大量分布于肺支气管及其分支、肺动脉以及肺小动脉平滑肌层细胞,呈强表达;在内皮细胞细胞质中也有分布,其表达强度弱于平滑肌。结果表明,CTGF和FGF-2共同促进了成年牦牛肺脏对高原适应性结构的形成和维持。     

一例体细胞克隆黄牛肺脏的组织结构观察

作者应用石蜡切片及HE染色技术对体细胞克隆黄牛的肺脏及其细胞类型和形态进行了详细的观察。结果表明,光镜下,该体细胞克隆黄牛肺脏的组织结构与自然繁殖的黄牛肺脏的组织结构基本一致,包括支气管、细支气管、终末细支气管、呼吸性细支气管、肺泡管、肺泡囊及肺泡等结构,但体细胞克隆黄牛的细支气管管壁内的皱壁消失,其黏膜以单层立方上皮为主;肺泡处于半充容状态,肺泡腔狭小,肺泡膈较厚,其中含有较多胶原纤维和弹性纤维。肺泡壁的细胞结构不清,肺泡腔内有内容物,可能是发生病变引起。     

绵羊肺腺瘤病毒自然感染病例的病理学观察

通过对2只自然感染绵羊肺腺瘤病毒的病羊进行剖检及病理组织学观察,了解此病毒对绵羊机体的主要侵害器官及其他各器官所发生的一系列变化。试验结果表明:剖检可见肺脏膨隆,体积增大、充满胸腔;肺的表面和切面上见到大小不一、质度较实的黄白色小结节;有些病例肺胸膜的脏层与壁层发生黏连;在支气管、细支气管内可见白色泡沫状的黏液。组织学检查可见肺泡壁上皮细胞和细支气管上皮细胞增生,呈乳头状向肺泡腔内或细支气管腔内生长;邻近部位的肺泡腔内有大量的巨噬细胞增生。从观察结果中可以看出,绵羊肺腺瘤病毒主要侵害肺脏和机体的免疫器官,可为绵羊肺腺瘤病的进一步研究提供参考。     

双峰驼肺组织的结构特征

通过光镜和电镜技术对我国甘肃和内蒙古４８例双峰驼肺脏组织结构的研究表明,双峰驼肺胸膜极厚,其中富含大量胶原纤维和弹性纤维,在肺脏各叶的边缘和腹面,其胸膜下常有较多脂肪组织聚集。腹面肺胸膜下的脂肪中还有淋巴结分布。肺小叶明显,小叶间结缔组织丰富,支气管、细支气管管壁较厚,粘膜层常呈许多明显的皱襞。肺呼吸部的组织学特点是,肺泡管数目多,每支呼吸性细支气管分出６￣１０个或更多的肺泡管。肺泡管宽大,但肺泡     

EP2受体激动剂Butaprost对奶牛子宫内膜上皮细胞中血管内皮生长因子基因表达的影响

[目的]观察EP2受体激动剂Butaprost对奶牛子宫内膜上皮细胞中血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)基因表达的影响,探讨前列腺素类化合物对奶牛子宫内膜组织修复的机制。[方法]分离培养奶牛子宫内膜上皮细胞,采用荧光定量PCR技术检测EP2受体激动剂Butaprost对奶牛子宫内膜上皮细胞中VEGFmRNA表达的影响。[结果]10-6mol/L的Butaprost作用于奶牛子宫内膜上皮细胞4、8、16、24h可显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)地促进VEGFmRNA的表达。[结论]EP2受体激动剂Butaprost能够促进奶牛子宫内膜上皮细胞中VEGF基因的表达。     

鸡肾型IBV引起病理形态学的电镜观察

本试验通过扫描电镜与透电镜，观察了鸡肾型传生支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）在气管、肺、肾人的分布以及对器官组织的损伤作用，观察结果表明，肾型ＩＢＶ主要分布于气管粘膜上皮、肺呼吸毛细管上皮和肾上管上皮细胞浆内，还分布于毛细血管周围。肾型ＩＢＶ对器官组织的损伤作用主要表现为：气管粘膜纤毛上皮细胞的纤毛脱落，有的缠结成簇，甚至严重倒伏。肺呼吸滤过膜增厚，并发生纤维化。肾小管质液化，线粒体变萎缩，有的线粒体溶解呈     

不同日龄滩羊皮肤组织化学特征比较

为比较2、35日龄滩羊皮肤毛囊的发育特点与血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor，VEGF）和血管内皮生长因子受体2（vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2，VEGFR2）的分布特征，探究出生后滩羊被毛生长发育的变化特点，试验应用常规HE染色及改良Masson胶原纤维染色、Gomori银氨法染色、磷钨酸染色等特殊染色观察2与35日龄滩羊皮肤组织结构特点；应用免疫组织化学法结合免疫荧光染色法观察VEGF及VEGFR2在2与35日龄滩羊皮肤组织中的分布定位，并用IPP图像分析软件进行定量分析。结果显示：与2日龄滩羊皮肤组织比较，35日龄滩羊表皮与真皮间界限更加清晰，毛囊结构发育完整；毛囊密度显著降低（P<0.05）；胶原纤维与弹性纤维含量增加，形成网格状分布。免疫组化及免疫荧光结果显示，VEGF及VEGFR2在滩羊皮肤表皮及毛囊外根鞘、皮脂腺上均有表达。统计表明，VEGF及VEGFR2在2日龄滩羊皮肤组织中的表达量均显著高于35日龄（P<0.05）。综合上述结果，滩羊毛囊发育过程中，胶原纤维和弹性纤维增加明显；VEGF与VEGFR2通路在毛囊角质形成中起直接调节作用。     

In situ expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA in calves with acute Pasteurella haemolytica pneumonia.

The in situ expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA in normal and pneumonic lung tissues of Holstein calves with bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) was compared with that of age-matched non-BLAD Holstein calves by in situ hybridization. Twenty-four Holstein calves (both BLAD and non-BLAD) were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups and inoculated intrabronchially with Pasteurella haemolytica or pyrogen-free saline. Lung tissues were collected and fixed in 10% neutral formalin at 2 or 4 hours postinoculation (PI). The expression and distribution of ICAM-1 mRNA in the different cell types of the lung tissue was detected by in situ hybridization with a 307-base-pair bovine ICAM-1 riboprobe. In lungs of both non-BLAD and BLAD saline-inoculated calves, ICAM-1 expression was present in epithelial cells but occurred in <30% of cells in bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. ICAM-1 expression in vascular endothelial cells was present in <30% of cells in pulmonary arteries and veins. The expression of ICAM-1 was significantly greater (>60% of cells) in bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary endothelial cells of arteries and veins in both BLAD and non-BLAD calves inoculated with P. haemolytica. Bronchiolar epithelium had the highest intensity of mRNA expression and highest percentage of cells that were stained, whereas bronchial epithelium had the lowest intensity and percentage of cells stained. Most alveolar macrophages and neutrophils in infected lungs also expressed ICAM-1. ICAM-1 expression was generally increased in infected BLAD calves at 2 hours PI as compared with non-BLAD calves but not at 4 hours PI. The increased expression of ICAM-1 during acute P. haemolytica pneumonia in calves suggests that ICAM-1 is upregulated and may play a role in leukocyte infiltration. The extent of ICAM-1 expression in P. haemolytica-inoculated calves with BLAD was initially enhanced but otherwise similar to that in non-BLAD calves.     

Morphologic studies of intrapulmonary airway mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in swine

Morphologic structures of the lymphoid tissues associated with the mucosa of the respiratory tract in swine aged 11 to 13 weeks were studied by dissecting, light, and transmission electron microscopy. Tissues along the respiratory tract were collected for further examination. Light microscopic examination showed that the lymphoid tissues were associated with bronchi (8.38%), bronchioles (81.63%), and respiratory bronchioles (9.98%). The lymphoid tissues were identified at different levels of the airways and were designated intrapulmonary airway mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues. Anatomically, the lymphoid tissues were found mostly in the bronchiolar bifurcations, with an arteriole frequently nearby. Histologically, the lymphoid tissues contained a single dome-shaped lymphoid follicle, which bulged out from the mucosal surface into the airway, where it was covered along the mucosal side by a layer of specialized epithelium. Ultrastructurally, the mucosal surface of the specialized epithelial cells was equipped with microfolds or cytoplasmic projections instead of cilia. The cytoplasm was elongated, and therefore much thinner than that of ordinary epithelial cells. Many lymphocytes were found scattered in the mucosal epithelium between or beneath the specialized epithelial cells. This structure was similar to that seen in the Peyer's patches of the small intestine in swine and other animals.     

Expression of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in the lungs and lymphoid tissue of pigs

The pattern of distribution of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in different tissues varies between species. The aim of the present study was to describe the distribution of TLR9 expression in selected tissues and organs of healthy pigs at 3 weeks and 3 months of age. Representative formalin-fixed samples of lung, thymus and secondary lymphoid tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. TLR9 positive staining was observed in epithelial cells, vascular endothelium and myoepithelial-like cells, as well as in cells of the alveolar septa of the lung. Antigen presenting cells of perifollicular zones (interdigitating, macrophage and dendritic-like cells) of the Peyer's patches, lymph nodes, spleen and thymus were also immunoreactive for TLR9. No differences were seen in TLR9 protein expression in tissues from the two age groups.     

Molecular and biological characterization of vascular endothelial growth factor of parapoxviruses isolated from wild Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus)

Contagious dermatitis in domestic and wild ruminants caused by parapoxvirus (PPV) occurs worldwide. Although PPV infections appear in cattle, sheep and goats, the papular, nodular, pustular and ulcerated skin lesions of wild Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus) are significantly more severe than those of other animals. To determine the factors involved in the severity of these skin lesions, we compared the molecular characteristics of 4 PPV isolates from Japanese serows and 2 isolates from sheep in Japan, and also investigated the biological properties of primary endothelial cells from different host species. All of the 6 Japanese isolates harbored a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene, which is known as one of the virulence factors of PPVs. Three different amino acid sequences of viral VEGF were identified and the sequence was identical among the 4 isolates from the Japanese serows. The temporal expression pattern of viral VEGF mRNA was almost the same among 3 isolates encoding the 3 different VEGFs in infected cells from different host species. Recombinant forms of the 3 different VEGFs showed the ability to induce vascular permeability and endothelial cell proliferation. Primary endothelial cells from Japanese serows were most responsive to recombinant viral VEGF compared to cells from cattle, sheep, and goats. These results suggest that not only the biological activity of viral VEGF but also the high responsiveness to viral VEGF of endothelial cells might be involved in the severe proliferative skin lesions induced by PPV infection in Japanese serows.     

鸡舍内氨对肉鸡肺组织结构的影响

选用2周龄Ross—I号肉用仔鸡120只,饲养在封闭式鸡舍内,观察了鸡舍内氨对鸡肺组织结构的影响,并从组织学角度评价了磷酸和过磷酸钙的降氨效果.结果表明:鸡舍内自然蓄积的氨能引起肺组织的严重损伤,表现为三级支气管上皮细胞微绒毛萎缩缠结,细胞内板层小体增多,局部上皮细胞死亡、脱落;肺房隔增厚;呼吸毛细管上皮细胞受损,局部上皮细胞脱落;毛细血管内皮增厚,管腔狭窄;严重的导致肺炎及肉芽肿样病变.磷酸和过磷酸钙均有明显的降氨效果,以磷酸的效果最佳.